ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background. One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic nephropathy (DN).  Angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) gene was the first candidate gene of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for predisposition to DN.Objective. Investigation whether the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with nephropathy. In addition, the study investigated the relationship between variants of ACE I/D gene polymorphism and serum ACE level and the progression of nephropathy in Egyptian T2DM patients.Methods.  A total of 85 T2DM patients (45 with nephropathy and 40 without nephropathy) besides 45 healthy (non-diabetic) age-matched subjects were recruited in this study for comparison. The (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was investigated using PCR and serum ACE levels were determined using ELISA.Results. The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele was significantly higher in DN patients when compared to control healthy subjects and diabetic patients without nephropathy. In addition our results showed a significant association between DD genotype of ACE gene and elevated serum ACE level.Conclusion. The present study showing a strong association between the D allele and/or DD homozygous of ACE gene and diabetic patients developed nephropathy. In addition, individuals with D allele have higher levels of serum ACE compared to those having I allele. ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level may serve as a susceptibility biomarker for nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Â

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) gene expression in a cohort of adult Egyptian patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive clonal disease, is genetically heterozygous. The prognostic role of expression of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) gene, which behaves as a multidrug transporter, in adult AML is ambiguous. Objective: The objective is to assess the level of mRNA expression of BCRP gene in newly diagnosed cytogenetically normal adult Egyptian AML patients; and to clarify its potential influence and association between therapeutic responsiveness and disease free survival.Methods: The BCRP gene expression was evaluated by quantifying its mRNA using real time RT-PCR in fifty newly diagnosed cytogenetically normal adult AML patients and 20 healthy normal controls. The expression was evaluated in relation to clinical and prognostic factors, response to treatment and the survival rate. Results: BCRP mRNA was over expressed in adult AML patients compared to controls. This study showed a positive statistical correlation between BCRP gene expression and the percent of CD34 expression. Statistical analysis did not reveal  any association between BCRP expression level and chemotherapeutic responsiveness or disease free survival rate. Conclusion: The significance of BCRP gene expression and its function in AML is very complicated, therefore more standardized clinical studies are needed.Keywords: BCRP, adult AML, gene expression, prognosis, Egypt

PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C AMONG EGYPTIAN CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND THE ROLE OF IL28B GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN SPONTANEOUS VIRAL CLEARANCE

Background and objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major health problem in Egypt with its prevalence estimated to be 14.7% among general population in 2008. Patients receiving frequent blood transfusions like sickle cell disease (SCD) are more exposed to the risk of acquiring HCV. IL28B gene polymorphisms have been associated with spontaneous HCV clearance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among children with SCD and to study the relation between IL28B gene polymorphisms and spontaneous HCV clearance. Methods: Seventy SCD patients were screened for HCV antibody. HCV positive patients were tested for the level of HCV RNA using quantitative real time PCR. IL28B polymorphisms (rs 12979860 SNP and rs 12980275 SNP) were detected using Taqman QRT-PCR and sequence specific primers PCR respectively. Results: Sixteen patients (23%) were HCV antibody positive, 9 of them (56.3%) had undetectable HCV RNA in serum and 7 (43.7%) had persistent viremia. Genotypes CC/CT/TT of rs12979860 were found in 30 (42.9%), 29 (41.4%) and 11 (15.7%) and rs12980275 AA/AG/GG were found in 8 (11.4%), 59 (84.3%) and 3 (4.3%).  There was no significant difference in the frequency of IL28B (rs 12979860 and rs12980275) genotypes among HCV patients who cleared the virus and those with persistent viremia (p=0.308 and 0.724 respectively).  Conclusion: Egyptian SCD patients have high prevalence of HCV. Muti-transfused patients still exposed to a risk of transmission of HCV. IL28B gene polymorphisms are not associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV in this cohort of Egyptian children with SCD

