Testing Order Constraints: Qualitative Differences Between Bayes Factors and Normalized Maximum Likelihood

We compared Bayes factors to normalized maximum likelihood for the simple case of selecting between an order-constrained versus a full binomial model. This comparison revealed two qualitative differences in testing order constraints regarding data dependence and model preference

Web-Based Training for an Evidence-Supported Treatment: Training Completion and Knowledge Acquisition in a Global Sample of Learners

The purpose of this investigation is to describe the characteristics of professional and preprofessional learners who registered for and completed TF-CBTWeb, a modular, web-based training program designed to promote the dissemination of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and to demonstrate the feasibility of this method of dissemination. Between October 1, 2005, and October 1, 2012, a total of 123,848 learners registered for TF-CBTWeb, of whom 98,646 (79.7%) initiated the learning activities by beginning the first module pretest. Of those, 67,201 (68.1%) completed the full training. Registrants hailed from 130 countries worldwide, and they had varied educational backgrounds, professional identities (both professional and preprofessional), and a range of experience working with child trauma victims. Learners who were from the United States, students, those with master’s degrees, and those with fewer years of experience working with child trauma victims tended to have the highest course completion rates. Learners displayed significant increases in knowledge about each component of TF-CBT, based on module pretest and posttest scores. The advantages and limitations of this web-based training program evaluation are discussed, while important implications for the use of web-based trainings are reviewed

A new model for acquiescence at the interface of psychometrics and cognitive psychology

<p>When measuring psychological traits, one has to consider that respondents often show content-unrelated response behavior in answering questionnaires. To disentangle the target trait and two such response styles, extreme responding and midpoint responding, Böckenholt (<a href="#cit0009" target="_blank">2012a</a>) developed an item response model based on a latent processing tree structure. We propose a theoretically motivated extension of this model to also measure acquiescence, the tendency to agree with both regular and reversed items. Substantively, our approach builds on multinomial processing tree (MPT) models that are used in cognitive psychology to disentangle qualitatively distinct processes. Accordingly, the new model for response styles assumes a mixture distribution of affirmative responses, which are either determined by the underlying target trait or by acquiescence. In order to estimate the model parameters, we rely on Bayesian hierarchical estimation of MPT models. In simulations, we show that the model provides unbiased estimates of response styles and the target trait, and we compare the new model and Böckenholt’s model in a recovery study. An empirical example from personality psychology is used for illustrative purposes.</p

Analisis Sentimen Masyarakat Tentang Provider Telekomunikasi Indonesia Pada Twitter Menggunakan Naïve Bayes Classifier

Perkembangan media sosial menjadikan media sosial sebagai salah satu media pengambilan data yang besar. Salah satu pemanfaatan dari data media sosial adalah untuk mengetahui pendapat atau sentimen pengguna media sosial terhadap suatu topik dan masalah. Topik penting yang dibicarakan oleh pengguna jejaring sosial adalah provider telekomunikasi. Masyarakat dapat mengungkapkan pendapat, pernyataan, maupun tanggapan tentang provider telekomunikasi melalui internet terkhusus jejaring sosial. Pendapat masyarakat melalui Twitter disampaikan dengan cara memposting tweets. Postingan tweets tersebut dapat dilakukan analisis sentimen terhadap topik provider telekomunikasi. Analisis sentimen adalah salah satu cabang penelitian dari Text Mining yang berguna untuk mengklasifikasikan dokumen teks berupa opini berdasarkan sentimen. Pendapat tentang provider telekomunikasi dikumpulkan dan dijadikan sebagai data untuk dianalisis dan diamati. Salah satu pembelajaran mesin untuk analisis sentimen adalah Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC). Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) terkenal dengan metode yang sederhana tetapi memiliki keakuratan yang tinggi dalam kasus analisis sentimen berupa dokumen dibandingkan SVM. Hasil analisis sentimen dengan metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) akan mendapatkan informasi dan pengetahuan yang dapat dijadikan pedoman dan masukan kepada pihak-pihak terkait untuk dapat meningkatkan layanan dan mempertahankan xii kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap provider telekomunikasi di Indonesia terutama Telkomsel

Incidence, spatial pattern and temporal progress of Fusarium wilt of bananas

The effective management of Fusarium wilt of bananas (FWB) depends on the knowledge of the disease dynamics in time and space. The objectives of this work were: to estimate disease intensity and impact, and to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of FWB. Fields planted with Silk (n = 10), Pome (n = 17), or Cavendish (n = 3) banana subgroups were surveyed in Brazil, totaling 95 ha. In each field, all plants were visually assessed, and diseased plants were georeferenced. The incidence of FWB and the impact of the disease on the yield on a regional scale were estimated. Spatial patterns were analyzed using quadrat- and distance-based methods. FWB incidence ranged from 0.09% to 41.42%, being higher in Silk fields (median = 14.26%). Impacts of epidemics on yield ranged from 18.4 to 8192.5 kg ha−1 year−1, with an average of 1856.7 kg ha−1 year−1. The higher economic impact of the disease was observed on Silk cultivar with an average loss of USD 1974.2 ha−1 year−1. Overall, estimated losses increased on average by USD 109.8 ha−1 year−1 at each 1% of incidence. Aggregation of FWB was detected by all analytical methods in 13 fields (1 of Cavendish, 11 of Pome, and 1 of Silk). In the other 17 fields, at least one analytical method did not reject the null hypothesis of randomness. One field (5 ha), composed of six plots, was selected for spatial and temporal studies during two years with bi-monthly assessments. A sigmoidal curve represented the FWB progress and the Gompertz model best-fitted disease progress. The level of aggregation varied over time, and evidence of secondary infection to neighboring and distant plants was detected. FWB is a widespread problem in Brazil and yield losses can be of high magnitude. Epidemiology-based management strategies can now be better established

Complex trajectories of a simple pendulum

Accepted versio