KONSEP PENDIDIKAN PANCA JIWA PONDOK DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAK SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN DAAR EL - FIKRI SIMPANG MESUJI KECAMATAN SIMPANG PEMATANG KABUPATEN MESUJI

ABSTRAK KONSEP PENDIDIKAN PANCA JIWA PONDOK DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAK SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN DAAR EL - FIKRI SIMPANG MESUJI KECAMATAN SIMPANG PEMATANG KABUPATEN MESUJI Oleh Widya Tri Hastuti Panca jiwa Pondok Pesantren Modern Daar El-Fikri merupakan suatu prinsip yang ditanamkan pada seluruh elemen yang berada dalam lingkungan pondok pesantren yang meliputi jiwa keikhlasan, jiwa kesederhanaan, jiwa berdikari, jiwa ukhuwah islamiyah dan jiwa bebas. Kelima prinsip tersebut bertujuan menjadikan santri memiliki pribadi yang berakhlakul-karimah dan mampu menjawab berbagai macam degredasi moral yang menghambat pembangunan pendidikan. Sehingga implementasinya sangat dibutuhkan sebagai langkah awal dalam membangun sistem pendidikan moral Bangsa Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan, metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah keluarga Pondok Pesantren Daar El-Fikri. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cara mereduksi data yang kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif dan diverifikasi dengan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep pendidikan panca jiwa di Pondok Pesantren Modern Daar El-Fikri Simpang Mesuji Kecamatan Simpang Pematang Kabupaten Mesuji melalui pendidikan panca jiwa maka terbentuklah akhlak santri Pondok Pesantren Daar El- Fikri yang dibangun melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang ditetapkan oleh pemimpin pondok yaitu kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dan kegiatan terstruktur, baik harian, mingguan, bulanan maupun tahunan. Kata Kunci : Panca Jiwa, Pondok Pesantren Modern iiABSTRACT EDUCATION CONCEPT OF PANCA JIWA PONDOK IN FORMING THE FINAL OF SANTRI ISLAMIC MODERN BOARDING SCHOOL DAAR EL - FIKRI SIMPANG MESUJI SIMPANG PEMATANG DISTRICT MESUJI REGENCY By Widya Tri Hastuti The five souls of the Daar El-Fikri Modern Islamic Boarding School are a principle that is implanted in all elements in the boarding school environment which includes a spirit of sincerity, a spirit of simplicity, a spirit of self-reliance, a spirit of ukhuwah Islamiyah and a free spirit. These five principles aim to make the students have a good character and be able to answer various kinds of moral degredations that hinder educational development. So that its implementation is needed as a first step in building a moral education system for the Indonesian nation. This type of research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. This research is a field research, the method used is the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data source of this research is the family of Daar El-Fikri Islamic Boarding School. Analysis of the data used in this study using data reduction which is then presented in descriptive form and verified by drawing conclusions. The results showed that the concept of five souls education in the Daar El-Fikri Modern Islamic Boarding School Simpang Mesuji, Simpang Pematang District, Mesuji Regency through five souls education was formed the students' morals of Daar El-Fikri Islamic Boarding School which was built through activities determined by the leader of the boarding school, namely activities. extracurricular activities and structured activities, whether daily, weekly, monthly or yearly. Keywords : Five Souls. Modern Islamic Boarding Schoo

Heavy Metal Content of Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) in Green Mussels (Perna viridis) and Sediments of Sawojajar Waters, Brebes