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) gene expression in a cohort of adult Egyptian patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive clonal disease, is genetically heterozygous. The prognostic role of expression of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) gene, which behaves as a multidrug transporter, in adult AML is ambiguous. Objective: The objective is to assess the level of mRNA expression of BCRP gene in newly diagnosed cytogenetically normal adult Egyptian AML patients; and to clarify its potential influence and association between therapeutic responsiveness and disease free survival. Methods: The BCRP gene expression was evaluated by quantifying its mRNA using real time RT-PCR in fifty newly diagnosed cytogenetically normal adult AML patients and 20 healthy normal controls. The expression was evaluated in relation to clinical and prognostic factors, response to treatment and the survival rate. Results: BCRP mRNA was over expressed in adult AML patients compared to controls. This study showed a positive statistical correlation between BCRP gene expression and the percent of CD34 expression. Statistical analysis did not reveal any association between BCRP expression level and chemotherapeutic responsiveness or disease free survival rate. Conclusion: The significance of BCRP gene expression and its function in AML is very complicated, therefore more standardized clinical studies are needed

The impact of cultural healthcare practices on Children’s health in the United Arab Emirates: a qualitative study of traditional remedies and implications

AimThis qualitative study investigates the impact of cultural practices on children’s health in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) by examining the use of traditional remedies and home treatments by mothers.MethodsTwenty-five participants, all mothers who had employed traditional treatments or home remedies for their children during periods of illness, were included in the study. The participants represented a diverse range of educational backgrounds, from school diploma holders to university degree graduates, with ages spanning from 20 to 50 years. Hailing from different Arabic countries and cultural subgroups, the majority of participating mothers were from the UAE.ResultsThrough in-depth interviews, three major themes emerged from the participants’ experiences. Firstly, a strong connection between culture, religion, and healthcare practices was evident. Many mothers opted for cultural remedies as their first line of defense against illnesses due to the practices’ strong foundations in their cultural heritage. Herbal remedies, Quranic healing, and other traditional methods were perceived to be both effective and spiritually comforting, reinforcing participants’ sense of cultural identity. Secondly, participants highlighted unintended consequences of relying solely on traditional treatments. Some instances were reported where the use of ineffective remedies resulted in delays in seeking appropriate medical care for their children, potentially compromising their health. Additionally, certain misconceptions regarding the safety and efficacy of traditional remedies were identified, emphasizing the need for evidence-based healthcare education.ConclusionThis qualitative study sheds light on the intricate interplay between culture, traditional remedies, and children’s health in the UAE. The incorporation of diverse participants from various Arabic countries and cultural subgroups enriches the study’s applicability to broader Arabic cultures. By recognizing the significance of cultural healthcare practices and striking a balance with evidence-based care, healthcare providers can create a more inclusive and effective healthcare environment for children in the UAE. Future research should explore diverse samples and develop targeted interventions to further advance cultural awareness and understanding in healthcare practices

Evaluation study for the Teaching performance of Faculty members of Educational Media Departments from view point of departments heads and students.

