Observations on Troxochrus nasutus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)

Troxochrus nasutus kann in Europa sicherlich nicht zu den sehr seltenen Spinnen gezählt werden. So liegen - nur um einige Fundorte aufzuzählen - aus Schweden (GUNNARSSON 1983), Osterreich (THALER 1978), der Schweiz (MOOR & NYFFELER 1983) und aus Deutschland (Theo Blick pers. Mitteilung) diverse Funde vor. Als Lebensraum wird von MAURER & HANGGI (1990) "Baumrinde sowie in der Kraut- und Baumschicht in Waldern" angegeben. Der Verbreitungsschwerpunkt soll nach THALER m(1978) "in den mitteleuropäischen Mittelgebirgen liegen". Nach HANGGI et al.(1995) werden Nadelwälder bevorzugt

First record of Pseudomaro aenigmaticus (Araneae: Linyphiidae) and further records of Philodromus praedatus (Araneae: Philodromidae) in Switzerland

Im Rahmen des laufenden Nationalfondsprojekts "Der Beitrag von Waldrandökotonstrukturen zur regionalen Biodiversität" konnte in der Schweiz erstmals Pseudomaro aenigmaticus DENIS, 1966 (Linyphiidae) nachgewiesen werden. Weiter wurde auch Philodromus praedatus O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1871 (Philodromidae) festgestellt, eine Spezies, von der bisher erst drei schweizerische Funde vorliegen. ..

Farmland biodiversity and agricultural management on 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions

Farmland is a major land cover type in Europe and Africa and provides habitat for numerous species. The severe decline in farmland biodiversity of the last decades has been attributed to changes in farming practices, and organic and low-input farming are assumed to mitigate detrimental effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Since the farm enterprise is the primary unit of agricultural decision making, management-related effects at the field scale need to be assessed at the farm level. Therefore, in this study, data were collected on habitat characteristics, vascular plant, earthworm, spider, and bee communities and on the corresponding agricultural management in 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions. In 15 environmental and agricultural homogeneous regions, 6–20 farms with the same farm type (e.g., arable crops, grassland, or specific permanent crops) were selected. If available, an equal number of organic and non-organic farms were randomly selected. Alternatively, farms were sampled along a gradient of management intensity. For all selected farms, the entire farmed area was mapped, which resulted in total in the mapping of 11 338 units attributed to 194 standardized habitat types, provided together with additional descriptors. On each farm, one site per available habitat type was randomly selected for species diversity investigations. Species were sampled on 2115 sites and identified to the species level by expert taxonomists. Species lists and abundance estimates are provided for each site and sampling date (one date for plants and earthworms, three dates for spiders and bees). In addition, farmers provided information about their management practices in face-to-face interviews following a standardized questionnaire. Farm management indicators for each farm are available (e.g., nitrogen input, pesticide applications, or energy input). Analyses revealed a positive effect of unproductive areas and a negative effect of intensive management on biodiversity. Communities of the four taxonomic groups strongly differed in their response to habitat characteristics, agricultural management, and regional circumstances. The data has potential for further insights into interactions of farmland biodiversity and agricultural management at site, farm, and regional scale

Beobachtungen zu Troxochrus nasutus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)

Volume: 14Start Page: 81End Page: 8

Erstnachweis von Pseudomaro aenigmaticus (Araneae: Linyphiidae) und weitere Funde von Philodromus praedatus (Araneae: Philodromidae) in der Schweiz

Volume: 10Start Page: 25End Page: 2

Farmland biodiversity and agricultural management on 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions

Farmland is a major land cover type in Europe and Africa and provides habitat for numerous species. The severe decline in farmland biodiversity of the last decades has been attributed to changes in farming practices, and organic and low-input farming are assumed to mitigate detrimental effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Since the farm enterprise is the primary unit of agricultural decision making, management-related effects at the field scale need to be assessed at the farm level. Therefore, in this study, data were collected on habitat characteristics, vascular plant, earthworm, spider, and bee communities and on the corresponding agricultural management in 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions. In 15 environmental and agricultural homogeneous regions, 6–20 farms with the same farm type (e.g., arable crops, grassland, or specific permanent crops) were selected. If available, an equal number of organic and non-organic farms were randomly selected. Alternatively, farms were sampled along a gradient of management intensity. For all selected farms, the entire farmed area was mapped, which resulted in total in the mapping of 11 338 units attributed to 194 standardized habitat types, provided together with additional descriptors. On each farm, one site per available habitat type was randomly selected for species diversity investigations. Species were sampled on 2115 sites and identified to the species level by expert taxonomists. Species lists and abundance estimates are provided for each site and sampling date (one date for plants and earthworms, three dates for spiders and bees). In addition, farmers provided information about their management practices in face-to-face interviews following a standardized questionnaire. Farm management indicators for each farm are available (e.g., nitrogen input, pesticide applications, or energy input). Analyses revealed a positive effect of unproductive areas and a negative effect of intensive management on biodiversity. Communities of the four taxonomic groups strongly differed in their response to habitat characteristics, agricultural management, and regional circumstances. The data has potential for further insights into interactions of farmland biodiversity and agricultural management at site, farm, and regional scale.Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu