„Ende des Transfers – Alles aussteigen!“

New Cultural Geography causes controversy about transfer. It refuses the transferability of themes and examples with gaze on high tech clusters and underlines the thesis that each of these clusters is unique. However, more exact analysis proves that this position cannot be accepted. Transfer is possible and necessary in this case, too. To avoid the risks of falsifying and misunderstanding, transfer has to follow the frame of a specific path of development. This is a construction that protects and conserves the specific profile of case studies. Moreover, this method generates other insights as well: On the one hand it opens up the whole thematic width of the object represented by the path of development; on the other hand it shows – from a meta-theoretic point of view – the mental construction of all paths of development. With regard on examples of New Urban Geography, the successful application of the concept can be demonstrated

Beeinflussung biomechanischer Eigenschaften lumbaler Bewegungssegmente durch unterschneidende Spinalkanaldekompression und dynamische Implantate

Die Unterschneidende Dekompression (UD) fuehrt postoperativ haeufig zu lumbaler Segmentinstabilitaet. Betroffene Bewegungssegmente (BS) werden fusioniert oder mit dynamischen Implantaten (DI) stabilisiert. Diese biomechanische Arbeit stellt den Einfluss der UD und den Effekt von DI (Wallis (DIW) und Dynesys (DID)) auf den Bewegungsumfang (Range of Motion = ROM) humaner, lumbaler BS (n=21) dar. Im Pure-Moment-Verfahren (5 Nm) wurden ROM und Neutrale Zone (NZ) in Flexion-Extension (FE), Lateralflexion (LF) und axialer Rotation (AR) fuer vier Zustaende bestimmt: 1) Nativ, 2) UD, 3) UD + DIW 4) UD + DID. Fazit: Die Implantation von DI nach UD erzielt eine signifikante Abnahme der ROM in allen Ebenen. Die FE wird durch beide DI stark eingeschraenkt. Zusaetzlich zur FE fuehrt DID zu einer erheblichen Begrenzung der LF. Die AR wird zwar von beiden DI signifikant eingeschraenkt, jedoch nicht klinisch relevant

Results of advanced core decompression in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head depending on age and sex—a prospective cohort study

Background Core decompression is a common surgical technique to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the parameters “age” and “sex” on the outcome of this type of treatment. Methods A prospective cohort study was performed. Eighty-six osteonecrotic hips with a mean follow-up of 32.5 months (± 24.8) after advanced core decompression were analysed regarding age- and sex-dependent treatment failure. Additionally, the modified Harris Hip Score and Numeric Rating Scale were compared regarding the parameters age and sex. Results The mean hip survival of the male participants was 51.3 months (39.4% treatment failure), whereas females presented a longer, thus not significant, mean survival of 61.4 months (30% therapy failure; p = 0.48). The further evaluation revealed significantly better survival in the patients aged < 40 years (mean survival 66.09 months, 16% treatment failure) in comparison to those aged ≥ 40 years (mean survival 50.14 months, 46% therapy failure; p = 0.03). The modified Harris Hip Score and Numeric Rating Scale results of patients whose treatment did not fail during the study period were similar, irrespective of the patient’s sex or age. Conclusions The study shows that the number of therapy failures is significantly higher in older patients, with 40 years of age marking the borderline. Patients’ sex does not seem to affect the outcome of treatment, and postoperative clinical scores appear to be identical with individuals not affected by therapy failure. Since age and sex are unalterable parameters, the study helps to provide valuable predictions regarding the chances of long-term hip survival after treatment of osteonecrosis

Evaluation of intra- and interobserver reliability in the assessment of the ‘critical trochanter angle’

Background: The recently described 'critical trochanter angle' (CTA) is a novel parameter in the preoperative risk assessment of stem malalignment in total hip arthroplasty. As its reproducibility needs to be evaluated, the given study aims to investigate intra- and interobserver reliability. It is hypothesized that both analyses justify the clinical use of the CTA. Methods: A total of 100 pelvic radiographs obtained prior to total hip arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed by four observers with different levels of clinical experience. The CTA was measured twice by each observer at different occasions in the previously described technique. Intra- and interobserver reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with confidence intervals (CI) and the Bland-Altman approach. Results: The mean CTA in both measuring sequences was 20.58° and 20.78°. The observers' means ranged from 17.76° to 25.23°. Intraobserver reliability showed a mean difference of less than 0.5° for all four observers (95% limit of agreement: - 7.70-6.70). Intraobserver ICCs ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 (CI 0.88-0.99). For interobserver variation analysis, ICCs of 0.83 (CI 0.67-0.90) and 0.85 (CI 0.68-0.92) were calculated. Conclusion: Analyses concerning intra- and interobserver reliability in the assessment of the CTA showed 'very good' and 'good' results, respectively. In view of these findings, the use of the CTA as an additional preoperative parameter to assess the risk of intraoperative stem malalignment seems to be justified