تحرص المجتمعات المعاصرة على تطوير نُظمها التعليمية لتحقيق أعلى درجات التميز في المخرج التعليمي؛ فهناك حاجة لاستخدام أساليب حديثة وفعالة في التدريس، وقد أصبحت قضية الأداء التدريسي لأعضاء هيئة التدريس موضع اهتمام المعنيين بالتعليم العالي على الصعيدين الإقليمي والعالمي لمواجهة بعض تحديات القرن الحادي والعشرين من خلال رفع نوعية الأداء التدريسي لأعضاء هيئة التدريس وتحسين كفاءتهم حيث يعد عضو هيئة التدريس في مؤسسات التعليم العالي عنصراً فعالاً و رئيساً في جودة البرامج والأنشطة  التدريسية؛ لذلك فإن تقويمهم خاصة في الجانب التدريسي يعد في غاية الأهمية لتحقيق أهداف الجامعة التي تهتم بكفاءة وفاعلية أعضاء هيئة التدريس من حيث المهارات التدريسية والكفايات اللازمة لهم، وتقويم أدائهم والوقوف على جوانب القصور والقوة في ممارساتهم التدريسية، وعلى الرغم من تلك الجهود التي تبذل في هذا المجال إلا أن الأداء التدريسي في واقعه الحالي لا يزال بعيداً عن تحقيق الأهداف المنشودة، مما يدعو إلى ضرورة التوجه للعمل الجاد للرقي بكفاءة الأداء التدريسي  لتحقيق مستوى عال من الجودة والتميز في الأداء، حيث هدف البحث الحالي إلى توضيح واقع أدائهم  التدريسي ووضع تصور مقترح لتقويمه في ضوء نتائج الدراسة الميدانية، ونتائج الدراسات السابقة العربية والأجنبية، وتم استخدام أداه الاستبانة والمقابلات الشخصية ، كما تم الاستعانة بالمنهج الوصفي التحليلي بشقيه الكمي والكيفي، وتحددت أهمية البحث في أنه قد يسهم في تطوير الأداء التدريسي لأعضاء أقسام الإعلام التربوي لتحسين جودة العملية التعليمية لمواكبة تحديات العصر. وتكونت مجتمع البحث وحدوده من جميع رؤساء أقسام الإعلام التربوي الحاليين والسابقين بكليات التربية النوعية بجامعات القاهرة ، وعين شمس، وبنها، والمنوفية،والمنصورة (عينة عمديه)،حيث طبق في الفترة من أكتوبر 2018 حتى يناير 2019 بمحافظات (القاهرة- المنصورة- القليوبية- المنوفية). وأسفرت أهم النتائج عن ضعف التزام أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالساعات المكتبية، فضلاً عن ضعف تنوع أساليب التقويم المستخدمة، كما أن توصيف المقررات جاء بعيد عن الحداثة والتجديد، في حين جاء التفاعل بين الأساتذة والطلاب بنسبة متوسطة من خلال المناقشة بالمحاضرات والتكليفات، كما شملت أسئلة الامتحان معظم محاور المقررات الدراسية بنسبة مرتفعة  الكلمات الدلالية:   الأداء التدريسي ، دراسة تقويمية ،الإعلام التربوي .Abstract: Modern Societies are keen to develop their educational systems to achieve the highest degree of excellence of educational output. There is a need for modern and effective methods of teaching. the teaching performance for department members has become the focus of regional and global higher education to face the challenges of the 21st century by raising The quality of the teaching performance of the faculty members and improving their efficiency, so the problem of research was identified the reality of the teaching performance of the educational Media members in the faculties of specific education in Egypt and addressing it’s insufficiency. This search may contribute to the development of teaching performance of media educational departments members to improve the quality of the educational process to keep up with the age challenges. It also aims to develop a proposed scenario for evaluating their performance in the light of the field study results and the results of previous Arab and foreign studies. For that the research used descriptive approach, questionnaire tool and interviews, also used analytical descriptive method with its both branches quantitative and qualitative. The research sample consists of all the heads of the current and former educational media departments of the specific education faculties in the universities of Cairo, Ain Shams, Banha, Menoufia and Mansoura. The questionnaire was used and sent to the sample members and received from them after filling. (52) members of the research community. After receiving and reviewing the questionnaires and excluding the invalid ones for analysis, it was found that the number of questionnaires to be analyzed was (46) questionnaires. The study results shown that office hours of professors are not enough. Moreover the methods of teaching are traditional, also courses are very old, while the interaction between professors and students during lectures are good, The results also shown that the exam questions are included most subjects of the courses, also there were strong relationship between professors in the departments of educational media, as well as weak link between the theoretical and practical sides. Moreover, there are week electronic communicate between the professors and the students, and the results showed moderate of the evaluation methods varieties well.   The results of the sample concluded that the information is delivered to students through the professors through many types of tools in the lectures, while the students of the educational media showed the relationships are not strong with their professors, especially during the training at schools, also the interaction between two sides theoretically and practically came low.  Key words:  Teaching performance, evaluation study, educational media

The role of smart schools to face counterfeiting media Forms in its teacher’s point of view.

