Understanding Current Occupational Therapy Practice Behaviors and Knowledge relating to Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: An exploratory, cross-sectional survey

Currently literature suggests the underutilization of occupational therapy with individuals at-risk for or suffering from Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). The purpose of this study was to create a better understanding of Occupational Therapists’ current knowledge and practice behaviors regarding PICS

Influence of Aqueous Extract of Red Chillis Pepper as Curative for Gastric Ulcer in Albino Rats

The present study was carried out elucidate the effect of aqueous extracts of red chillis pepper (Capsicum frutescence) at three doses on the length of gastric ulcer induced by aspirin in rats. Thirty adult male albino rats (Sprague Dawley Strain) weight 175±5g were used and divided into 5 groups, each of 6 rats. The first group was used as a control negative (-ve) and fed on the basal ration only, other groups had given aspirin orally (200 mg/kg B.Wt.), one of these groups left as control +ve (ulcerated rats) and other groups administrated with aqueous extract of red chillis pepper (RCP) at doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg B.Wt. for seven days. The length of gastric ulcer, volume of gastric juice, pH value and histopathological changes of gastric were examined. The results revealed that oral administration of RCP extract at 250, 500 and 750mg/kg B.Wt. reduced the length of gastric ulcer. On the other hand, all extracts increased pH value of gastric juice compared to control (-ve) group, meanwhile the volume of gastric juice decreased by plant extracts specially for rats feed on RCP at dose 750 mg\Kg B.Wt. Oral administration of water plant extracts decreased histopathological changes in the stomach layers and mucosa. The present study suggests that, Capsicum frutescence could be used for healing acute gastric ulcer disease and implemented for gastric ulcer patients. Key words: aqueous extracts, Capsicum frutecens, aspirin ulcer, stomach, histopathological changes, pH value and gastric juice

The Uses of Bony Mini Plate Osteosynthesis with or without Intermaxillary Fixation in Mandibular Fractures. A Comparison Study and Literature Review

This is a comparison study between two types of treatment to the mandibular fracture one group were treated with traditiona

Microbiome diversity in African American, European American, and Egyptian colorectal cancer patients

Purpose: Although there is an established role for microbiome dysbiosis in the pathobiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), CRC patients of various race/ethnicities demonstrate distinct clinical behaviors. Thus, we investigated microbiome dysbiosis in Egyptian, African American (AA), and European American (EA) CRC patients. Patients and methods: CRCs and their corresponding normal tissues from Egyptian (n = 17) patients of the Alexandria University Hospital, Egypt, and tissues from AA (n = 18) and EA (n = 19) patients at the University of Alabama at Birmingham were collected. DNA was isolated from frozen tissues, and the microbiome composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Differential microbial abundance, diversity, and metabolic pathways were identified using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analyses. Additionally, we compared these profiles with our previously published microbiome data derived from Kenyan CRC patients. Results:Differential microbiome analysis of CRCs across all racial/ethnic groups showed dysbiosis. There were high abundances of Herbaspirillum and Staphylococcus in CRCs of Egyptians, Leptotrichia in CRCs of AAs, Flexspiria and Streptococcus in CRCs of EAs, and Akkermansia muciniphila and Prevotella nigrescens in CRCs of Kenyans (LDA score \u3e4, adj. p-value Conclusions: Our findings showed altered mucosa-associated microbiome profiles of CRCs and their metabolic pathways across racial/ethnic groups. These findings provide a basis for future studies to link racial/ethnic microbiome differences with distinct clinical behaviors in CRC

Erfahrungen mit der laparoskopischen Appendektomie als Routinererfahren zur Behandlung der Appendizitis.

Appendectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in surgical practice with an incidence between 100 and 130 per 100.000 of population each year in the Western world. Over the course of many years, the open appendectomy became established as the gold standard for treatment of patients with acute appendicitis, with few associated risks and complications. Recently, minimally invasive surgery has gained in popularity. Until now, the laparoscopic appendectomy has not been adapted as the standard surgical approach to the same extent as has the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This retrospective study included all patients who underwent an appendectomy from January 1999 until the end of June 2006 in DRK Westend Hospital in Berlin. A total of 1473 patients had appendectomy surgery during the period of the study. 1350 patients were completed as laparoscopic procedures, 47 were converted to conventional appendectomies and 76 patients were operated upon with a conventional procedure. In the course of the study more appendectomies have been performed laparoscopically as a result of the increasing amount of experience gained in laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic appendectomy appears to be safe and feasible and can be safely performed on patients with previous open abdominal operations in the upper and lower abdomen. Through increasing experience in laparoscopic technique, patients with complicated appendicitis and perforated appendicitis can be managed safely with laparoscopic procedures. Patients with perforated and complicated appendicitis had longer operating times, a higher rate of postoperative complications and longer postoperative stays. Most of the patients who underwent reoperation had perforated and complicated appendicitis. Laparoscopy was the common form of reintervention for the patients requiring reoperation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Conversion to conventional appendectomy decreased significantly with increasing in experience in laparoscopic surgery, therefore the conversion rate decreased throughout the years of the study. Most patients who underwent conversion were patients with perforated appendicitis, peritonitis and patients with an appendix in the retrocecal position. An analysis of the three different methods for appendiceal stump closure (Endo- GIA, Endo-Loop and clips) showed that there is no significant difference between these three methods in regard to postoperative complications and reoperation. The higher cost of laparoscopic appendectomy compared to conventional appendectomy can be reduced if the price of the materials and instruments for each method are taken into consideration. Surgeons in training can safely and effectively perform laparoscopic appendectomies under close supervision from experienced surgeons. Together with the already established laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy can be considered as a teaching procedure in the field of laparoscopic surgery.Die Appendektomie ist seit Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts in der westlichen Welt die häufigste Notfalloperation in der Allgemeinchirurgie (100–130 Fälle/Kalenderjahr/100,000 Einwohner). Über hundert Jahre lang war die offene Appendektomie das Standardverfahren für die akute Appendizitis: Niedriges Operationsrisiko und geringe postoperative Komplikationsrate. Erst in den 90-iger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts bekam auch die laparoskopische Appendektomie Anhänger, jedoch fand sie nie eine vergleichbar hohe Akzeptanz wie die laparoskopische Cholezystektomie. Die vorliegende retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie beschreibt alle Patienten mit Appendektomie der DRK Kliniken Berlin I Westend von Januar 1999 bis Juni 2006. Insgesamt waren es 1473 Patienten, wovon 1350 laparoskopisch, 76 primär offen und 47 offen nach laparoskopischem Beginn (Konversion) operiert wurden. Im untersuchten Patientengut gab es mehr Männer als Frauen, die größte Altersgruppe lag zwischen 10 und 20 Jahren. Während des Untersuchungszeitraums nahm mit Zunahme der laparoskopischen Erfahrung der prozentuale Anteil an laparoskopisch durchgeführten Appendektomien zu. Die Daten der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigen, dass ebenso wie die offene auch die laparoskopische Appendektomie als Standardverfahren in einer Klinik durchgeführt werden kann. Mit zunehmender Operationserfahrung können auch Patienten mit komplizierter Appendizitis oder Perforation laparoskopisch operiert werden, allerdings ist in diesen Fällen die Operationszeit länger, die Rate von postoperativen Komplikationen höher und der postoperative Krankenhausaufenthalt länger als bei den unkomplizierten Fällen. Auch die meisten Patienten mit Revisionsoperationen hatten schon als Primärdiagnose entweder „komplizierte Appendizitis“ oder „perforierte Appendizitis“. Auch die Revisionsoperation lässt sich in der Regel sowohl zur Diagnostik wie Therapie als Re-Laparoskopie durchführen. Die Zahl der „Konversionen“, d.h. Operationen, die laparoskopisch begonnen wurden und dann offen weitergeführt werden mussten, hatten mit zunehmender Erfahrung deutlich abgenommen. Konversionsgründe waren zu Anfang der Beobachtungsstudie: perforierte Appendizitis, Peritonitis oder retrocoecal gelegene Appendix. Die Ergebnisse zeigen keine signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Sicherheit der Appendix-Stumpfversorgung (Endo-GIA, ENDO-Loop oder Clip-Verschluss), weder was postoperative Komplikationen noch was Revisionseingriffe betrifft. Die höheren Operationskosten für die laparoskopische Appendektomie ergeben sich aus den Kosten für die verwendeten Instrumente und Materialien. Die laparoskopische Appendektomie zeigt sich unter Anleitung des Erfahrenen als geeignete Trainingsoperation in der Ausbildung, einschließlich Notfalleingriff. Insofern kann die laparoskopische Appendektomie neben der laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie als weitere Trainingsoperation für die Minimal-Invasive Chirurgie eingestuft werden

