4-Formyl­phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galactopyran­oside

The galactose ring in the title compound, C21H24O11, has a chair conformation with the substituted benzene ring occupying an equatorial position. The crystal packing features C—H⋯O inter­actions that lead to the formation of supra­molecular layers in the ab plane

Porous amphiphilic biogel from a facile chemo-biosynthetic route

Grafting of medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) with glycerol 1,3-diglycerolate diacrylate (GDD) in acetone was performed using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. A detailed mechanism scheme provides significant improvement to previous literature. Radical-mediated grafting generated α–β carbon inter-linking of mcl-PHA and GDD, resulting in a macromolecular structure with gel properties. The thermal properties of the copolymer for different graft yields were investigated as a function of initiator concentration, GDD monomer concentration, incubation period and temperature. The water absorption and porosity of the gel were significantly improved relative to neat mcl-PHA

4-Formyl­phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyran­oside

The pyran­oside ring in the title compound, C21H24O11, has a chair conformation with the substituted benzene ring occupying an equatorial position. The crystal packing is dominated by C—H⋯O inter­actions that lead to the formation of supra­molecular layers in the ab plane

Drug carriers in cancer therapy: Administration, formulation and characterization

ABSTRACT Besides the active ingredient, matters of administration are of tremendous importance for the performance of a drug. A variety of carriers, differing in morphology and composition can be applied to enhance the efficiency of pharmaceutical active compounds. This review addresses common administration routes for cancer chemotherapy, i.e. intravenous injection, oral and transdermal application, and presents related carriers. Emphasis has been placed on vesicular systems, which are particularly useful for intravenous and oral administration. In view of considerable morphological impacts on the performance of a drug, methods for the physico-chemical characterization of carriers, covering size, encapsulation efficiency and drug release, are addressed as well

Conjugated Oligo-Aromatic Compounds Bearing a 3,4,5-Trimethoxy Moiety: Investigation of Their Antioxidant Activity Correlated with a DFT Study

A series of heterocyclic compounds bearing the well-known free radical scavenging 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy group, was synthesized. The key compound 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl-oxy)benzohydrazide was converted into thiosemicarbazide derivatives, which were subsequently cyclized with NaOH to provide 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. Alternative treatment of the acid hydrazide with carbon disulfide in the presence of KOH led to the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazole and various alkylated derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were purified and the structures of the products were elucidated and confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The thiosemicarbazide derivatives were highly active in both antioxidant assays with the lowest IC50 value for DPPH radical scavenging. Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to understand the relative importance of NH, SH and CH hydrogens on the radical scavenging activities of these compounds

Effect of carbon-to-nitrogen molar ratio on PHA content and biomass in batch culture of <i>P. putida</i> Bet001grown on oleic acid (C_18∶1) (max. standard error ±5%).

<p>Effect of carbon-to-nitrogen molar ratio on PHA content and biomass in batch culture of <i>P. putida</i> Bet001grown on oleic acid (C_18∶1) (max. standard error ±5%).</p

PHA composition as a function of carbon source (max. standard error ±5%).

†<p>(hydroxybutyrate)</p>‡<p>(hydroxyhexanoate)</p>∥<p>(hydroxyheptanoate)</p> <p>(hydroxyoctanoate)</p>#<p>(hydroxydecanoate)</p>§<p>(hydroxydodecanoate)</p>¶<p>(hydroxytetradecanoate), ND (not detected).</p