DEFORMASI SENDI TARSUS PADA PREPARAT KAKI BELAKANG KUDA DELMAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari deformasi sendi tarsus yang mengalami tarsitis kronis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati  perubahan ukuran sendi tarsus pada preparat kaki belakang kuda delman dan deformasi skelet sendi tarsus pada kuda delman. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya pembesaran di bagian medial tarsus kuda dan pembesaran pada lingkar tarsus kuda 3-7 cm dari bentuk normal dengan rata-rata lingkar tarsus kuda delman 23,18 cm dan rata-rata lingkar tarsus pada kuda yang mengalami tarsitis 27,83 cm. Kelainan berupa perlekatan tulang (ankylosis) dan pertumbuhan tulang baru (exostosis) pada permukaan tulang-tulang sendi tarsus kuda. Pada gambaran radiografiditemukan adanya penyempitan ruang sendi, kerusakan permukaan tulang dan pertumbuhan tulang baru yang abnormal. Deformasi yang terjadipada sendi tarsus preparat kaki belakang kuda delman diduga disebabkan oleh aktivitas yang berat semasa hidupnya

Genome sequence of an Australian kangaroo, Macropus eugenii, provides insight into the evolution of mammalian reproduction and development.

BACKGROUND: We present the genome sequence of the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii, which is a member of the kangaroo family and the first representative of the iconic hopping mammals that symbolize Australia to be sequenced. The tammar has many unusual biological characteristics, including the longest period of embryonic diapause of any mammal, extremely synchronized seasonal breeding and prolonged and sophisticated lactation within a well-defined pouch. Like other marsupials, it gives birth to highly altricial young, and has a small number of very large chromosomes, making it a valuable model for genomics, reproduction and development. RESULTS: The genome has been sequenced to 2 × coverage using Sanger sequencing, enhanced with additional next generation sequencing and the integration of extensive physical and linkage maps to build the genome assembly. We also sequenced the tammar transcriptome across many tissues and developmental time points. Our analyses of these data shed light on mammalian reproduction, development and genome evolution: there is innovation in reproductive and lactational genes, rapid evolution of germ cell genes, and incomplete, locus-specific X inactivation. We also observe novel retrotransposons and a highly rearranged major histocompatibility complex, with many class I genes located outside the complex. Novel microRNAs in the tammar HOX clusters uncover new potential mammalian HOX regulatory elements. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of these resources enhance our understanding of marsupial gene evolution, identify marsupial-specific conserved non-coding elements and critical genes across a range of biological systems, including reproduction, development and immunity, and provide new insight into marsupial and mammalian biology and genome evolution

Developing a Safer Conception Intervention for Men Living with HIV in South Africa

Within sexual partnerships, men make many decisions about sexual behavior, reproductive goals, and HIV prevention. There are increasing calls to involve men in reproductive health and HIV prevention. This paper describes the process of creating and evaluating the acceptability of a safer conception intervention for men living with HIV who want to have children with partners at risk for acquiring HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Based on formative work conducted with men and women living with HIV, their partners, and providers, we developed an intervention based on principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy to support men in the adoption of HIV risk-reduction behaviors such as HIV-serostatus disclosure and uptake of and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Structured group discussions were used to explore intervention acceptability and feasibility. Our work demonstrates that men are eager for reproductive health services, but face unique barriers to accessing them

Induction of B-cell lymphoma by UVB Radiation in p53 Haploinsufficient Mice

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has increased over recent years. The exact etiology of lymphoma remains unknown. Ultraviolet light exposure has been associated with the development of internal lymphoid malignancies and some reports suggest that it may play a role in the development of lymphoma in humans. Here we describe the characterization and progression of lymphoma in p53 heterozygous mice exposed to UVB irradiation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>UVB-irradiated p53^+/-mice developed enlargement of the spleen. Isolated spleen cells were transplanted into Rag deficient hosts. The UV-induced tumor cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The tumor cells were tagged with GFP to study their metastatic potential. SKY and karyotypic analysis were carried out for the detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Functional assays included in vitro class switch recombination assay, immunoglobulin rearrangement assay, as well as cytokine profiling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>UVB-exposed mice showed enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes. Cells transplanted into Rag deficient mice developed aggressive tumors that infiltrated the lymph nodes, the spleen and the bone marrow. The tumor cells did not grow in immune competent syngeneic C57Bl/6 mice yet showed a modest growth in UV-irradiated B6 mice. Phenotypic analysis of these tumor cells revealed these cells are positive for B cell markers CD19⁺, CD5⁺, B220⁺, IgM⁺and negative for T cell, NK or dendritic cell markers. The UV-induced tumor cells underwent robust in vitro immunoglobulin class switch recombination in response to lipopolysaccharide. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a t(14;19) translocation and trisomy of chromosome 6. These tumor cells secret IL-10, which can promote tumor growth and cause systemic immunosuppression.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>UV-irradiated p53^+/-mice developed lymphoid tumors that corresponded to a mature B cell lymphoma. Our results suggest that an indirect mechanism is involved in the development of internal tumors after chronic exposure to UV light. The induction of B cell lymphoma in UV-irradiated p53 heterozygous mice may provide a useful model for lymphoma development in humans.</p