Green mussel (Perna viridis) is one of the spesies in Bivalve class which filter the food particles from their surroundings. As filter feeder, it captured anything including plankton, detritus, and even heavy metals. Heavy metals content in green mussels could become dangerous due to the bioaccumulation process. This research aimed to determine the levels of heavy metals Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) not only in the tissues of green mussels but also in the sediments of Sawojajar waters, Brebes; current study also determined the feasibility of green mussels for consumption in the perspective of food safety. The method used in this research was a field survey method which conducted in June 2022. The analysis method used AAS refers to the American Public Health Association (APHA) with laboratory tests conducted at the Productivity and Aquatic Environment Laboratory of IPB. The results showed that the content of heavy metal Cd in green mussel samples was at 0.19 mg.kg-1 which was meet the threshold concentration. Whereas, the heavy metal Cr in green mussels’ tissue exceeded the threshold of chromium concentration at 0.21 mg.kg-1. In addition, the heavy metal content of Cd and Cr in sediment were still meet the threshold concentration at 3.2 mg.kg-1 and 0.13 mg.kg-1 respectively. In terms of food safety, the EDI (Estiate Daily Intake) value based on the results of heavy metals Cd and Cr concentrations was 0.11 and 0.13 µg.kg-1.day-1 respectively. The result indicated that these heavy metals concentration had low risk in causing health issue. In the same way, the target hazard value (THQ) of Cd and Cr were not exceeded the RfD (Reference Dose) at 0.109 and  0.036 respectively. These value of THQ for both Cd and Cr indicated low risk in causing cancer and the green mussels are meet the food safety standar

EVALUASI STATUS VIRULENSI ISOLAT Bacillus anthracis ASALNUSA TENGGARA DAN PAPUA MENGGUNAKAN METODE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION MULTIPLEX

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi status virulensi 22 isolat Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) asal Nusa Tenggara dan Papua  menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex dengan dua pasang primer nukleotida yang memiliki target amplifikasi gen spesifik pada kedua plasmid. Ektraksi DNA dilakukan dengan metode lisis panas. Pasangan primer PA5 dan PA8 digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi gen pagA pada pXO1, sedangkan pasangan primer 1234 F dan 1301 R mengamplifikasi gen capABC pada pXO2. Hasil reaksi PCR menghasilkan dua pita DNA berukuran sekitar 600 dan 800 bp pada 20 isolat. Namun, dua isolat lain, masing-masing hanya memiliki salah satu dari kedua ukuran pita DNA tersebut. Sebagian besar koleksi isolat asal Nusa Tenggara dan Papua (91%) masih memiliki kedua plasmid secara lengkap (pXO1+/2+) dan karena itu bersifat virulen, sedangkan dua isolat lain (9%) telah kehilangan salah satu plasmid virulennya sehingga bersifat avirulen. Disimpulkan bahwa PCR multiplex dengan dua pasang primer dengan target amplifikasi pada plasmid dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi status virulensi isolat B. anthraci

Deteksi Virus Newcastle Disease pada Burung Merpati (Columba Livia) dan Burung Tekukur (Streptopilia Chinensis) yang Menunjukkan Gejala Syaraf

Dewasa ini dilaporkan banyak kasus pada burung merpati (Columba Livia) dan burung tekukur (Streptopilia Chinensis) menunjukkan gejala syaraf, terutama: tortikolis, dan kepala gemetar, yang merupakan indikasi penyakit Newcastle Disease (ND). Kedua spesies burung tersebut banyak berkeliaran di lokasi farm ayam komersial untuk mencari pakan. Kondisi tersebut dapat bertindak sebagai faktor penular penyakit ND. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi virus ND pada burung merpati dan burung tekukur yang memperlihatkan gejala saraf, dengan uji serologis dan molekuler. Sampel darah diambil dari vena brakhialis, diproses untuk mendapatkan serum darah. Serum tersebut selanjutnya diuji dengan uji hemaglutinasi inhibisi (HI), untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND. Sampel pool otak, trakea, dan lien diekstraksi RNA-nya dan diamplifikasi dengan primer spesifik gen F virus ND. Sampel pool tersebut juga dikultur pada telur ayam berembrio specific pathogen free (TAB-SPF). Identifikasi dilakukan dengan uji hemaglutinasi (HA) dan HI dengan serum kontrol positif ND. Hasil deteksi serologis 7 sampel burung merpati menunjukkan titer antibodi ND bervariasi dari titer 25 sampai 28., sedangkan 2 sampel diperoleh seronegatif dengan titer 20. Salah satu pool gerusan organ kode M3/Sleman/2021 menunjukkan hasil RT-PCR positif. Analisis sekuens isolat virus ND tersebut termasuk NDV virulen dan dikelompokkan ke dalam genotipe VII-i. Pasase pool sampel organ tersebut masing-masing dikultur pada TAB-SPF dengan pasase sebanyak 3 kali, menunjukkan hasil negatif

PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK Spirulina plantesis TERHADAP Ig-M, JARINGAN LIMPA DAN DIFERENSIAL LEUKOSIT IKAN MAS SETELAH DIINFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila

Disease of Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) is a bacterial disease that often attacks the carp (Cyprinus carpio) and the type of tropical freshwater fish other.The appearance of bacterial disease because of infection Aeromonas hydrophila and known as a red spot disease. Diseases caused by A. hydrophila, making blooding on part of body such as skin, stomach and the base of the fin, which disease can caused death in farmed fish. One of the efforts to prevent the spread of diseases caused by bacteria so giving natural ingredients that can modulate the immune system. Immunomodulator is a compound that can modulate (weaken or strengthen) the immune response. One result of the sea that can be used a medicine and has many benefits is Spirulina platensis. Spirulina platensis has phenolic and flavonoid compound. Compounds of flavones and phenol groups have been shown to increase the immune response. The research was conducted in Mei 2016 and was completed in July 2016 which was done in the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University Surabaya. This study aimed to analyze the effect of extracts of Spirulina platensis on levels of Ig-M, histopathology of spleen and differential leukocyte value in carp after infected A. hydrophila. Giving extraction of S. platensis made by deeping. Deeping of extracts S. platensis made after A. hydrophila infected in Carp. Deeping done 2x, the second day and the seventh day after infection with A. hydrophila. Dose deeping consist are 0 ppm (control), a dose of 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 200 ppm. Deeping time performed for 30 minutes. The results was showed immersion S.platensis extract dose of 200 ppm on day 7 that make increase of Ig-M, differential leukocyte and make low damage of structure spleen tissue carp caused attack from A. hydrophila

Antimicrobial sensitivity of Avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from layers in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background and Aim: Infectious coryza (IC) is an upper respiratory disease of chicken caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum. Its clinical symptoms are swollen face and malodorous sinus exudate. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial sensitivity of A. paragallinarum isolates from layers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The samples used in this study were 30 layers that showed IC symptoms. The colony and cell morphology were observed with Gram staining; then, biochemical tests (catalase, oxidase, urease, indole, and motility tests, and carbohydrate fermentation tests using lactose, maltose, mannitol, and sorbitol) were performed to the suspected colony to identify A. paragallinarum. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed using several antibiotic disks against A. paragallinarum isolates that were cultured on Mueller-Hinton Agar. Results: Out of 30 samples, 24 samples (80%) were found positive for A. paragallinarum. All isolates were sensitive to ampicillin (AMP) and amoxicillin (AML) (100%), and chloramphenicol (C) (91.6%). The antibiotics with intermediate sensitivity were enrofloxacin (79.2%), fosfomycin (75%), and ciprofloxacin (54.2%). The isolates were most resistant to erythromycin (100%), followed by tetracycline (87.5%), streptomycin (83.3%), doxycycline and kanamycin (70.8%), and trimethoprim (62.5%). Conclusion: Out of the total samples, 24 samples (80%) from layers with IC symptoms were identified biochemically as A. paragallinarum. It was sensitive to AMP, AML, and C

Histopatologi Ikan Kerapu Macan yang Diimbuhi Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Diuji Tantang Vibrio alginolyticus (HISTOPHATOLOGY OF TIGER GROUPER SUPPLEMENTED WITH LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AND CHALLENGED BY VIBRIO ALGINOLYTICUS)

Supplementation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotic in aquaculture has been reported toincrease fish growth and enhance their resistance against diseases. The aim of this study was to figureout histological changes of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) fed with LAB isolates followed bych

