Industrialization and poverty eradication in Vietnam

The alleviation of poverty in society is an imperative of governments and an influence on economies around the world. Economic growth has for many decades been believed to be a placatory instrument but reliance on economic development does not necessarily yield optimum results. Hence, poverty reduction has also been a fascination for researchers who seek to target specific questions thus contributing to the social welfare of defined populations. These cumulative efforts of researchers are intended to initiate change in government policies thus transforming the world into the way we would like it to be. This thesis is dedicated to answering a set of such questions by presenting a quantitative assessment of industry related variables in Vietnam. The study proceeds by integrating conceptual and empirical literature relating to the topic of investigation. The topic of poverty has attracted significant attention and has therefore been studied extensively. Prominent contributors such as economist Amartyr Sen and the World Bank institution are drawn upon to present a concise definition of poverty. Poverty lines are then presented as a mechanism used to initiate quantitative assessments of poverty. This concept is delineated in the context of Vietnam. International and Vietnamese empirical studies are reviewed and a background to Vietnam‘s economic reform process is presented. Together, these initial steps form a platform from which the study emanates. The thesis then aims to examine the relationship between poverty reduction and the manufacturing sector in Vietnam using household-level and provincial-level data obtained from reliable Vietnamese sources. At the household level, cross-section and panel data models are used to investigate the empirical relationship between the percentage of household members who are employed in the manufacturing sector and household per capita income and household per capita expenditure. Probit models are used to investigate the empirical relationship between the percentage of household members who are employed in the manufacturing sector and a household‘s propensity to fall into poverty. The fraction of household members working in manufacturing sector is found to be positively associated with household per capita income and household per capita expenditure. This study also finds that a household‘s probability of being in poverty is strongly and inversely related to the fraction of that household‘s members working in the manufacturing sector. At the provincial level, the spatial relationship between poverty and the manufacturing sector is econometrically investigated by estimating cross-section models, fixed effect models as well as spatial lag and spatial error models. The results show that there is a spatial relationship between poverty rates among neighbouring provinces. Furthermore, due to spatial spillovers, that the relationship between employment in manufacturing and poverty reduction is not straighforward. Policymakers need to take into account locational and connectivity issues to ensure that manufacturing activities can contribute effectively towards poverty reduction

Assessing Website Performance In The Line Of The Is Impact Model

This research proposal presents a novel study that aims to contribute to the understanding of factors that impact on the performance of Australian university business school websites. The proposed study addresses the current limitations of website performance measurement and incorporates a multilevel perspective that accounts for user and organisational perspectives on website performance. This study adopts the IS-Impact model, developed by G able et al. (2008) as its primary theoretical foundation and applies Shannon & Weaver’s (1949) Communication Theory to develop a conceptual model of website performance as a tool for understanding multilevel website usage as a measure of website performance. The study employs a two-phase quantitative survey research method incorporating an exploratory and confirmatory phase. The exploratory phase aims to test the completeness and the applicability of the IS-Impact model’s dimensions and measures in the university website context. The confirmatory phase aims to further validate the model and instrument derived from the exploratory phase, as well as to reconfirm the model and measures using quantitative data

