The French connection : complicity in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda

The author thanks to the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland for funding the fieldwork of this study.This article explores the French government’s political and military relationship with Rwanda since 1975, with a particular focus on the period from 1990 and throughout the genocide of 1994. An argument is made that the French state, through its behavior in Rwanda before and during the genocide of 1994, is complicit under international criminal law. As a concept, complicity provides a lens for understanding the scope of liability of states as responsible actors within the international system. The article argues that that the knowing participatory role played by the French throughout the period of the Rwandan genocide can be construed as complicity in genocide. This is a criminal breach of international law.PostprintPeer reviewe

Study of the occupations of the girls who have discontinued school upon completion of the junior high school in Fort Collins, Colorado, A

August, 1937.Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-59)

Attainment and transition experiences of students progressing from an evening access programme to undergraduate study

The under-representation of particular sections of society in Higher Education (HE) is a driver for the current widening participation agenda. The Scottish Government has an ambition that ‘by 2030 students from the 20 per cent most deprived backgrounds should represent 20 per cent of entrants to higher education’ (COWA, 2016). However, there is recognition that in order to achieve this target there may need to be a range of entry routes and contextual offers available. According to Scottish government figures, Abertay is one of Scotland’sleading HE centres for wider access (SFC, 2016). The university has offered a free part-time evening access course (Access to Higher Education Abertay Dundee (AHEAD) for a number of years but it underwent significant restructuring in 2012. This study considers the progression, attainment and experiences of students transitioning from the revised access route to their chosen undergraduate degree programme and through subsequent stages of study

The Matabeleland massacres : Britain's wilful blindness

This article explores an episode of post-colonial state violence in the newly independent Zimbabwe, namely state-sanctioned atrocities by the army unit known as Fifth Brigade, perpetrated against the Ndebele of Matabeleland and Midlands region. This episode of political and ethnic violence that occurred between 1983 and 1987 is referred to as both the Matabeleland Massacres and Gukurahundi. Members of the British government in Zimbabwe, which included a British Military Advisory Training Team (BMATT) on the ground, were intimately aware of the violence that resulted in the death of between 10,000 and 20,000 people. This article analyses official British and US government communications between the British High Commission, Harare, and the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Cabinet Office, the Prime Minister's Office and the Ministry of Defence, London, as well as between the US Department of State and the US Embassy in Harare. Analysis of the documents dated between January and March 1983 sheds a critical new lens on Gukurahundi, establishing what knowledge was available to the British and US governments about the persistent and relentless atrocities taking place; the diplomatic approaches pursued by both governments in response; and their rationale for same. The hitherto unavailable material presented here was obtained by Freedom of Information requests to various British Government offices and to the US Department of State. Analysis establishes that the British High Commission, Harare, had detailed knowledge of events unfolding in Matabeleland from an early stage of Gukurahundi, yet senior members of BMATT and the British diplomatic team in Harare, in contrast to their US counterparts, were consistent in their efforts to minimise the magnitude of Fifth Brigade atrocities. That the British government chose to adopt a policy of wilful blindness towards the atrocities undoubtedly constituted naked realpolitik.PostprintPeer reviewe

Supporting transition:an analysis of the experience and performance of widening access students on their undergraduate degree programmes

The paper examines the experience and performance of Abertay Access to Higher Education programme, AHEAD. The research is largely based on a qualitative analysis of two focus groups and nine in-depth, semi-structured interviews with former AHEAD students. A statistical analysis of the performance of all AHEAD students on their chosen undergraduate degrees between 2012-13 and 2016-17 was also conducted. The paper demonstrates that AHEAD is an effective alternative route to higher education and argues that university-based access courses may be better in preparing these students for the culture and rigours of university life

Leaving rehab: enhancing transitions into stable housing

The project will examine the coordination between residential treatment and housing and social support services using international comparisons and linked administrative data followed by testing in the field. It aims to enhance transition planning and reduce the risk of housing instability for individuals leaving treatment for mental health and/or substance use problems