41 research outputs found

    An investigation of environmental influence on the creep behavior of a low pressure plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlY alloy

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    Low pressure sprayed MCrAlY overlay coatings are currently being used on advanced single crystal superalloy blades for gas turbine engines. Many studies were made on the influence of coatings on the mechanical properties of superalloys in oxidizing or hot-corroding environments, but very few on the properties of the bulk coating alloy itself. The creep behavior of a typical NiCoCrAlY alloyd (PWA 276) was studied in air and vacuum. The as-received low pressure plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlY plates were heat treated for 4 h at 1080 C followed by 32 h at 870 C, the heat treatment applied to coated superalloy parts. Standard creep specimens 12.7 mm long and 3.2 mm in diameter were then machined. Constant load creep-rupture tests were performed in air and vacuum at 650, 850, and 1050 C and various initial stresses. In addition, some specimens were preoxidized at 1050 C for 100 h prior to testing. Results are briefly discussed

    Creep-fatigue behavior of NiCoCrAlY coated PWA 1480 superalloy single crystals

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    Single crystal specimens of a Ni base superalloy, PWA 1480, with a low pressure plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlY coating were tested in various 0.1 Hz fatigue and creep fatigue cycles both at 1015 and 1050 C. Creep fatigue tests of the cp, pc, and cc types were conducted with various constant total strain ranges employing creep dwells at various constant stresses. Considerable cyclic softening occurred as was evidenced particularly by rapidly increasing creep rates in the creep fatigue tests. The cycle time in the creep fatigue tests typically decreased by more than 80 percent at 0.5 N sub f. Though cyclic life did correlate with delta epsilon sub in a better correlation existed with sub f for both the fatigue and creep fatigue tests, and poor correlations were observed with either sigma sub max or the average cycle time. A model containing both delta sigma and delta sigma (sub in), N sub f = alpha delta sigma (sub in) beta delta sigma gamma, with best fit values of sigma for each cycle type, but the same values of beta and gamam, was found to provide good correlations. Life lines were not greatly different among the cycle types, differing only by a factor of about three. The cp cycle life line was lowest for both test temperatures, however among the other three cycle types there was no consistent ranking. For all test types failure occurred predominately by multiple internal cracking originating at pores. The strong correlation of life with delta sigma may reflect a significant crack growth period in the life of the specimens

    Strong, Tough, and Pest Resistant MoSi2-Base Hybrid Composite for Structural Applications

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    Addition of about 30 to 50 vol % of Si3N4 particulate to MoSi2 improved resistance to low temperature accelerated oxidation by forming a Si2ON2 protective scale and thereby eliminating catastrophic 'pest failure'. The Si3N4 addition also improved the high temperature creep strength by nearly five orders of magnitude, doubled the room temperature toughness and significantly lowered the CTE of the MoSi2 and eliminated matrix cracking in SCS-6 reinforced composites even after thermal cycling. The SCS-6 fiber reinforcement improved the room temperature fracture toughness by seven times and impact resistance by five times. The composite exhibited excellent strength and toughness improvement up to 1400 C. More recently, tape casting was adopted as the preferred processing of MoSi2-base composites for improved fiber spacing, ability to use small diameter fibers, and for lower cost. Good strength and toughness values were also obtained with fine diameter Hi-Nicalon tow fibers. This hybrid composite remains competitive with ceramic matrix composites as a replacement for Ni-base superalloys in aircraft engine applications

    Influence of alloying elements on the oxidation behavior of NbAl3

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    NbAL3 is one candidate material for advanced aeropropulsion systems because of its high melting point, low density, and good oxidation resistance. Although NbAl3 has the lowest oxidation rate among the binary Nb-Al alloys, it does not form exclusive layers of protective Al2O3 scales. Recently Perkin et al., have shown the feasibility of forming alumina scales on Nb-Al alloys at greatly reduced Al contents. However, the objective was to maintain the high Al content, and hence low density, while achieving the capability of growing protective alumina scales. Alloy development followed approaches similar to those used successfully for superalloys and oxidation resistant MCrAlY coatings. Among the three elements examined (Ti, Si, and Cr) as ternary additions to Nb-Al3, Cr was the most effective in favoring the selective oxidation of Al. Nb-41Al-8Cr formed exclusive layers of alumina and had a k sub p value of 0.22 mg squared/cm (sup 4)/hr at 1200 C. The addition of 1 wt percent Y to this alloy was also beneficial, resulting in nearly an order of magnitude decrease in K sub p at 1200 C. Further improvements were achieved by adding about 1 wt percent Si to the quaternary alloy. The k sub p value of 0.012 mg squared/cm (sup 4)/hr for Nb-40Al-8Cr-1Y-1Si at 1200 C was identical to the best NiAl + Zr alloys. These NbAl3 alloys also exhibited excellent cyclic oxidation resistance for 100 hr at 1200 C, being nearly equivalent to NiAl + Zr