Réactions sociales à la déviance : Une étude exploratoire

SOCIAL REACTION TO DEVIANCE : AN EXPLORATORY STUDYThe object of this exploratory study is to analyse social reactions to deviance by endeavouring to show some of the mechanisms of these re-actions. To do this, we have isolated deviant behaviour from its situational elements in order to study the fluctuations of reactions according to the nature of the deviance, and according to the categories of those reacting to the deviance.The instrument of measurement is a questionnaire which was administered to a random sample for pre-testing. This sample was drawn from the metropolitan region of Montreal. The data analysis is concerned with the degree of generality, consensus, consistency and contingency of reactions in terms of the nature of the deviant behaviour.The results showed the reactions to be surprisingly general. The regularity of the continuum drawn by the indices of contingency and those of strictly punitive consensus was remarkable.This exploratory study gives interested researchers information on crime-deviance continuums and social reactions to deviance. The continuum of social reactions is clearly defined, and this gives us reason to believe it would be possible to introduce an order of importance in the evaluation of social reactions.REACCION SOCIAL FRENTE A LA CONDUCTA DESVIADA : UN ESTUDIO EXPLORATORIOEl objeto de este estudio exploratorio es analizar las reacciones sociales frente a la conducta desviada ; con este fin, se intentara descomponer parte de los mecanismos de dichas reacciones. Para ello, se ha aislado la conducta desviada de sus elementos situacionales con vistas a estudiar las fiuctuaciones de la reaccion segun la naturaleza de la desviacion por una parte y las categorias de la audiencia por otra.El instrumento de medida es un cuestionario que ha sido administrado a una muestra aleatoria de pre-test seleccionada en la region metropolitana de Montreal. El analisis de los datos se refiere al grado de generalidad, consenso, consistencia y contingencia de la reaccion, en funcion de la naturaleza de la conducta desviada.Entre los resultados, sorprende la generalidad de las reacciones. Tam-bien conviene subrayar la regularidad de los continues determinados por los indices de contingencia y consenso formai punitivo.Este estudio exploratorio contribuye a esclarecer a los investigadores in-teresados por los continuos desviacion-criminalidad y por las reacciones sociales frente a la conducta desviada. Efectivamente, el continuo de dichas reacciones sociales aparece con toda claridad, lo cual permite creer en la pqsibilidad de introducir un orden de magnitud en la evaluacion de la reaccion social.SOZIALE REAKTIONEN AUF DAS ABWEICHENDE VERHALTEN : EIN ERFORSCHENDES STUDIUMDas Objektiv dieses untersuchenden Studiums ist die Analyse der sozialen Reaktionen auf das abweichende Verhalten, indem es versucht, einen Teil der Mechanismen dieser Reaktionen zu zerlegen. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir das abweichende Verhalten von seinen situationnellen Elementen isoliert, um die Schwankungen der Reaktionen in ihrer Abhan-gigkeit von der Natur der Abweichung einerseits, und nach den Audienz-kathegorien andrerseits, zu studieren.Das Massinstrument ist ein Fragebogen, der einem zufallig ausge-wahlten Pra-Test Muster verabreicht wurde. Diese Probe wurde der metro-politanen Gegend von Montreal entnommen. Die Datenanalyse betrifft denGrad von Generalitat, Konsens, Konsistenz und Kontingenz der Reaktionen in Abhangigkeit von der Natur des abweichenden Verhaltens.Unter diesen Ergebnissen scheint die Allgemeinheit uberraschend zu sein. Die Regelmassigkeit des Kontinuums, gezeichnet von den Kontingen-zindizien, und desjenigen gezeichnet von den formellen Straf-Konsensin-diziem ist bemerkenswert.Dieses erforschende Studium tragt dazu bei, interessierte Forscher uber das Kontinuum abweichendes Verhalten-Kriminalitat und der sozialen Reaktionen auf die Abweichung aufzuklaren. Tatsachlich tritt das Kontinuum der sozialen Reaktionen klar hervor, und diese Feststellung erlaubt uns anzunehem, dass es moglich ist, ein Grossenmass in die Wertung der sozialen Reaktionen einzufuhren

THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE INSTRUCTION IN EXTRACURRICULAR SPORTS FOR STUDENTS FROM TRA VINH UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM

This study uses the sociological investigation method and direct interview in order to understand the current situation of the instruction in extracurricular sports at Tra Vinh University. The total area of the playground is 13,700 m2 with the ratio of 1.36 m2/student. There are 11 lecturers and the ratio of student/lecturer is 915.18. There is still no regular program in extracurricular sports for Tra Vinh University students.  Article visualizations

Decision-Making Performance in Big Data Era: The Role of Actual Business Intelligence Systems Use and Affecting External Constraints

Business Intelligence (BI) has received wide recognition in the business world as a tool to ad-dress ‘big’ data-related problems, to help managers understand their businesses and to assist them in making effective decisions. To date, however, there have been few studies which have clearly articulated a theoretically grounded model that explains how the use of BI systems provides benefits to organisations, or explains what factors influence the actual use of BI systems. To fully achieve greater decision-making performance and effective use of BI, we contend that BI systems integration with a systems user’s work routine (dependence on the systems) is essential. Following this argument, we examine the effects of system dependent use along with effective use (infusion) on individual’s decision-making performance with BI. Additionally, we pro-pose that a fact-based decision-making culture, and data quality of source systems are constraints factors that impact on BI system dependence and infusion. We adopt a quantitative method approach. Specifically, we will conduct a two-wave cross-sectional survey targeting 400 North American BI users who describe themselves as both using a BI system and making decision using data from the system. We expect to make an important theoretical contribution to BI literature by providing a model that explains the dimensions of actual BI system use, and makes a practical contribution by providing insights into how organisational external constraints facilitate BI dependence and infusion in the pursuit of BI-enabled performance gain

