Laser-Degeneration Study of Nerve Fibers in the Optic Nerve

Knowledge about wiring of neurons is one of the most important goals of neurobiology. Neuronal processes -axons and dendrites- degenerate when they are severed from their cell body. Since different staining procedures distinguish between the degenerating axons and their healthy neighbors, most neuroanatomical pathways have been mapped through the follow-up of degenerating axons after spontaneous or experimental lesions at some point of the pathway. Mapping of neuroanatomical connections has been enormously enriched during the past few years, thanks to new labelling techniques with great resolution power [1]. However, the resolution of the older degeneration procedures is only limited by the extent of the lesion and the resolution of the differential staining of degenerating axons. As we will show in this report, the use of a laser to produce small lesions in the retina of birds, coupled to the detection of degenerating axons in semi-thin plastic sections [2] is allowing us to understand the relationship between axons along the optic pathway with a resolution comparable to that of “in vivo” labelling techniques

Effect of UV-B radiation on the contents of UV-B absorbing compounds and photosynthetic parameters in Parmotrema austrosinense from two contrasting habitats

We studied the resistance of Parmotrema austrosinense to UV-B stress. We focused on the effects of a high dose UV-B radiation on the content of chlorophylls, carotenoids and UV-B screening compounds. Photosynthetic parameters were measured by chlorophyll fluorescence (potential and effective quantum yields, photochemical and non-photochemical quenching) and evaluated in control and UV-B-treated lichens. Lichens from two different locations in Cordoba, Argentina, were selected: (i) high altitude and dry plots at (Los Gigantes) and (ii) lowland high salinity plots (Salinas Grandes). UV-B treatment led to a decrease in the content of photosynthetic pigments and UV-B screens (absorbance decrease in 220–350 nm) in the samples from Salinas Grandes, while in Los Gigantes samples, an increase in UV-B screen content was observed. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed a UV-B-induced decline in FV/FM, ΦPSII and qP indicating limitation of primary photosynthetic processes in photosystem II (PSII) of symbiotic alga, more pronounced in Salinas Grandes samples. Protective mechanism of PSII were activated by the UV-B treatment to a higher extent in samples from Salinas Grandes (NPQ 0.48) than in Los Gigantes samples (NPQ 0.26). We concluded that site-related characteristics, and in particular different UV-B radiation regimen, had a strong effect on resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus of P. austrosinense to UV-B radiation.Fil: Barták, M.. Masaryk University; República ChecaFil: Pláteníková, E.. Masaryk University; República ChecaFil: Carreras, Hebe Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Hájek, J.. Masaryk University. Faculty Of Sciences; República ChecaFil: Morkusová, J.. Masaryk University. Faculty Of Sciences; República ChecaFil: Mateos, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Marecková, M.. Masaryk University. Faculty Of Sciences; República Chec

Two distributions of axons in the optic nerve of quails: a study of nerve degeneraron after láser lesions of the retina

Order in the optic pathway has been under cióse scrutiny since the last century. In fishes, the position of the axons along the optic nerve is a function of the position or of the age of the corresponding neu- ronal body in the retina5’12’13. However, in cats, optic axons only show a crude retinotopic order8. Our observations in the quail showed the existence of at least two kinds of axons according to their position in the optic nerve. Although some axons were found in cióse spatial relationship with others originating in the same región of the retina, other axons occupied positions independent of their site of origin in the retina

Human sperm subpopulations: relationship between functional quality and protein tyrosine phosphorylation

Human semen is composed of a heterogeneous population of sperm with varying degrees of structural and functional differentiation and normality, which result in subpopulations of different quality. Using a discontinuous Percoll gradient, we separated three subsets of sperm [(45%; L45), (65%; L65) and (90%; L90) fractions] from normozoospermic human semen samples from healthy donors and proceeded to characterize their morphology, motility and hyperactivation, as well as their ability to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation under capacitating conditions.Fil: Buffone, Mariano Gabriel. Laboratorio de Estudios en Reproducción; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Doncel, G. F.. Eastern Virginia Medical School; Estados UnidosFil: Marin Briggiler, Clara Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Monica Hebe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Calamera, J. C.. Laboratorio de Estudios en Reproducción; Argentin

Daytime Sky Quality at El Leoncito, Argentina

We characterize the daytime sky quality in terms of brightness, cloud coverage, and main weather variables at the Carlos Ulrico Cesco station of the Felix Aguilar Astronomical Observatory (OAFA), located in El Leoncito National Park, San Juan, Argentina. We have collected more than 15 years of daily observations from the auxiliary sky brightness detectors of the Mirror Coronagraph for Argentina (MICA, in operations from 1997 to 2012), including daily observing reports. We additionally present data from two meteorological stations operated at the site from 2000 to 2020. We determine the main statistical properties and seasonal variability of daytime sky brightness, clear sky time fraction (CSTF), precipitable water vapor (WV), temperature, humidity, and wind speed, which are relevant for solar, particularly coronal observations. Our results confirm that El Leoncito is an excellent place to perform daytime astronomical observations. We measure a median sky brightness of 15.8 ppm, estimated at 526.0 ± 1.0 nm and 6 solar radii from the solar disk center; a median CSTF of 0.7; and a median WV below 6 mm. These values, and those of other relevant weather variables, are comparable to the levels found among the best astronomical observing sites in the world. Due to the extended period of time analyzed and high sampling frequency, the novel data and results presented in this report contribute to the analysis and interpretation of historical sky brightness data and are of great value for the future planning of daytime astronomical instrumentation at El Leoncito.Fil: Iglesias, F. A.. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ingenieria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Francile, Carlos Natale. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Informática. Observatorio Astronómico Félix Aguilar; ArgentinaFil: Lazarte Gelmetti, J.. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Balmaceda, L. A.. George Mason University. School Of Physics. Astronomy And Computational Sciences; Estados Unidos. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados UnidosFil: Cremades Fernandez, Maria Hebe. Universidad de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cisterna, F.. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ingenieria; Argentin

Cirurgia estapédica na otosclerose: análise retrospectiva de resultados

Objectivo: Relatar os resultados auditivos da cirurgia estapédica na otosclerose numa serie consecutiva de 99 ouvidos. Materiais e métodos: Revisão retrospectiva dos processos clínicos de 84 pacientes consecutivos, submetidos a estapedectomia (99 ouvidos) num Hospital Distrital. Resultados: O gap aero-ósseo(AO) médio de 4 frequências (0.5, 1, 2 e 4 KHz) no pós-operatório foi de 5,4 dB. O gap AO pre-operatório menos o gap AO pós-operatório (ganho auditivo) foi de 23,1 dB. Obteve-se um gap AO pós-operatório <10 dB em 87,5% dos casos. Ocorreu uma perda auditiva sensorioneural pós-operatória significativa(>15 dB) em 5,9% dos caso. Conclusão: Os nossos resultados confirmam a eficácia e segurança da cirurgia estapédica na otosclerose

Large non-radial propagation of a coronal mass ejection on 2011 January 24

Understanding the deflection of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is of great interest to the space weather community because of their implications for improving the prediction of CME. This paper aims to shed light into the effects of the coronal magnetic field environment on CME trajectories. We analyze the influence of the magnetic environment on the early development of a particular CME event. On 2011 January 24 an eruptive filament was ejected in association with a CME that suffered a large deflection from its source region and expected trajectory. We characterize the 3D evolution of the prominence material using the tie-pointing/triangulation reconstruction technique on EUV and white-light images. To estimate the coordinates in 3D space of the apex of the CME we use a forward-modeling technique that reproduces the large-scale structure of the flux rope-like CME, the Graduated Cylindrical Shell model. We found that the deflection amounts to 42° in latitude and 20° in longitude and that most of it occurs at altitudes below 4R⊙. Moreover, we found a non-negligible deflection at higher altitudes. Combining images of different wavelengths with the extrapolated magnetic field obtained from a potential field source surface model we confirm the presence of two magnetic structures near the erupting event. The magnetic field environment suggests that field lines from the southern coronal hole act as a magnetic wall that produces the large latitudinal deflection; while a nearby pseudostreamer and a northward extension of the southern coronal hole may be responsible for the eastward deflection of the CME.Fil: Cécere, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Sieyra, María Valeria. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cremades Fernandez, Maria Hebe. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mierla, M.. Institute of Geodynamics of the Romanian Academy; BélgicaFil: Sahade, Abril. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Stenborg, G.. Spece Sciences División. Naval Research Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Costa, A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: West, M. J.. Royal Observatory Of Belgium; BélgicaFil: D'Huys, E.. Royal Observatory Of Belgium; Bélgic