Supplementation of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Feed Induced Non-Specific Immune Response of Tiger Grouper (SUPLEMENTASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PADA PAKAN MERANGSANG TANGGAP KEBAL NON SPESIFIK IKAN KERAPU MACAN)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have an ability to enhance innate responses in fish. The aim of this studywas to study the effect of three LAB isolates (Kerapu Situbondo Usus: KSBU 12C, KSBU 5Da, and KSBU9 on non-specific immune responses of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). The fish were fed dietsupplemented with each of the bacterial isolates at final concentration of 108 CFU mL-1 twice every day.The haematology parameters (haematocrit, leucocyte count, heterophils/neutrophils, monocytes,lymphocytes), phagocytic activity and total LAB were measured every seven days. After 28 days, the fishwere challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus. During the feeding period, the haematocrit values of fish fed withLAB isolates were higher than those of control group, and values ranged from 24.67±8.33 % to 40.50±7.09%. The leucocyte counts increased, mainly after being challenged with V. alginolyticus, and the valuesranged from 40.33 ±6.03 × 1000 cell mL-1 to 139.33±15.57 × 1000 cell mL-1. With the exception oflymphocytes, proportion of heterophils and monocytes, and phagocytic activity were higher in fish fed withLAB isolates than those of control. The presence of LAB in the gastrointestinal tract of fish fed with LABresulted in higher haematology parameters and phagocytic activity in comparison to fish fed control diet.In conclusion, supplementation of LAB in diet could enhance non-specific immune response of tiger grouper

Combinations of herbs and probiotics as an alternative growth promoter: An in vitro study

Background and Aim: Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are added to animal feed to stimulate growth and increase livestock productivity. However, the regular use of antibiotics in animal diets has a considerable contribution to the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in livestock and humans. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), and wild ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus brevis as an alternative to AGPs. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activities and probiotic stimulatory effects of herbs were screened through the disc diffusion method and optical densitometry. The inhibitory ability of probiotics against pathogens was also tested through the disc diffusion method. The adhesion ability of probiotics was tested by mixing the optimal herbal combinations with broiler intestinal epithelial cells (105 cells/ml). The cells were then subjected to Gram staining, and the number of adherent bacteria was calculated. Results: The test results showed that 3.13% ethanolic wild ginger extract had the highest inhibitory activity against Salmonella Enteritidis, followed by ethanolic red ginger extract and aqueous wild ginger extract at the same concentration. The three extracts also supported the growth of L. acidophilus and L. brevis. Further tests showed that the combination of 3.13% ethanolic red ginger extract had the highest inhibitory activity against S. Enteritidis, followed by ethanolic and aqueous wild ginger extract at the same concentration. The three extracts also supported the growth of L. acidophilus and L. brevis. Further tests showed that the combination of 3.13% ethanolic red ginger extract and 3.13% aqueous wild ginger extract had the best inhibitory effect on the growth of S. Enteritidis. The stimulatory effect of the combinations of herbal extract on the growth of L. acidophilus (0.18±0.00) and L. brevis (0.21±0.01) was better than those of individual extract, positive controls, and the glucose control. L. acidophilus and L. brevis had a weak inhibitory effect on the growth of S. Enteritidis (<6 mm). The adhesion ability of L. acidophilus (420.00±28.21) and L. brevis (259.33±24.03) was stronger than that of S. Enteritidis (202.00±14.00) under treatment with combined extracts. Conclusion: The tested combinations of herbs and probiotics can adhere to the intestinal tract. Given this characteristic, herb and probiotic combinations may be developed as an alternative to conventional AGPs

Identification of

The use of antibiotic growth promoter as a feed additive for animals in Indonesia has been prohibited and regulated in law, starting from January 1, 2018. Alternative replacement for antibiotic was investigatedand introduced to farms such as probiotic. The commonly used probiotic was from the genus Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus. The aim of this study was to identify the Lactobacillus strains isolates from Jawa Super chicken excreta. Identification was based on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. The sample was collected from Jawa Super chicken in Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Each sample was diluted in 0.9% sterile saline and plated on MRS agar containing bromocresol purple. All plates were incubated at 37°C under anaerobic condition. Isolates were identified morphology, physiology, and biochemistry based on fermentation of carbohydrate by using Analytical Profile Index (API 50 CHL). This study showed that isolates belong to 2 categories of fermentation, facultatively heterofermentative and obligately heterofermentative. Not all isolates can grow at 10°C, but survive to low pH. Based on biochemical analysis isolates identify as L. brevis and L. pentosus. L. brevis and L. pentosus were strains of the Lactobacillus found in the excreta