AI and the Future of Business Strategists: A Review and Research Agenda

Artificial Intelligence has received increased attention from multiple research disciplines, including strategic management and information systems. Despite such heightened interest, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive framework to explain how business strategists work with AI to develop business strategies. This paper develops such a framework to illustrate the process of business strategists working with AI to develop business strategies. We also conducted a systematic literature review of AI in business strategy research and used the developed framework to structure the analysis. From the findings, we reveal which parts of the framework have been studied and which are still in need of further research. In doing so, this study makes important contributions by (1) proposing a comprehensive framework of strategy workers and AI delegation process, (2) identifying the currently reported contributions of AI and business strategy research, and (3) identifying promising venues and critical research questions for future research

Fish distribution in the Ba Che and Tien Yen rivers

The ichthyo-fauna in the Ba Che and Tien Yen rivers, northern Vietnam is highly diverse, with a total of 245 species determined. However, data on the distribution of fish species are not sufficiently provided for the whole area. This study was conducted from 2008 to 2011 at 27 stations from the Ba Che and Tien Yen river basins to determine the distribution of fish species according to different sections of the rivers, water bodies, seasons, and salinity levels. The results show that fish species are distributed mainly in the river (with 210 species), concentrated in the downstream area (with 213 species). Fishes are mainly collected in the dry season when the salinity level of river is high, due to seawater intrusion which also brings in 160 species of marine fish. This shows that fish distribution in the research areas is mainly dominated by the presence of marine species. While for freshwater fish, it is clearly affected by the mountainous features. Apart from the common characteristics sharing between the two river basins, but the number of both freshwater and marine fish species in the Tien Yen river are larger than those of Ba Che river, which is related to fresh water surface, river morphology, the width and location of the estuary to the sea. The downstream area is home to the fish species recorded in the Red Data Book of Vietnam and the complementary species for Vietnam, while the middle and upstream of the rivers may offer a high potential of biodiversity, with many possibly new species for science. These are important data for the conservation and sustainable development of fish resources in the Ba Che and Tien Yen river basins.

Quality Assessment During the Fermentation of Cocoa Beans: Effects of Partial Mucilage Removal

Fermentation of cocoa beans is the most important process contributing to the flavor in chocolate and other related products. The present study aimed to investigate the fermentation at a laboratory scale of cocoa beans with and without 10% w/w mucilage removal (whole beans). The physicochemical properties and microorganism development were monitored for six days of continuous fermentation (sampling was conducted every 24 hours). The results indicated the effects of partial mucilage removal of cocoa beans before the fermentation, in which the temperature, pH, and mucilage content (with/without mucilage removal) were recorded as 36.5 oC/38.6 oC, 3.44/3.31, and 18.41%/21.84%, respectively at the final day. Besides, the density of microorganisms (yeast-mold, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria) of cocoa beans with partial mucilage removal was higher than whole cocoa beans due to the increased aeration of the beans with mucilage removal, creating favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms. After the fermentation, several physicochemical properties of the two cocoa bean types were compared, which demonstrated the more favorable quality of the cocoa beans with partial mucilage removal compared to the whole cocoa beans for the fermentation, e.g., lower seed shell content (14.1% vs. 17.8%), lower total acid (1.67% vs. 2.77%), and pH of around 5.0

WOMEN OF THANH HOA PROVINCE WITH MOVEMENT “THREE RESPONSIBILITIES” (1965-1975)

After blatantly sabotaging the Geneva Agreements, the US imperialists invaded southern Vietnam and used their air force to destroy the socialist North. The country's independence and reunification were once again facing an extremely serious situation. President Ho Chi Minh issued a call to the resistance war against the US and save the country. The Socialist North became the great rear of the southern battlefield. Vietnamese women are more than anyone else, deeply aware: their status, career, and family happiness are associated with the country's destiny. Therefore, the sisters are more imbued with Uncle Ho's teachings: "Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom". Women across the country have joined the entire Party, army and people in their determination to fight to save the country. Movements arose everywhere: Women applied to the government, volunteer organizations took care of all the household chores; volunteering to replace men in production, social work, and encouraging relatives to go to war