ملخص: في ظل تطور وسائل الاتصال وتجاوز حاجز الزمان والمكان زادت مخاطر تلك الوسائل وأساء بعض الأفراد استخدامها، ومن تلك المخاطر السرقة الإلكترونية، والتشهير بالسمعة، وانتشار ظاهرة العزلة الاجتماعية... وغيرها، وأصبح دور المدرسة أكثر صعوبة، كما أن تناول موضوع أساليب التزييف الإعلامي مهم بالمجتمع المصري بالفترة الحالية خاصة مع التغيرات السياسية والاجتماعية التي يشهدها.  لذلك هدف البحث إلى التعرف على دور المدرسة الذكية في التصدي لأساليب التزييف الإعلامي التي تنشر عبر وسائل الإعلام الإلكتروني حيث تم الاستعانة بالمنهج الوصفي بعينة عشوائية قوامها (192) مبحوث من معلمي المدارس الذكية، وتم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية بمحافظتي القاهرة والجيزة في الفترة من ابريل – مايو2018، واستخدمت أداة الاستبيان والمقابلات الشخصية لجمع البيانات. كما تركز أسئلة البحث على تحديد مفهوم المدرسة الذكية، وأهدافها، وأهميتها، وعرض أساليب التزييف الإعلامي المختلفة، وتوضيح دور المعلم والإدارة المدرسية الذكية في مواجهتها. وتتناول الأسئلة البحثية كذلك المعوقات والمتطلبات اللازمة لقيام المدرسة الذكية بدورها في مواجهة أشكال التزييف الإعلامي من خلال الأنشطة الصفية واللاصفية. وقد أسفرت أهم النتائج عن اتفاق معظم أفراد العينة أن أكثر أساليب التزييف عبر وسائط الإعلام الإلكتروني شيوعاً التزييف بالصورة والكاريكاتور للتعتيم والتغييب، ثم التزييف بالإحصائيات واستطلاعات الرأي، يليه التزييف بالتهوين والتقليل للقضية أو التزييف بالتضخيم والتهويل للحدث. كما اتفقت معظم أراء العينة أن اقل أساليب التزييف الإعلامي شيوعا : التدليس في المصادر، ثم التزييف باستخدام مفردات معينة لإدانة أفراد أو مؤسسات، واقترحت العينة بعض الحلول التي يمكن أن تقوم بها المدرسة الذكية لمواجهة أساليب التضليل الإعلامي منها: إدراك الطالب لحقوقه ووجباته قبل التفاعل مع وسائل الإعلام الإلكتروني، وتدريبه على التدقيق في الوسيلة الإعلامية وفي الخبر المنشور، ومعرفة مصدره، و التحول نحو المدرسة المجتمعية التي تهتم بقضايا ومشكلات المجتمع وتجد حلول لها، فضلا عن تطوير البنية التحتية والتجهيزات بالمؤسسات التعليمية لمواكبة متطلبات عصر الإعلام الإلكتروني.  كما اقترحت العينة بعض الحلول التي يمكن أن تقوم بها المدرسة الذكية لمواجهة أساليب التضليل الإعلامي منها : إدراك الطالب لحقوقه ووجباته قبل التفاعل مع وسائل الإعلام الإلكتروني، وتدريبه على التدقيق في الوسيلة الإعلامية وفي الخبر المنشور، ومعرفة مصدره، والتحول نحو المدرسة المجتمعية التي تهتم بقضايا ومشكلات المجتمع وتجد حلول لها، فضلاً عن تطوير البنية التحتية والتجهيزات بالمؤسسات التعليمية لمواكبة متطلبات عصر الإعلام الإلكتروني، و توفير مخرجات على مستوى عال من التعليم والتدريب لمواكبة تحديات العصر بما تتضمنه من تحديات إعلامية، إضافةً إلى محاربة الأفكار المضللة واللغات الدخيلة والتفاعل عبر اللغة الأم. الكلمات الدلالية: المدرسة الذكية، التزييف الإعلامي، العصر الإلكتروني.Abstract: With the development of communication technologies, the risks of it and misusing it increased also, like electronic stealing, defamation, spread the social isolation phenomenon,…ext., The role of the school became very difficult. The topic of counterfeiting media Forms is important in the Egyptian society especially with political and social changes experienced. Therefore, the purpose of the study to knowing the rule of smart schools to face counterfeiting media Forms which is published on digital media. By using analytical descriptive in a sample of (192) smart schools teachers, between April- May 2018, was selected randomly from Giza and Cairo Governorates. Using a questionnaire and personal meeting tools. The research questions are focus on definition of the smart school, its importance, and its aims, moreover the study shown the role of teacher and school management in smart school to face counterfeiting media forms. In addition, the study provides the necessary requirements of smart school to face media countering forms through curricular activities and extracurricular activities. The study results shown that most of the sample agreed about the common ways of falsification throw social media are Image and caricature disinformation, then false statistics and polls, followed by miss sizing the event. In addition, the sample agreed about the less affecting ways of falsification are: fraud the sources, then using certain terms to condemn individuals or institutions. The sample suggest some solutions to face counterfeiting media Forms as following: students should know their rights and duties before interacting with social media. Also training the student to check the media and the published news, and knowing its source. Transition towards a community school that cares about the issues and problems of society and finds solutions to them. Moreover, developing the education institutions infrastructures and equipment to meet the challenges of digital education era. Also providing a high scale output from teaching and training to face the age challenges, including the media challenges, Combating misleading ideas and foreign languages, and interacting through the mother tongue. Key Words: Smart School, counterfeiting media, Electronic Age