Neoplasms of minor salivary gland - Retrospective study

Objectivos: Análise descritiva dos casos de neoplasias das glândulas salivares minor tratados no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do IPO de Lisboa, e comparação dos resultados com o que está descrito na literatura. Metodologia: Análise retrospectiva de todos os casos com diagnóstico histológico de neoplasia das glândulas salivares minor das cavidade nasal, cavidade oral, laringe e faringe, que ocorreram durante o período entre Outubro de 1992 a Novembro de 2015, tratados no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Francisco Gentil. Resultados : Foram documentados 58 casos de neoplasia das glândulas salivares minor, 60% ocorreram em indivíduos do sexo feminino e 40% ocorreram no sexo masculino, com um média de idades de 57 anos. O sintoma mais frequente na cavidade nasal foi a obstrução nasal, na cavidade oral a presença de úlcera ou tumefacção, e na orofaringe a dor. Os tipos histológicos mais comuns foram o carcinoma adenoide quístico (33%), o adenocarcinoma polimórfico (24%) e o carcinoma mucoepidermóide (22%). A orofaringe foi o local mais comum destas neoplasias. A cirurgia foi o tratamento de 1ª linha em 93% dos casos e 52% realizaram radioterapia adjuvante. A recidiva ocorreu em 20% dos casos. A mortalidade relacionada com o tumor foi de 7%. Conclusões: As neoplasias das glândulas salivares minor são pouco frequentes, sendo as mais comuns o carcinoma adenoide quístico, o adenocarcinoma pleomórfico e o carcinoma mucoepidermóide. O tratamento cirúrgico é efetivo isoladamente em muitos casos. A mortalidade está relacionada com o estadio e com o tipo histológico do tumor.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Neoplasms of minor salivary gland - Retrospective study

Objectivos: Análise descritiva dos casos de neoplasias das glândulas salivares minor tratados no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do IPO de Lisboa, e comparação dos resultados com o que está descrito na literatura. Metodologia: Análise retrospectiva de todos os casos com diagnóstico histológico de neoplasia das glândulas salivares minor das cavidade nasal, cavidade oral, laringe e faringe, que ocorreram durante o período entre Outubro de 1992 a Novembro de 2015, tratados no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Francisco Gentil. Resultados : Foram documentados 58 casos de neoplasia das glândulas salivares minor, 60% ocorreram em indivíduos do sexo feminino e 40% ocorreram no sexo masculino, com um média de idades de 57 anos. O sintoma mais frequente na cavidade nasal foi a obstrução nasal, na cavidade oral a presença de úlcera ou tumefacção, e na orofaringe a dor. Os tipos histológicos mais comuns foram o carcinoma adenoide quístico (33%), o adenocarcinoma polimórfico (24%) e o carcinoma mucoepidermóide (22%). A orofaringe foi o local mais comum destas neoplasias. A cirurgia foi o tratamento de 1ª linha em 93% dos casos e 52% realizaram radioterapia adjuvante. A recidiva ocorreu em 20% dos casos. A mortalidade relacionada com o tumor foi de 7%. Conclusões: As neoplasias das glândulas salivares minor são pouco frequentes, sendo as mais comuns o carcinoma adenoide quístico, o adenocarcinoma pleomórfico e o carcinoma mucoepidermóide. O tratamento cirúrgico é efetivo isoladamente em muitos casos. A mortalidade está relacionada com o estadio e com o tipo histológico do tumor.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the head and neck: experience from the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon

Introdução: O melanoma maligno da mucosa (MMM) é uma doença rara com mau prognóstico. Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo de 32 doentes do Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil de Lisboa com MMM da cabeça e pescoço, no período de 1998 a 2012. Resultados: Dos 32 casos analisados a idade média foi de 70 anos. O tumor primário localizou-se na cavidade nasal e seios peri-nasais em 24 doentes e na cavidade oral em 8 casos. A maioria dos doentes (23) foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico. Destes, 16 foram propostos para terapêutica complementar com Radioterapia. O tempo de seguimento variou de 26 dias a 10 anos. A sobrevida aos 5 anos foi de 18%. Conclusões: A maioria dos doentes apresentou um estadio avançado na altura do diagnóstico e, apesar dos tratamentos instituídos, verificou-se uma elevada mortalidade. O tratamento de escolha é a cirurgia. O papel da radioterapia continua a ser controverso.Introduction: Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck is an uncommon disease with poor prognosis. Material and Methods: Retrospective chart review of 32 patients treated for head and neck mucosal melanoma in a cancer center from 1998 to 2012. Results: There were 32 cases with an average age of 70. The primary tumor was located in the nasal cavity in 24 patients and in the oral cavity in 8 patients. The majority of patients (23) underwent surgical treatment. Of these, 16 were proposed for adjunctive therapy with radiotherapy. Follow-up time ranged between 26 days to 10 years. The five year survival rate was 18%. Conclusions: The majority of patients had an advanced stage at diagnosis and despite the treatments here was a high rate of mortality. The treatment of choice is surgery. The role of radiation therapy remains controversial