Acetilcisteína em retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos

PURPOSE: Analyze the ability of Acetylcysteine to reduce distal necrosis in a random skin flap, in the rat. METHODS: The present study utilized 28 adult male Wistar-EPM rats distributed, at random, in two groups of 14 animals. Control group rats (CG) received distilled water and Acetylcysteine group animals (NACG) received NAC (300 mg/kg) by oral infusion, 15 minutes before flap elevation. On the seventh postoperative day, percentage of distal necrosis was determined and skin samples collected in order to allow determination of MDA levels. RESULTS: The mean necrotic area in CG group (control) was 66 % and in NACG group (Acetylcysteine) 52 %, a statistically significant difference according to the Mann-Whitney test (U calc = 25; U crit = 45). MDA levels were lower in the CG flap skin samples than in the NACG samples (U calc = 24; U crit = 45), the oposite being true in the normal skin samples (U calc = 10; U crit = 45). CONCLUSION: Acetylcysteine was effective, according to the model used, reducing the percentage of distal necrosis in NACG rats.OBJETIVO: Analisar a capacidade da Acetilcisteína em reduzir a necrose distal em um retalho cutâneo randômico, no rato. MÉTODO: O presente trabalho utilizou 28 ratos machos adultos Wistar-EPM divididos, ao acaso, em dois grupos de 14 animais. Os ratos do grupo controle (CG) receberam água destilada e os animais do grupo Acetilcisteína (NACG) receberam NAC (300 mg/kg) por infusão oral, 15 minutos antes da elevação do retalho. No sétimo dia de pós-operatório, a porcentagem de necrose distal foi determinada e amostras de pele colhidas para permitir a determinação dos níveis de MDA. RESULTADOS: A área média de necrose no grupo CG (controle) foi 66 % e no grupo NACG (Acetilcisteína) 52 %, uma diferença estatisticamente significante de acordo com o teste de Mann-Whitney (U calc = 25; U crit = 45). Os níveis de MDA foram menores nas amostras de pele do retalho no grupo CG do que nas amostras do grupo NACG (U calc = 24; U crit = 45), o oposto sendo verdadeiro nas amostras de pele normal (U calc = 10; U crit = 45). CONCLUSÃO: A Acetilcisteína foi eficaz, de acordo com o modelo usado, reduzindo a porcentagem de necrose distal nos ratos NACG.UNIFESP Plastic Surgery DivisionUNIFESPUNIFESP, Plastic Surgery DivisionUNIFESPSciEL

Effectiveness of a new toothbrush design versus a conventional tongue scraper in improving breath odor and reducing tongue microbiota

For centuries, specific instruments or regular toothbrushes have routinely been used to remove tongue biofilm and improve breath odor. Toothbrushes with a tongue scraper on the back of their head have recently been introduced to the market. The present study compared the effectiveness of a manual toothbrush with this new design, i.e., possessing a tongue scraper, and a commercial tongue scraper in improving breath odor and reducing the aerobic and anaerobic microbiota of tongue surface. The evaluations occurred at 4 moments, when the participants (n=30) had their halitosis quantified with a halimeter and scored according to a 4-point scoring system corresponding to different levels of intensity. Saliva was collected for counts of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Data were analyzed statistically by Friedman's test (p<0.05). When differences were detected, the Wilcoxon test adjusted for Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons (group to group). The results confirmed the importance of mechanical cleaning of the tongue, since this procedure provided an improvement in halitosis and reduction of aerobe and anaerobe counts. Regarding the evaluated methods, the toothbrush's tongue scraper and conventional tongue scraper had a similar performance in terms of breath improvement and reduction of tongue microbiota, and may be indicated as effective methods for tongue cleaning

MANUAL EDUCATIVO DE CUIDADOS À CRIANÇA COM GASTROSTOMIA: CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: a gastrostomia é um procedimento no qual um cateter é inserido no estômago, através de uma abertura na parede abdominal anterior. Há escassez de trabalhos voltados para orientações e cuidados com do uso da gastrostomia e a influência para os familiares e cuidadores. OBJETIVO: desenvolver e validar um manual educativo sobre cuidados com gastrostomia em crianças. MÉTODO: realizado levantamento bibliográfico para desenvolvimento do conteúdo do manual e validação do mesmo realizada com 11 especialistas com base na técnica de Delphi e com cinco pais e cuidadores de crianças com gastrostomias mensurado por meio da escala de Likert. RESULTADOS: o material elaborado foi validado por especialistas em dois ciclos por meio da técnica de Delphi, com a participação de 11 juízes no primeiro ciclo e seis juízes no segundo ciclo. A porcentagem de concordância absoluta de todo o manual alcançou valor de 97,91%. O menor valor encontrado no segundo ciclo foi de 83,3%, com sete de oito questões apresentando concordância de 100%. A validação com público-alvo apresentou taxa de concordância de 100% e todos os participantes pontuaram três na escala de Likert para todas as questões. O manual validado possui registro em ISBN de número: 978-85-924327-0-6, com 21 páginas, oito capítulos e 38 figuras de linguagem simples e acessível, abordando temas como o conceito e indicação da gastrostomia, o cuidado domiciliar e a prevenção de complicações. CONCLUSÃO: elaborado manual educativo de cuidado da criança com gastrostomia, validado por especialistas e por pais e cuidadores