Development of Open Backend Structures for Health Care Professionals to Improve Participation in App Developments: Pilot Usability Study of a Medical App

BACKGROUND: Efficient digitization in medicine still is in its infancy but undeniably has great potential for current and future challenges in health care. Thus far, the rollout of medical apps has not resulted in widespread use of smartphones in the German health care sector-the reasons for this have not been clarified so far. Nevertheless, the lack of user involvement in the development process and content creation might contribute to low acceptance of these products. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to outline an approach to involve medical expertise without any coding knowledge for developing medical app content and functions. METHODS: An end user-operable backend was built. Its usability was evaluated using a usability evaluation test protocol. The results of the usability tests were evaluated by the app development team, and the usability test was repeated for optimizing backend usability. In total, 40 criteria to measure the ease of app usage were defined a priori. The usability test comprised 20 tasks that had to be fulfilled. Usability tasks were analyzed for completion, dropout, and test duration. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, digital videoconferencing platforms (Zoom and QuickTime Player) were used to complete usability questionnaires. Finally, several backend-based apps for several specialties (infectiology, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and orthopedics) were developed by health care professionals as prototypes. RESULTS: Initial usability testing was conducted with 5 participants (4 men and 1 woman; mean age 39.2, SD 5.97 years). All of them could complete the assigned backend tasks with only a few workflow interruptions and some minor errors. After usability optimization, the workflow completion time decreased from 5.03 minutes to 3.50 minutes, indicating a time saving. The basic backend structure was clear to all test users and the handling was intuitive to learn. Some minor errors in the backend occurred during the test rounds. The apps developed using the aforementioned approach are in clinical use as a proof of concept. CONCLUSIONS: Backends offering operability for medical professionals might have great potential for app development in the mobile health sector. Sophisticated and time-saving usability are pivotal for the acceptance of medical software, as illustrated by the backend-based apps presented herein, which are in clinical use as a proof of concept. Basic interventions are essential and sufficient for adequate usability optimization. Practicable, well-structured software usability evaluation is possible based on the usability evaluation test protocol

Türkisches Gemüse.

Donated by Klaus KreiserReprinted from : Geographie Heute, 52/1987

50 años desde Kiel ‘69. Enseñanza de la Geografía y Educación geográfica en tiempos de cambio

Junge Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler forderten in Kiel 1969 die Abkehr von der Länderkunde, dem bisherigen Paradigma. Für Geographiedidaktik und schulische Geographie begann ein neues Kapitel: Lehrpläne mussten umgearbeitet werden, Schulbücher mit neuen Zielen entstanden, Rollenspiele und programmierte Instruktionen ergänzten die Palette unterrichtlicher Arbeitsformen. Eine Erneuerung schien aus gesellschaftlicher Perspektive überfällig. Der Blick in die vergleichende internationale Schulbuchforschung zeigt neben den Unterschieden zwischen den Ländern den Fortschritt, der den Kieler Impulsen zu verdanken ist. Heute stehen diese Errungenschaften ihrerseits auf dem Prüfstand. Die Geographie kann zwar mit Megathemen wie Klimawandel oder Migration durchaus mithalten, ob sie sich aber politisch durchsetzt, ist eine andere Frage.Young scientists demanded in 1969 to give up Regional Geography, the previous paradigm. This meant a new chapter for Geography Education and Teaching Geography: curricula had to be changed, textbooks with new objectives were generated, role plays and programmed instructions completed the work in class. From a social perspective change was overdue. Comparative international research shows that the impulse of the Kiel conference was successful – with restrictions. At present, all achievements will be on trial again and be proven towards other competing disciplines. In principle, Geography will certainly be able to keep up with „mega topics‟ such as climate change, migration and many more. Whether it will prevail politically, however, may be a different issueLos jóvenes científicos exigieron en el año 1969 que se abandonara el tradicional paradigma de la Geografía Regional. Esto significó un nuevo capítulo en la Educación en Geográfica y en la Enseñanza de la Geografía: se cambiaron los planes de estudio, se generaron libros de texto con nuevos objetivos, la participación y la programación completaron el trabajo en el aula. Desde una perspectiva social, el cambio era necesario. La investigación internacional comparada muestra que el impulso de la conferencia de Kiel tuvo éxito, aunque con algunas limitaciones. En la actualidad, todos los logros se pondrán a prueba de nuevo y se demostrarán frente a otras disciplinas. En principio, la Geografía podrá, sin duda, seguir el ritmo de los grandes temas de actualidad como el cambio climático, la migración y otros muchos. Sin embargo, su prevalencia política puede ser una cuestión diferente.Peer Reviewe