EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTITUBERKULOSIS PADA PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2010

This study aims to examine the patterns of the use of antituberculosis drugs (OAT) and to evaluate thesuitability of the use of OAT based on the Guidelines for Tuberculosis Control 2009 by Ministry ofHealth RI, in hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. KandouManado period January to December 2010. This study is a descriptive survey research and datacollection carried out retrospectively. Data was analyzed with descriptive analysis. The resultsshowed patients with category 1 of an intensive phase is given the alloy HRZE or 4FDC andcontinoum phase patients is given the alloy HR. Category 2 patients, the 2-month intensive phase isgiven the alloy HRZES and for category 2 patients at 1-month intensive phase is given the alloyHRZE. A total of 97.7% of patients prescribed a single drug dosage OAT (generic) and 2.3% ofpatients prescribed OAT FDC. Based on the suitability of the selection of alloys OAT, for thetreatment of category 1 have met the suitability of 94.7% and category 2 is 66.7%, compliance withthe standards of the Guidelines for Tuberculosis Control 2009 by Ministry of Health RI.Keywords: OAT, pulmonary tuberculosis, hospitalized patient

STUDI PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN MALARIA DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RSUD KABUPATEN MIMIKA

ABSTRACT Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite (class of Sporozoa) that attacks red blood cells. In indonesia, there are 4 (four) species of malaria parasites, namely Plasmodium falciparum as the cause of tropical malaria which often causes brain malaria with death, Plasmodium vivax as the cause of malaria tertiana, Plasmodium malariae as the cause of malaria quartana and Plasmodium ovale as the cause of ovale malaria. This study aims to determine the patient characteristics and treatment patterns in malaria patients at the inpatient installation of the Mimika District Hospital in period June – December 2018. This study was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection against 68 medical records of malaria patients who were hospitalized inclusion criteria. There were  more men group than women, 41 patiensts (60,29%). Most of malaria patients are in the 0 – 5 year age group with 30 patients (44,12%). The most common type of malaria is uncomplicated vivax malaria 21 patients (33,82%). The most drug use of patients was Primaquin as many as 57 (83,82%) of 68 patients. The exact percentage of drug use for patients is 100%, right drug 89.71%, right dose 92.65%, timely 97.06% and right route 100%. Keywords : Malaria, Drug Utilization Study, Hospitalization.  ABSTRAK Malaria merupakan penyakit menular disebabkan oleh parasit Plasmodium (kelas Sporozoa) yang menyerang sel darah merah. Di Indonesia dikenal 4 (empat) macam spesies parasit malaria yaitu Plasmodium falciparum sebagai penyebab malaria tropika yang sering menyebabkan malaria otak dengan kematian, Plasmodium vivax sebagai penyebab malaria tertiana, Plasmodium malariae sebagai penyebab malaria quartana dan Plasmodium ovale sebagai penyebab malaria ovale. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien dan pola pengobatan penyakit malaria pada pasien malaria di instalasi rawat inap RSUD Kabupaten Mimika periode bulan Juni – Desember 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif terhadap 68 data rekam medik pasien malaria rawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Jumlah pasien laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan perempuan yaitu sebanyak 41 pasien (60,29%). Pasien Malaria kebanyakan berada pada kelompok usia 0-5 tahun sebanyak 30 pasien (44,12%). Jenis malaria yang paling sering terjadi adalah Malaria vivax tanpa komplikasi sebanyak 23 pasien (33,82%). Penggunaan obat pasien paling banyak yaitu Primakuin sebanyak 57 (83,82%) dari total 68 pasien. Persentase ketepatan penggunaan obat yang tepat pasien 100%, tepat obat 89,71%, tepat dosis  92.65%, tepat waktu 97,06% dan tepat rute 100%. Kata kunci : Malaria, Studi Penggunaan Obat, Rawat Inap

TINJAUAN PENGGUNAAN DAN POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT ANTIKEJANG DENGAN OBAT LAIN PADA PASIEN STROKE PERDARAHAN RAWAT INAP RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