High-definition abdominal liposuction with silicone tubing

Introduction: Recently, some authors have described high definition liposuction in the abdominal region, achieved by the vigorous marking of the grooves of the linea alba, linea semilunaris, and transverse tendinous intersections within the rectus abdominis muscle. The aim is to present a pilot study of high-definition abdominal liposuction technique using conventional material and silicone tubing in the dressings . Methods: Twenty cases were submitted to conventional liposuction, followed by superficial liposuction under the linea alba, linea semilunaris, and tendinous intersections, until a groove was formed at these sites. Flexible silicone tubing was externally fixed with Micropore tape in the linea alba, bilateral linea semilunaris, and tendinous intersections, and removed after 5 days. Results: A mean increase of 20 minutes was required to perform these steps. The marks of the silicone tubing were evident at the first follow-up, and less prominent at the second follow-up. No color change, ischemia, or significant pain was observed using this technique. After 3 months, there were no cases of dermatitis, cutis marmorata, seroma, infection, contour irregularity or need for additional procedures. Conclusion: High-definition abdominal liposuction was performed using conventional materials and externally fixed temporary silicone tubing

Histological modification in TRAM flap in rats treated with pentoxifylline

PURPOSE: To investigate the blood vessels' concentration in TRAM flap's rat model, in the presence of pentoxifylline.METHODS:32 male, Wistar-EPM rats were divided into two groups. Control group (C): 0.5 ml of saline, intraperitoneally, once a day, for seven days before flap elevation; PTX group (P): pentoxifylline (20mg/kg/day), intraperitoneally, for seven days before flap elevation. After that, they were submitted to a caudal unipedicle TRAM flap. On the fifth postoperative day, percentages of flap necrosis were determined via the paper template method and Tram flap's zone IV skin biopsies were taken for histological analysis.RESULTS:the mean percentage of flap necrosis in group C was 58.7 % and in group P, 31.1 (Wilcoxon test; p = 0.003). Mean capillary vessels number in zone IV's skin in C group was 33.4 and in P group was 71.9 (p=0.008).CONCLUSIONS: Pentoxifylline was effective reducing the necrosis in the caudal unipedicle TRAM flap in the rat as well as increasing the number of capillaries in an ischemic zone (zone IV).UNIFESP Surgery DepartmentUNIFESP Pathology DepartmentUNIFESPUNIFESP, Surgery DepartmentUNIFESP, Pathology DepartmentUNIFESPSciEL

Desempenho de tambaqui cultivado em tanques-rede, em lago de várzea, sob diferentes taxas de alimentação

The objective of this work was to estimate the effect of feeding rates, 5%, 7.5% and 10% of body weight per day, on growth performance and metabolic parameters of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, reared in cages located in a floodplain lake. Fish fed at 5% of body weight per day presented better feed conversion; total plasma protein values, after 90 days, were significantly lower than in other treatments. A daily feeding rate of 5% body weight, for tambaqui juveniles reared in cages in floodplain lakes, allows a satisfactory performance

Desempenho de tambaqui cultivado em tanques-rede, em lago de várzea, sob diferentes taxas de alimentação

The objective of this work was to estimate the effect of feeding rates, 5%, 7.5% and 10% of body weight per day, on growth performance and metabolic parameters of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, reared in cages located in a floodplain lake. Fish fed at 5% of body weight per day presented better feed conversion; total plasma protein values, after 90 days, were significantly lower than in other treatments. A daily feeding rate of 5% body weight, for tambaqui juveniles reared in cages in floodplain lakes, allows a satisfactory performance.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da taxa de alimentação de 5%, 7,5% e 10% do peso vivo dia-1, sobre o desempenho e parâmetros metabólicos de tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, cultivado em tanques-rede instalados em lago de várzea. Animais que receberam a taxa de alimentação de 5% do peso vivo dia-1, foram os que apresentaram melhor conversão alimentar e após 90 dias de cultivo e valores de proteínas totais plasmáticas significativamente mais baixos. O fornecimento de ração para juvenis de tambaqui, na taxa de 5% do peso vivo dia-1, sob condições de lagos de várzea, permite um desempenho satisfatório da espécie

Neorickettsia sp. in coatis (Nasua nasua) in Brazil

Abstract The genus Neorickettsia comprises trematode-associated bacteria that can cause diseases in animals and humans. Despite detection of Neorickettsia antigens in the intestine of coatis kept in captivity in southern Brazil through immunohistochemistry, the molecular identity of the bacteria in South American procyonids remains elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Neorickettsia sp. in blood samples from coatis in central-western Brazil. Between March 2018 and January 2019, animals were captured and recaptured in two areas of the Cerrado (Parque Estadual do Prosa, PEP; and Vila da Base Aérea, VBA) located in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, central-western Brazil. All captures were performed according to convenience. DNA from 97 blood samples was subjected to nested PCR (nPCR) targeting a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene of Neorickettsia sp. Six samples (3.6%; five from VBA and one from PEP) from different coatis were positive in nPCR based on the 16S rRNA. The sequences obtained (~500 bp) showed ˃ 99% similarity to N. risticii. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the sequences detected in the present study in a clade with N. risticii. This is the first molecular detection of Neorickettsia sp. in coatis in Brazil