A bluegreen development : a design proposal with focus on bluegreen infrastructure concerning the planned districtJakobsberg in Karlstad

Intensifierade skyfall och större risk för översvämningar ökar behovet av nya lösningar. Blågrön infrastruktur kan vara framtidens lösning på städers dagvattenhantering. Med blågröna lösningar kan även hållbarheten och attraktiviteten öka i städerna. Vi har undersökt hur en stadsdel kan gestaltas som är anpassad för framtidens påfrestningar, samtidigt som den upplevs trivsam och skapar mervärden för både djur och människor. Genom att skapa lösningar som tillgodoser flera problem samtidigt, kan städer bli mer kostnadseffektiva eftersom separata lösningar både kräver utrymme och är kostsamma. Översvämningar är i de flesta fall det naturfenomen som kan orsaka störst skador och kosta samhället mest, jämfört med någon annan naturkatastrof. Samtidigt kan klimatförändringarna komma att förvärra situationen med ökad intensitet och frekvens av skyfall i kombination med längre perioder av torka. Karlstad kommun planerar att bygga en ny stadsdel som med stor risk kommer vara utsatt för översvämningar i framtiden. Det planeras en jordvall som översvämningsskydd runt området. Jordvallen skyddar Jakobsberg från älven intill men stänger också in regnvattnet i området. Därför ställs höga krav på att dagvattnet ska omhändertas lokalt i Jakobsberg. Pumpstationer kommer användas för att leda vidare vattnet till recipientema, dock kommer det ökade antalet hårdgjorda ytor i den framtida stadsdelen leda till större påfrestningar på de rörbaserade systemen. Vi har därmed undersökt- med hjälp av blågrön infrastruktur- hur dagvatten kan omhändertas och avlasta de rörbaserade systemen i detta området Blågrön infrastruktur kan med fördel utnyttjas för att dämpa effekterna av skyfall och översvämningar, samtidigt som systemen bidrar med andra värden. I uppsatsen så beskrivs hur blågröna­system kan användas, konstrueras och kombineras för att effektivisera dagvattenhanteringen. BGl­systemen kan antingen anläggas som separata konstruktioner eller kombineras med andra enheter. Vid extrema regn krävs att flera BGI- enheter är anslutna tiII varandra för att regnvattnet ska tas om hand på bästa sätt.Intensified rainfall and greater risk of flooding increase the need for new solutions. Bluegreen infrastructure (BGI) can be the solution to rainwater management in future urban areas. With blue-green solutions, sustainability and attractiveness can also increase in the cities. We have investigated how a neighborhood can be designed that is adapted to the climate change of the future, while at the same time the design is perceived pleasant and creates added value for both animals and people. By creating solutions that cater for multiple problems, cities can become more cost-effective, as separate solutions both require space and are more costly. Flooding is in most cases the natural phenomenon that can cause the greatest damage and cost society the most, compared to any other natural disaster. At the same time, climate change may exacerbate the situation with increased intensity and frequency of rainfall combined with longer periods of drought. Karlstad municipality plans to build a new district that will be at high risk of flooding in the future. A wall of soil is planned as flood protection around the area. The wall will protect Jakobsberg from the river next to the area, but it will also enclose the rainwater inside the same area. Therefore, high demands are placed on the disposal of stormwater locally in Jakobsberg. Pumpstations will be used to pass on the stormwater to the recipients, but the increased number of hardened surfaces in the planned district will lead to greater stress on the pipe- based systems. Therefore we have investigated- with the help of blue-green infrastructure - how stormwater can be disposed of and relieve the pipe-based systems in this area. BGI can advantageously be used to dampen the effects of rainfall and flooding, while at the same time providing the system with other values. This essay describes how blue-green systems can be used, constructed and combined to make stormwater management more efficient. BGI systems can either be constructed as separate structures or combined with other units. In extreme rainfall, several BGI units are required to be connected to each other in order for the rainwater to be handled in the best possible way

The Signal of Regard: William Godwin’s Correspondence Networks

© 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. The letter is a gift of attention, in which the writer seeks to communicate regard by means of a signal crafted uniquely for the recipient. The concept of regard, as developed by the economic historian Avner Offer, indicates both attention and approbation. Adam Smith took it to be the driver of human exchange in emotions as much as in commerce. The exchange of regard captures the logic of a prodigious correspondent like William Godwin. The personalization of the gift signal is an attempt to convey an obligation to reciprocate. Godwin was attuned to this obligation and worked hard to fulfil it—with varying degrees of success. His correspondents encompassed almost every significant literary and political figure on the political left from the era of the French Revolution to the 1832 Reform Act. The children of the Godwin household were nourished by bonds of reciprocity, which they developed and extended when, in adulthood, they dispersed across Europe. The letters of Godwin and his correspondents embody a larger conversation, allowing intimacy to be preserved at a distance. The signals they once created for each other may now be received by us

Drowning by numbers: On reading, writing and bibliometrics

The purpose of this text is manifold. The primary purpose is to look into the effects of marketization of academia on the reading habits of academics, which also demands a problematization of reading and its role in the process of creating new knowledge. The second purpose is to discuss and problematize the citation as a sign of intellectual debt. And the third, but not least important, purpose is to write a text that demands the reader to read in a manner that is necessary to learn, instead of writing it in a manner that is adapted to promoting "citability". And so of course, what I would like more than anything to teach the reader is that the only possible way forward, the only method of reproducing real scholarship in a commodified setting, is to live it yourself. This way of writing a text is my way of living eal scholarship. If this does not agree with you - don't bother citing me