DIAMS revisited: Taming the variety of knowledge in fault diagnosis expert systems

The DIAMS program, initiated in 1986, led to the development of a prototype expert system, DIAMS-1 dedicated to the Telecom 1 Attitude and Orbit Control System, and to a near-operational system, DIAMS-2, covering a whole satellite (the Telecom 2 platform and its interfaces with the payload), which was installed in the Satellite Control Center in 1993. The refinement of the knowledge representation and reasoning is now being studied, focusing on the introduction of appropriate handling of incompleteness, uncertainty and time, and keeping in mind operational constraints. For the latest generation of the tool, DIAMS-3, a new architecture has been proposed, that enables the cooperative exploitation of various models and knowledge representations. On the same baseline, new solutions enabling higher integration of diagnostic systems in the operational environment and cooperation with other knowledge intensive systems such as data analysis, planning or procedure management tools have been introduced

Possibility theory in "Fault mode effect analyses". A satellite fault diagnosis application

International audienceMatra Marconi Space (MMS) has been developing spacecraft diagnostic support systems for eight years. Keeping in mind the operational constraints of scale and efficiency that guided the design of the first systems, the reasoning paradigms are now refined, in order to improve the solutions. The FMECA, Fault Mode Effects and Criticality Analyses, form a very important category of knowledge compiled during the design phase of a satellite, and used also for diagnosis activities. This paper proposes their extension, allowing a finer representation of the available knowledge, at approximately the same cost, through the introduction of an appropriate representation of uncertainty and incompleteness based on possibility theory. Efficient discriminization techniques exploiting uncertain observations are introduced, and an example illustrates the mechanisms involved in this approach

Diagnostic de pannes relationnel possibiliste ? Application au domaine spatial

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Relational approach to fault diagnosis based on a functional model

International audienceMatra Marconi Space has been developing operational expert systems for spacecraft fault diagnosis using hybrid approaches, including techniques related to model based approach and fault trees. Keeping in mind the operational constraints of exhaustivity and efficiency that guided the initial choices, the reasoning paradigms developed are now refined, to improve the solutions reached. The paper describes some of the techniques implemented so far, and proposes extensions to the relational approach to automated diagnosis, in order to include more of the available knowledge to refine the representation of influences, by distinguishing certain and possible influence

Patients' Perception of Technology: an Update of Patients' Understanding of Robotics and Navigation in Total Joint Arthroplasty

Background. Given the increasing use of RN in orthopaedics, our aim is to evaluate TJA patients' understanding of RN technology. Methods. A survey based cross sectional study was conducted in one joint replacement clinic from January-March 2021. Questions pertaining to demographic information, robotics and navigation prevalence, autonomy, benefits, drawbacks, costs, and patient experiences and attitudes were asked. Results. Ninety-seven completed questionnaires were included in our results. 70.1% of patients knew that some orthopaedic surgeons use robotics and navigation systems in surgery. 71.1% had not undergone or did not know a first degree relative who had undergone an orthopaedic surgery performed with RN assistance. 86.6% of patients thought that >10% of operations were performed using a RN system. 58.7%, 49.4% and 49.4% of the patients believed that RN makes surgeries more accurate, easier, and quicker, respectively. 73.2% believed that robotic surgery would increase the price of their surgery. 46.3% answered that RN costs > $ 100,000. 55.7% of the patients responded that they would be willing to pay extra for a RN assisted surgery. 39.2% of patients were unsure of whether they would like to have RN surgery. Conclusions. Patients' understanding of robotic and navigation in arthroplasty seems to be limited and inconsistent. With increased direct-to-consumer marketing of these technologies, it is critical for physicians and healthcare systems to promote balanced and complete information

Crypt4GH: a file format standard enabling native access to encrypted data

Motivation: The majority of genome analysis tools and pipelines require data to be decrypted for access. This potentially leaves sensitive genetic data exposed, either because the unencrypted data is not removed after analysis, or because the data leaves traces on the permanent storage medium. Results: We defined a file container specification enabling direct byte-level compatible random access to encrypted genetic data stored in community standards such as SAM/BAM/CRAM/VCF/BCF. By standardizing this format, we show how it can be added as a native file format to genomic libraries, enabling direct analysis of encrypted data without the need to create a decrypted copy. Availability: The Crypt4GH specification can be found at: http://samtools.github.io/hts-specs/crypt4gh.pdf.This work was supported by the following grants: Wellcome (100956/Z/13/Z, 201535/Z/16/Z, 206194) [TMK, AS, RD], Strategic Focal Area “Personalized Health and Related Technologies (PHRT)” of the ETH Domain #2017-201 [JTP], European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJP-RD) #825575 [FH], and NHMRC grant #1113531 and the Medical Research Future Fund [OH