    Mechanical Properties of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Foam Panels

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    Rectangular 17-4PH stainless steel sandwiched foam panels were fabricated using a commercial manufacturing technique by brazing two sheets to a foam core. Microstructural observations and ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of the panels revealed large variations in the quality of the brazed areas from one panel to the next as well as within the same panel. Shear tests conducted on specimens machined from the panels exhibited failures either in the brazed region or in the foam core for the poorly brazed and well-brazed samples, respectively. Compression tests were conducted on the foam cores to evaluate their elastic and plastic deformation behavior. These data were compared with published data on polymeric and metallic foams, and with theoretical deformation models proposed for open cell foams

    An overview of using small punch testing for mechanical characterization of MCrAlY bond coats

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    Considerable work has been carried out on overlay bond coats in the past several decades because of its excellent oxidation resistance and good adhesion between the top coat and superalloy substrate in the thermal barrier coating systems. Previous studies mainly focus on oxidation and diffusion behavior of these coatings. However, the mechanical behavior and the dominant fracture and deformation mechanisms of the overlay bond coats at different temperatures are still under investigation. Direct comparison between individual studies has not yet been achieved due to the fragmentary data on deposition processes, microstructure and, more apparently, the difficulty in accurately measuring the mechanical properties of thin coatings. One of the miniaturized specimen testing methods, small punch testing, appears to have the potential to provide such mechanical property measurements for thin coatings. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of using small punch testing to evaluate material properties and to summarize the available mechanical properties that include the ductile-to-brittle transition and creep of MCrAlY bond coat alloys, in an attempt to understand the mechanical behavior of MCrAlY coatings over a broad temperature range

    Effects of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: A greenhouse trial.

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    An in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the compatibility of indigenous plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with commonly used inorganic and organic sources of fertilizers in tea plantations. The nitrogenous, phosphatic and potash fertilizers used for this study were urea, rock phosphate and muriate of potash, respectively. The organic sources of fertilizers neem cake, composted coir pith and vermicompost were also used. PGPRs such as nitrogen fixer; Azospirillum lipoferum, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB); Pseudomonas putida, Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria (KSB); Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas putida were used for compatibility study. Results were indicated that PGPRs preferred the coir pith and they proved their higher colony establishment in the formulation except Azospirillum spp. that preferred vermicompost for their establishment. The optimum dose of neem cake powder

    Effect of FYM and Fermented Liquid Manures on Quality of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

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    MSc. Thesis paperA field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS), College of Agriculture, Dharwad (Karnataka) on a Vertisol during 2007-08 to study the effect of FYM and fermented liquid manures on quality of chilli. Results revealed that, application of FYM equivalent to RDN + RDFYM and FYM equivalent RDN increased ascorbic acid content, oleoresin and colour value by 14.43: 9.19, 8.40: 5.33 and 14.18: 11.77%, respectively over RDF alone. Further, the treatments Beejamrut + Jeevmarut + Panchagavya and Panchagavya also increased ascorbic acid, oleoresin and colour value by 8.02: 6.74, 7.89: 7.00 and 8.25: 7.17%, respectively. However, a significant higher ascorbic acid (138.33 mg/100g), oleoresin (225.00 ASTA units) and colour value (329.27 ASTA units) were also recorded with M3L3 followed by M3L2

    Effect of FYM and Fermented Liquid Manures on Yield and Economics of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.)

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    MSc. Thesis paperA field experiment was carried out on a vertisol to evaluate the effect of FYM and fermented liquid manures on yield and economics of chilli at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad (Karnataka) during kharif 2007-08. Results revealed that application of RDF (M2) recorded significantly higher fruit yield (8.33 q/ha) over rest of the manures. Among liquid manures, L3 and L2 were on par and recorded significantly higher dry fruit yield (8.52 and 8.01 q/ha, respectively) over control (6.38 q/ha). Similarly highest B:C ratio (2.58) was with RDF (M2) over rest of the manures while lowest B:C ratio (1.05) was recorded with FYM equivalent to RDN + RDFYM (M3). The interaction effect was found significantly higher with the combined application of RDF and Beejamrut + Jeevmarut + Panchagavya (L3) both in terms of yield and B:C ratio.Not Availabl
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