Male, National, and Religious Collective Narcissism Predict Sexism

Results of three cross-sectional studies indicate that sexism in Poland is associated with collective narcissism—a belief that one’s own group’s (the in-group’s) exaggerated exceptionality is not sufficiently recognized by others—with reference to three social identities: male, religious, and national. In Study 1 (n = 329), male collective narcissism was associated with sexism. This relationship was sequentially mediated by precarious manhood and traditional gender beliefs. In Study 2 (n = 877), Catholic collective narcissism predicted tolerance of violence against women (among men and women) over and above religious fundamentalism and in contrast to intrinsic religiosity. In Study 3 (n = 1070), national collective narcissism was associated with hostile sexism among men and women and with benevolent sexism more strongly among women than among men. In contrast, national in-group satisfaction—a belief that the nation is of a high value—predicted rejection of benevolent and hostile sexism among women but was positively associated with hostile and benevolent sexism among men. Among men and women collective narcissism was associated with tolerance of domestic violence against women, whereas national in-group satisfaction was associated with rejection of violence against women

Treatment and outcome analysis of 639 relapsed non-hodgkin lymphomas in children and adolescents and resulting treatment recommendations

Despite poor survival, controversies remain in the treatment for refractory or relapsed pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r NHL). The current project aimed to collect international experience on the re-induction treatment of r/r NHL, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), risk factors associated with outcome, and to suggest treatment recommendations. Inclusion criteria were (i) refractory disease, disease progression or relapse of any NHL subtype except anaplastic large cell lymphoma, (ii) age < 18 years at initial diagnosis, (iii) diagnosis in/after January 2000. Data from 639 eligible patients were evaluable. The eight-year probability of overall survival was 34 ± 2% with highly significant differences according to NHL subtypes: 28 ± 3% for 254 Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia, 50 ± 6% for 98 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, 57 ± 8% for 41 primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphomas, 27 ± 3% for 177 T-lymphoblastic lymphomas, 52 ± 10% for 34 precursor-B-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas and 30 ± 9% for 35 patients with rare NHL subtypes. Subtype-specific factors associated with survival and treatment recommendations are suggested. There were no survivors without HSCT, except in few very small subgroups. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to further improve survival in r/r NHL. The current study provides the largest real-world series, which underlines the role of HSCT and suggests treatment recommendations. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Relocating the arts in the new Istanbul: urban imaginary as a contested zone

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.Parallel to its reconstitution as a global city, Istanbul has experienced an expansion of the arts through the foundation of new institutions, such as museums and galleries, and the dissemination of art events and exhibitions related to the city. The role of the arts and arts institutions in Istanbul's renewal is central to understanding the relationship between the material and immaterial dynamics of this process. The contemporary art world has both invented new strategies for the city's representation, where issues, such as tourism, consumerism, public space, democracy, and identities, are tightly interwoven, while simultaneously revealing conflicts and contestations. In the hands of contemporary artists and arts professionals, the city's “urban imaginary” has become an analytical vehicle that both exposes the tensions of global dynamics and presents the city as spectacle. Thus, this imaginary also serves to document the forces that affect the arts and the city, and a close study of it can enrich our understanding of the reconditioning process

Legitimacy of A Sirri Marriages (Second and So on) by the Pair of Civil Servants

Perkawinan siri di ketahui sebagai perkawinan di bawah tangan, artinya perkawinan yang memenuhi rukun dan syarat perkawinan serta tidak melanggar larangan-larangan perkawinan. Permasalahannya adalah ketika seseorang ingin beristri lebih dari seorang terdapat ketentuan yang harus dipenuhi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan keabsahan dan akibat hukum dari perkawinan siri (kedua dan seterusnya) yang dilakukan oleh pasangan PNS menurut PP Nomor 45 Tahun 1990 Tentang Izin Perkawinan dan Perceraian PNS dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Hasil dari penelitian ini perkawinan siri (kedua dan seterusnya) tidak sah menurut PP Nomor 45 Tahun 1990 Tentang Izin Perkawinan dan Perceraian PNS dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Sedangkan perkawinan siri (kedua dan seterusnya) sah menurut Hukum Islam