ABSTRACK Hemorrhagic stroke is a stroke caused by intra-cerebral hemorrhage or subarachniod hemorrhage due to rupture of cerebral blood vessels in certain areas so that blood fills the brain tissue. Seizures are the most common neurological problem in stroke patients. The occurrence of seizures due to stroke is believed to be the presence of lesions in the brain during a stroke and the formation of scar tissue. This study discusses the use of anti-seizures and the potential of anti-seizure interactions of hemorrhagic stroke patients in inpatient at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. This study is involved retrospective data on 30 medical records of stroke patients with Hemorrhage in inpatients that met the inclusion criteria. Phenytoin as many as 23 (76,67%), phenytoin combined with Diazepam can occur as many as 4 (13,33%) and Diazepam by 3 (10%). Drug interactions, phenytoin combined with nicardipine which occurs as many as 2 (40%) interactions occur, phenytoin combined with Diazepam can occur as many as 3 (60%) interactions occur. Based on interactions, pharmacokinetic interactions were 5 (100%) occurrences.  Keywords: Hemorrhagic Stroke, anti-seizures, drug interactions ABSTRAK Stroke hemoragik adalah stroke yang disebabkan oleh perdarahan intraserebral atau perdarahan subaraknoid akibat pecahnya pembuluh darah otak di daerah tertentu sehingga darah mengisi jaringan otak. Kejang adalah masalah neurologis yang paling umum pada pasien stroke. Terjadinya kejang akibat stroke dipercayai adanya lesi di otak selama stroke dan pembentukan jaringan parut. Penelitian ini membahas penggunaan anti-kejang dan potensi interaksi anti-kejang pasien stroke hemoragik di rawat inap di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini melibatkan data retrospektif pada 30 catatan medis pasien stroke dengan Perdarahan pada pasien rawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Fenitoin sebesar 23 (76,67%), Fenitoin dikombinasikan dengan Diazepam sebesar 4 (13,33%)., dan Diazepam sebesar 3 (10%). Interaksi obat, fenitoin yang dikombinasikan dengan nicardipine yang terjadi sebanyak 2 (40%) interaksi terjadi, fenitoin yang dikombinasikan dengan Diazepam dapat terjadi sebanyak 3 (60%) interaksi terjadi. Berdasarkan interaksi, interaksi farmakokinetik adalah 5 (100%) kejadian.  Kata kunci: Stroke Hemoragik, anti-kejang, interaksi oba

Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Antituberkulosis Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Di Instalasi Rawat Inap Blu Rsup Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Januari – Desember 2010

This study aims to examine the patterns of the use of antituberculosis drugs (OAT) and to evaluate thesuitability of the use of OAT based on the Guidelines for Tuberculosis Control 2009 by Ministry ofHealth RI, in hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. KandouManado period January to December 2010. This study is a descriptive survey research and datacollection carried out retrospectively. Data was analyzed with descriptive analysis. The resultsshowed patients with category 1 of an intensive phase is given the alloy HRZE or 4FDC andcontinoum phase patients is given the alloy HR. Category 2 patients, the 2-month intensive phase isgiven the alloy HRZES and for category 2 patients at 1-month intensive phase is given the alloyHRZE. A total of 97.7% of patients prescribed a single drug dosage OAT (generic) and 2.3% ofpatients prescribed OAT FDC. Based on the suitability of the selection of alloys OAT, for thetreatment of category 1 have met the suitability of 94.7% and category 2 is 66.7%, compliance withthe standards of the Guidelines for Tuberculosis Control 2009 by Ministry of Health RI

KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI-DESEMBER 2010

Hypertension in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM type 2) improve microvascular andmacrovascular complications. Control of blood pressure can reduce the risk of complication andmortality. The aims of the study was to assess antihypertensive in patients with type 2 diabetes atBLU. RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado, from January to December 2010. This study was aretrospective descriptive study. The data was collected by purposive at the installation of medicalrecords BLU. RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado, from October to December 2011, and a total of41 diabetic patients involve in this study. The findings of ths study showed that the majority patientstype 2 diabetes in the age range between 45 to 64 years (70,73%). Patterns of antihypertensivetherapy consists of monotherapy (53,66%) and combination (46,34%). In the monotherapy, which isoften used Angiotensin Converting Inhibitors (ACE-I) (31,82%), Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)(27,27%), and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) (22,73%). For the combination therapy group,which is often used combination of ACE-I and CCB, ARB and CCB each one(21,05%), andcombination ACE-I and ARB (15,83%).Key words: hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension treatment