Predicting The Geometrical Disassembly Feasibility Of Mechanical Assemblies In Design Phase

Disassembly of products has gained more and more attention due to the economic, environmental, and social benefits and the contribution to the protection of natural resources [1]. Where, disassembly is the first and usually the most critical and challenging process in most recovery processes (i.e. remanufacturing, reuse, maintenance, and recycling processes) which are essential reverse flows in circular economy systems. As policies, regulations, products, and systems move towards and strive for a circular economy, it is increasingly vital that disassembly analysis, models, and methods are feasible during development and manufacturing life-cycle stages. However, checking disassembly feasibility is considered a critical step [2, 3] in determining the geometrical feasible disassembly sequence. Thus, today\u27s designers need new tools allowing them in the early stage of assembly’s life (i.e. design phase) generating, evaluating, and verifying the feasibility of disassembling an assembly, determining disassembly sequence feasible in geometrical aspects, and predicting the change that happens in the geometrical disassemble feasibility in the assembly’s lifetime due to corrosion. In this dissertation, I worked on determining geometrical feasible disassembly sequences by checking the disassemble feasibility of components of an assembly by considering the types of relationships among components and summarizing all these disassembly sequences in one precedence matrix. Then, using the developed precedence matrix in predicting the change in geometrical disassemble feasibility that may happen due to corrosion between assembly’s’ parts in active lifetime of the assembly. In Chapter 2, we focused on using component interaction data from CAD design models to automatically extract critical disassembly information for contact and non-contact assembly’s parts. In Chapter 3, we focused on construct a precedence matrix from proven collision tests of contact, non-contact constraints. In Chapter 4, we focused on predicting changes in the geometrical disassemble feasibility of an assembly during its lifetime in early design phase. The success of this work improves the design of disassembly while it provides tools for designers to know the geometrical feasible disassembly sequences and know make the do a recommendation for the best time in assemblies’ lifetime to disassemble it and get the most of its part intact to reused the assemblies parts in future recovery processes

Experimental study of acoustic emission technique for concrete defect detection

The process of structural health monitoring (SHM) involves monitoring a structure over a period of time using appropriate sensors, extracting damage sensitive features from the measurements made by the sensors and analysing these features to determine the current state of the structure. Various techniques are available for structural health monitoring of structures and acoustic emission (AE) is one technique that is finding an increasing use. Acoustic emission waves are the stress waves generated by the mechanical deformation of materials. AE waves produced inside a structure can be recorded by means of sensors attached on the surface. Analysis of these recorded signals can locate and assess the extent of damage. This project describes studies on the AE technique for health monitoring of concrete structures. Crack initiation or structural damage will result in wave propagation in solid and this can take place in various forms. Propagation of these waves is likely to be affected by the dimensions, surface properties and shape of the specimen. This, in turn, will affect source localization. Various laboratory test results will be presented on source localization, using pencil lead break tests. The results from the tests can be expected to aid in enhancement of knowledge of acoustic emission process and development of effective concrete structure diagnostics system

Optimisation of polymer concrete for the manufacture of the precision tool machines bases

One of the main operational drawbacks of the polymer concrete (PC) bases of precision tool machines is the high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The non-uniform distribution of thermal expansion for the base under operational conditions induces high variation in the deflections on the base rails. The rails have direct contact with other mechanical components that hold the workspace in precision tool machines, impacting negatively on their accuracy. Reducing the CTE of the PC base to reach the CTE of the metal inserts (rails, pads, stands etc.) is essential to enhance the accuracy of the precision machine. Other parameters affecting performance directly such as damping ratio, flexural strength, moisture, dimethyl aniline (DMA) (promoter) and maturity need to be optimized to improve the PC used in the base of precision tool machines. In the present study, optimization of the PC base was undertaken according to the application requirements. The optimization process started with the optimization of the resin monomeric composition to lay the ground for further optimization of the PC aggregate composition

TGCW34 The Relationship Between the

This document sets out all the tags defined by [13, II:22, The TEI Header], and states if and how they are used in the BNC text and corpus headers. Where necessary, tags defined elsewhere in [13] are also referenced. Tags which may occur at multiple points in the header are referenced as many times as necessary