Justiça, cidadania e direitos humanos: homenagem ao ministro Humberto Martins

- Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.- Localização na estante: 34(81) J96c- Coordenado por: Mauro Luciano Hauschild

Reflexos da melhoria na qualidade dos serviços do INSS no equilíbrio e sustentabilidade do RGPS

Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.Localização na estante: 351.84(81) H376

Applying precision feeding techniques in growing-finishing pig operations

The high cost of feed ingredients, the use of non-renewable sources of phosphate and the dramatic increase in the environmental load resulting from the excessive land application of manure are major challenges for the livestock industry. Precision feeding is proposed as an essential approach to improve the utilization of dietary nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients and thus reduce feeding costs and nutrient excretion. Precision feeding requires accurate knowledge of the nutritional value of feedstuffs and animal nutrient requirements, the formulation of diets in accordance with environmental constraints, and the gradual adjustment of the dietary nutrient supply to match the requirements of the animals. After the nutritional potential of feed ingredients has been precisely determined and has been improved by the addition of enzymes (e.g. phytases) or feed treatments, the addition of environmental objectives to the traditional feed formulation algorithms can promote the sustainability of the swine industry by reducing nutrient excretion in swine operations with small increases in feeding costs. Increasing the number of feeding phases can also contribute to significant reductions in nutrient excretion and feeding costs. However, the use of precision feeding techniques in which pigs are fed individually with daily tailored diets can further improve the efficiency with which pigs utilize dietary nutrients. Precision feeding involves the use of feeding techniques that allow the provision of the right amount of feed with the right composition at the right time to each pig in the herd. Using this approach, it has been estimated that feeding costs can be reduced by more than 4.6%, and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion can both be reduced by more than 38%. Moreover, the integration of precision feeding techniques into large-group production systems can provide real-time off-farm monitoring of feed and animals for optimal slaughter and production strategies, thus improving the environmental sustainability of pork production, animal well-being and meat-product quality

Prandial correlations and structure of the ingestive behavior of pigs in precision feeding programs

The feeding behavior of growing-finishing pigs was analyzed to study prandial correlations and the probability of starting a new feeding event. The data were collected in real-time based on 157,632 visits by a group of 70 growing-finishing pigs (from 30.4 to 115.5 kg body weight, BW) to automatic feeders. The data were collected over 84 days, during which period the pigs were kept in conventional (by phase and by group) or precision (with daily and individual adjustments) feeding programs. A criterion to delimit each meal was then defined based on the probability of an animal starting a new feeding event within the next minute since the last visit. Prandial correlations were established between meal size and interval before meal (pre-prandial) or interval after meal (postprandial) using Pearson correlation analysis. Post-prandial correlations (which can be interpreted as hunger-regulating mechanisms) were slightly stronger than pre-prandial correlations (which can be interpreted as satiety regulation mechanisms). Both correlations decreased as the animals’ age increased but were little influenced by the feeding programs. The information generated in this study allows a better understanding of pigs’ feeding behavior regulation mechanisms and could be used in the future to improve precision feeding programs

Genetic selection modulates feeding behavior of group-housed pigs exposed to daily cyclic high ambient temperatures

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of genetic selection (Lines A and B; Line A pigs have a greater proportion of Pietrain genes than those from Line B and therefore, selected for improved lean tissue accretion) on the feeding behavior of group-housed pigs exposed to daily cyclic high ambient temperatures. Feeding behavior of 78 barrows housed together in a single room was recorded in real time by five automatic feeders. The feeders registered each visit of each pig (day, hour, min, and second) and the amount of feed requested. Daily cyclic high ambient temperature was induced exposing pigs at 22˚C from 18.00 to 10.00 h and 30˚C from 10.01 to 17.59 h. From this temperature variation, dayperiod was divided into: 22˚C(06-10h), from 6.00 to 10.00 h; 30˚C(10-18h), from 10.01 to 17.59 h; and 22˚C(18-06h), from 18.00 to 5.59 h. Meal criteria was estimated based on the probability of animals starting a new feeding event within the next minute since the last visit (Pstart). After defining the meal criteria, the number of meals (n), feed intake rate (g/min), feed intake (g/meal), feeder occupancy (min/meal), and interval between meals (min) of each animal were calculated. Greatest probability of starting to feed was observed at 22˚C(06-10h), followed by 30˚C(10-18h) and then 22˚C(18-06h). Regardless of time period, pigs from line A had greater feed intake rate and lower feed intake, feed occupancy per meal and probability of starting a meal when compared with line B pigs. Only line A pigs had greater feed intake and feeder occupancy per meal at 22˚C(18-06h) than remainder of the day. This indicates that pig feeding pattern is strongly related to the circadian rhythm. However, the genetic selection for improved lean tissue accretion may modulate pigs feeding behavior under daily cyclic high ambient temperatures