Journalist’s Relationship with Political Authority in Egypt Case Study from 1960-2011

The study of the journalist’s relation with political authority in Egypt from 1960 to 2011 seeks to reveal, describe, analyze and interpret the journalist’s relation with political authority in Egypt during this period and to reach a model that explains the factors affecting the journalist’s relation with political authority. This is by exposing the political, legislative, social and cultural factors affecting the journalist’s relationship with political authority during the period of study. And to reveal the personal characteristics of successive political leaders during the period of study, and their role in shaping the relationship between the journalist and the political authority in Egypt. In addition to revealing the social development, personal characteristics and professional gradations of a sample of prominent journalists during the course of the study, and the role these factors played in shaping the relationship between the journalist and the political authority in Egypt. The study found that the media in general, and the press in particular, play a role in political life, whether by expressing interest groups and opinion leaders, or by relying political systems on them to reach out to the public and promote their policies at home and abroad alike. Media has also proved to be the link between the public on the one hand and political decision makers on the other. The results also confirmed that the media helps the political systems to create public opinion in favor of their policies or to mobilize public opinion against those opposing their policies, which in both cases is a dangerous and vital role. The study also revealed that the mass media can influence the minds and emotions of the public and change their attitudes and behavior in a way that serves their policies and achieves the interests and goals of the political authority. The results of the study also confirmed that the legislation and laws prevailing in each country determine the form of the relationship between the press and the political authority. The results of the study also showed that the forms of relations between journalists and politicians vary, sometimes they are confused, and sometimes stable

Pattern of vitamin D in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and in patients with bronchial asthma

Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with COPD and bronchial asthma, and the relation of vitamin D serum levels to pulmonary spirometric measures as well as other important clinical parameters that could affect quality of life in these patients. Subjects and methods: The study included 80 subjects: 30 patients with COPD and 30 patients with bronchial asthma and 20 healthy volunteers. Patients and control groups were subjected to vitamin D assay by ELISA as well as spirometric assessment. Assessment of patients with COPD was done according to GOLD guidelines 2013: using (mMRCs), CAT score, spirometric assessment of FEV1, and exacerbation assessment. They were also subjected to Combined COPD assessment and BODE index calculation. For all patients with bronchial asthma, GINA classification 2014 of bronchial asthma severity and asthma control assessment were done. Results: Statistically significant lower values of vitamin D were found in patients with COPD (11.94 ± 7.66 ng/ml) compared to patients with bronchial asthma (22.03 ± 8.19 ng/ml) with p < 0.001, while mean ± SD values of 25-hydroxy vitamin D of both groups of patients (COPD and bronchial asthma) were statistically significant lower than control group (35.21 ± 6.04 ng/ml) with (p2, p3 < 0.001) respectively. Seventeen patients that is to say (56.7%) of patients with COPD and 11 patients that is to say (36.7%) patients with bronchial asthma demonstrated a mild to moderate degree of vitamin D deficiency, whereas 13 that is to say (43.3%) patients of COPD and 4 that is to say (13.3%) patients with bronchial asthma showed severe deficiency and all control subjects (n = 20) had a normal concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and FEV1% of predicted in patients with COPD with (p = 0.002), whereas no statistically significant correlation was found between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and FEV1% of predicted in patients with bronchial asthma with (p = 0.120). Statistically significant negative correlations existed between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and exacerbation risk of patients with COPD and bronchial asthma with (rs = −0.481 and p = 0.007), and (rs = −0.496 and p = 0.005), respectively. Statistically significant negative correlations were found between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and exacerbation risk of patients with COPD and bronchial asthma with (rs = −0.481 and p = 0.007), and (rs = −0.496 and p = 0.005), respectively. Regarding relation between vitamin D level and grading severity of COPD, we found a significant correlation between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and severity of COPD as assessed by GOLD spirometric classification, with decreased serum level of vitamin D as gold severity increased (19.12 ± 4.37, 9.97 ± 7.64, 8.21 ± 5.72 ng/ml) in gold I, II, III respectively with p = 0.012. Also it was found that CAT score increased and got worse as serum level of vitamin D decreased (16.65 ± 6.98, 8.68 ± 2.27, 9.01 ± 5.67 ng/ml) in categories II, III, IV respectively with rs = −0.468 and p = 0.034, and according to Combined COPD assessment, vitamin D levels were (19.78 ± 4.66, 17.38 ± 4.59, 6.75 ± 4.77, 7.56 ± 5.83 ng/ml) in groups A, B, C and D respectively with rs = −0.448 and p = 0.001. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and BODE index score of COPD assessment with rs = −0.421, p = 0.020. According to the correlation of bronchial asthma severity and control to serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, we found a statistically significant negative correlation between mean ± SD of serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and different levels of asthma control with (rs = −0.636, p < 0.001) as well as a statistically significant negative correlation between quantification of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and levels of asthma severity with (rs = −0.875, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in COPD and bronchial asthma (100% and 50%) respectively. Low levels of vitamin D were associated with low FEV1%, frequent exacerbations in patients with COPD and bronchial asthma, and increased COPD severity as assessed by GOLD guidelines. Important statistically significant negative associations between vitamin D level and both asthma control and asthma severity according to GINA classification were also found. Thus it is advised to include vitamin D levels in the routine assessment of patients with bronchial asthma and COPD, as well as studying the importance and clinical impact of oral supplementation of vitamin D in patients with COPD and bronchial asthma should be an important goal of future research

Assessment the efficacy of some herbes in the prevention of steroid induced hepatopathy in dog

Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the treatment and prevention of steroid- induced hepatopathy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the ability of some herbes to reduce the steroid- induced hepatopathy. Twenty mongrel dogs were included in the experimental study. Dogs were divided into four groups each group consisting of five animals; Group I received dexamethasone, Group II received dexamethasone and concentrated milk thistle (silymarin), Group III received dexamethasone and L-carnitine, Group IV received dexamethasone and liquorice powder. Clinical, blood samples, ultrasound were done on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. Haemato- biochemical analysis  indicated a significant increase in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and hematocrit value, a significant decrease in white blood cells count, a significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and a significant increase in total protein and albumin levels in silymarin treated Group II, L-carnitine treated Group III and liquorice treated Group IV compared to Group I. Ultrasonography revealed an increase in echogenicity of liver parenchyma in hepatopathic induced dogs and returned to nearly normal in Group II and Group III. In conclusion, the medicinal plants have a potential effect in treatment and prevention of steroid induced hepatopathy