12 research outputs found
ANALYSIS AND EXPLORATION OF FARMERS’ PSYCHOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
Genetic variation and marker−trait association affect the genomic selection prediction accuracy of soybean protein and oil content
IntroductionGenomic selection (GS) is a potential breeding approach for soybean improvement.MethodsIn this study, GS was performed on soybean protein and oil content using the Ridge Regression Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (RR-BLUP) based on 1,007 soybean accessions. The SoySNP50K SNP dataset of the accessions was obtained from the USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD lab, and the protein and oil content of the accessions were obtained from GRIN.ResultsOur results showed that the prediction accuracy of oil content was higher than that of protein content. When the training population size was 100, the prediction accuracies for protein content and oil content were 0.60 and 0.79, respectively. The prediction accuracy increased with the size of the training population. Training populations with similar phenotype or with close genetic relationships to the prediction population exhibited better prediction accuracy. A greatest prediction accuracy for both protein and oil content was observed when approximately 3,000 markers with -log10(P) greater than 1 were included.DiscussionThis information will help improve GS efficiency and facilitate the application of GS
High-Fidelity and High-Efficiency Digital Class-D Audio Power Amplifier
This study presents a high-fidelity and high-efficiency digital class-D audio power amplifier (CDA), which consists of digital and analog modules. To realize a compatible digital input, a fully digital audio digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is implemented on MATLAB and Xilinx System Generator, which consists of a 16x interpolation filter, a fourth-order four-bit quantized delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator, and a uniform-sampling pulse width modulator. The CDA utilizes the closed-loop negative feedback and loop-filtering technologies to minimize distortion. The audio DAC, which is based on a field-programmable gate array, consumes 0.128 W and uses 7100 LUTs, which achieves 11.2% of the resource utilization rate. The analog module is fabricated in a 0.18 µm BCD technology. The postlayout simulation results show that the CDA delivers an output power of 1 W with 93.3% efficiency to a 4 Ω speaker and achieves 0.0138% of the total harmonic distortion (THD) with a transient noise for a 1 kHz input sinusoidal test tone and 3.6 V supply. The output power reaches up to 2.73 W for 1% THD (with transient noise). The proposed amplifier occupies an active area of 1 mm2
Application Potential of Quinoa as Forage
Quinoa is a crop as both food and forage. It has a tolerance cold, drought, and salt. It is rich in vitamins, polyphenols, flavonoids, phytosterols and other substances, and has rich nutritional value and health care, which provides great potential for it as forage. In this paper, the application potential and prospects of quinoa as forage are studied
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis and resolution in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model revealed by spatial transcriptome analysis
The bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model is commonly used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis research, but its cellular and molecular changes and efficiency as a model at the molecular level are not fully understood. In this study, we used spatial transcriptome technology to investigate the cellular and molecular changes in the lungs of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse models. Our analyses revealed cell dynamics during fibrosis in epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, immunocytes, and erythrocytes with their spatial distribution available. We confirmed the differentiation of the alveolar type II (AT2) cell type expressing Krt8, and we inferred their trajectories from both the AT2 cells and club cells. In addition to the fibrosis process, we also noticed evidence of self-resolving, especially to identify possible self-resolving related genes, including Prkca. Our findings provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis resolution and represent the first spatiotemporal transcriptome dataset of the bleomycin-induced fibrosis mouse model
Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Reaction Feature on Photodeposited Ni<i><sub>x</sub></i>P/γ-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanosheets
Solar light-driven overall water splitting for hydrogen
production
is an ideal solution to climate warming and energy shortage issues.
Obtaining a highly efficient and stable photocatalyst remains a major
challenge at present. Herein, NixP/γ-Ga2O3 nanosheets, which were synthesized from NiCl2, NaH2PO2, and home-made γ-Ga2O3 nanosheets by the photodeposition method under
254 UV irradiation for 30 min, are found as a highly active and durable
photocatalyst for pure water splitting into H2 and O2 without a sacrificial reagent. The H2 production
rate is as high as 5.5 mmol·g–1·h–1 under 125 W high-pressure mercury lamp irradiation,
which is 3.4 and 2.5 times higher than that on the pristine γ-Ga2O3 nanosheets and Pt/γ-Ga2O3 nanosheets, respectively, and is 2.0 times higher than that
on the 0.5 wt % Ni2P/γ-Ga2O3 reported previously. However, the O2 evolution rate is
much less than the H2 evolution rate in the initial reaction
stage. On prolonging the irradiation time, H2 evolution
declines, while O2 evolution increases until it reaches
its stoichiometric value corresponding to H2. The reason
for the photocatalytic behavior of NixP/γ-Ga2O3 is studied and the corresponding
mechanism is suggested. The absent or low oxygen evolution in the
initial reaction stage is because the dioxygen generated from water
oxidation by the photogenerated holes is wholly or partially captured
by the surface oxygen vacancies to form the surface peroxide bonds
(−O–O−). Once the oxygen vacancies are eliminated
by the photogenerated O2, the overall water splitting reaction
would reach the steady state. Thereafter, H2 production
decreases from 5.5 to 2.0 mmol·g–1·h–1, but the O2 evolution gradually approaches
the corresponding stoichiometric value, especially for the photocatalyst
treated with H2O2 for 24 h
Oxygen Vacancy-Reinforced Water-Assisted Proton Hopping for Enhanced Catalytic Hydrogenation
Water-assisted
proton hopping (WAPH) has been intensively
investigated
for promoting the performance of metal oxide-supported catalysts for
hydrogenation. However, the effects of the structure of the metal
oxide support on WAPH have received little attention. Herein, we construct
oxygen vacancy-bearing, MoO3–x-supported
Pd nanoparticle catalysts (Pd/MoO3–x-R), where the oxygen vacancies can promote WAPH,
thereby facilitating catalytic hydrogenation. The experimental results
and theoretical calculations show that the oxygen vacancies favor
the adsorption of water, which assists the proton hopping across the
surface of the metal oxide, enhancing the catalytic hydrogenation.
Our finding will provide a potential approach to the design of metal
oxide-supported catalysts for hydrogenation