Sequential feeding with diets varying in amino acid content for growing-finishing pigs

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily phase feeding (DP) and sequential feeding (SEQ) on the feeding behavior, performance, and body composition of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty barrows at 29.7 ± 2.8 kg body weight (BW) were assigned to one of four treatments: DP with a blended proportion of feeds A (high nutrient density) and B (low nutrient density) was adjusted to match 100 % of daily amino acid (AA) diet recommendations (DP100); a negative treatment, which matched 70 % of daily AA diet recommendations (DP70); and two SEQ with a blend of feeds A and B, adjusted twice a day (at 00h00 and 12h00), to match 70 or 110 % of daily AA diet recommendations during two 12 h intervals: SEQ110-70 and SEQ70-110. DP70 and SEQ showed a lower feed consumption rate compared to DP100 (p < 0.05). Compare to DP100, pigs in both SEQ programs had a similar average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency ratio (G:F) and body fat and lean mass ( p > 0.05). SEQ110-70 and SEQ70-110 showed similar ADFI, ADG, G:F and body lean mass (p > 0.05). However, fat gain was greater in SEQ110-70 than in SEQ70-110 (p < 0.05). Overall, the SEQ program does not improve performance and body composition. Furthermore, feeding pigs a diet with a higher AA level during the first 12 h of the day and a lower AA level during the remainder of the day increases fat deposition

Digestibility and metabolism of piglet diets containing zearalenone with addition of organoaluminosilicate

Um experimento foi realizado para avaliar a digestibilidade de dietas e balanços metabólicos de suínos alimentados com dietas contendo zearalenona (ZEA) com e sem adição de organoaluminossilicato (OA). Foram utilizadas 12 leitoas com peso inicial de 12 kg, alojadas em gaiolas metabólicas. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos (controle, controle + 2 ppm de ZEA e controle + 2 ppm de ZEA com adição de 0,3% de OA na dieta) e quatro repetições, com o animal como unidade experimental. A ZEA e o OA não influenciaram (p > 0,05) o consumo de matéria seca, a digestibilidade da matéria seca e energia bruta, metabolização da energia, proteína digestível e energias digestível e metabolizável das dietas. A ZEA e OA não alteraram o balanço do N (p > 0,05), mas modificaram (p 0,05) a absorção de P em função da ingestão. O consumo de 2 ppm de ZEA com ou sem adição de 0,3% de OA não interfere na digestibilidade das dietas e no metabolismo dos suínos.An experiment was carried out to asses diet digestibility and metabolism balance of piglets fed on diets containing zearalenone (ZEA) with and without addition of organaluminisilicate (OA). Twelve gilts littermates were used, with 12 kg initial body weight, housed in metabolic cages. A completely randomized design was used and comprised three treatments (control, control + 2 ppm ZEA, and control + 2 ppm ZEA with addition of 0.3% of OA), and four replications, being the animal as experimental unit. The ZEA and the OA did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter intake, digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, metabolizable energy, digestible energy as well as digestible protein. The nitrogen balance was not modified (p > 0.05) by ZEA and OA. However, it influenced (p 0.05) the absorption of P in relation to the ingestion. The intake of 2 ppm of ZEA with or without addition of 0.3% of OA in diet does not affect the digestibility of diets and the metabolism of pigs