Las sentencias de las salas penales de la corte suprema de justicia del Perú: necesidad de una debida argumentación jurídica

El propósito de la presente investigación fue analizar cuáles son los criterios argumentativos legales, jurisprudenciales y doctrinarios de las sentencias emitidas por las Salas Penales de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del Perú, donde se desarrolló el concepto de argumentación jurídica en la categoría de resoluciones judiciales penales de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del Perú. Investigación de enfoque cualitativo; diseño exploratorio; alcance de investigación, descriptiva. Los resultados muestran que todas las sentencias cumplen con los criterios establecidos en la lista de cotejo (anexo 2). Las conclusiones arribadas luego del análisis de los datos, fueron que todas las sentencias bajo análisis fueron motivadas de acuerdo a los criterios argumentativos legales, jurisprudenciales y doctrinarios. La relevancia de la presente investigación ha sido desarrollar una idea más acabada sobre la representación del problema de la motivación de las resoluciones judiciales en el Perú, el cual, como se pudo corroborar, las Salas Penales Transitorias y Permanentes, cumplen con motivar las resoluciones emitida

PROFIL PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT KOTA MANADO MENGENAI ANTIBIOTIKA AMOKSISILIN

Medicine gives lots of benefits for human being, if it used properly. Improper use of drugscause problem with health, medication failure, even death (WHO, 2004). Antibiotic as drugswhich cure infection must be used correctly. One of antibiotics most used by society isamoxicillin. The aims of this research was to find out how far the knowledge of Manado citysociety about antibiotic especially amoxicillin. This research was descriptive with crosssectional approach. Sampling method were quota sampling namely 150 respondens ofManado city people which divided into three groups : health student, health workers and nonhealth workers. Based on results, Manado city society possess middle knowledge aboutamoxicillin antibiotics by 49,3 %. Most of respondents in health workers group possess highknowledge by 70 %, health student possess middle knowledge by 68 %, and non healthworkers possess middle knowledge by 52 % about amoxicillin antibiotic.Keywords: Antibiotic, Amoxicillin, knowledg

STUDI PENATALAKSANAAN TERAPI PADA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS DI KLINIK VCT RUMAH SAKIT KOTA MANADO

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (aquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome) and AIDS is a condition when the lymphocytes and whiteblood cells were damaged thereby weakening the body's natural defense system. NationalAIDS Commission (KPA) of North Sulawesi Province notify the data cumulative basisJanuary - December 2011 HIV / AIDS in North Sulawesi is a 1.928 case. This study aimedto investigate the characteristics of people with HIV / AIDS in VCT Clinics Hospital in thecity of Manado and reviewing management of therapy in patients with HIV / AIDS in VCTClinics Hospital in the city of Manado with Free Clinical Management of HIV Infection inAdults and Adolescents those used by the Guidelines National Antiretroviral Therapy in2007 from the Ministry Of Health.This study is a descriptive survey research and data collection as retrospective for3 months from June to August 2012 at the VCT Clinic Hospital that is in Manado city thathas a special clinic VCT (Voluntary Counseling and Test). The study was conducted on 71records medical records of HIV / AIDS and got Antiretroviral therapy (ARV). Data wereanalyzed with descriptive analysis. The results showed 4 ARV drug regimen where thereare 32 patients (45.07%) got Main Line (Duv-Nev) and there were 17 patients (23.94%)got Line Alternative I (Duv-Efv) there are also 9 patients (12, 67%) got Alternative line II(Stav-Hiv-Nev) and 13 patients (18.30%) got Alternative line III (Stav-Hiv-Efv).Keywords: HIV, AIDS, VCT clinics and AR