Pavement condition survey in road along Kampung Selancar Pagoh

Road maintenance involves in remedying defects such as potholes, patch, edge defects and etc. that occurs in the carriageway. The corrective maintenance and providing treatments is carried out from time to time to slow the rate of deterioration (preventative maintenance). Road maintenance is essential to preserve the road in its originally constructed condition, protect adjacent resources and user safety and provide, and convenient travel along the route. Before doing any road maintenance, the defects should be determined first. The place chosen in Kampung Selancar, Pagoh which is the defects determination are carried out along 1km carriageway..

A Protocol of Process Evaluations of Interventions for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Background Process evaluations of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can provide insight and inform us on the intervention implementation, the causal mechanisms and the contextual factors. This will inform about interventions’ success or failure due to their implementation or the interventions themselves. We aim to consolidate the methodology from previous process evaluations of complex interventions upon their findings on facilitators and barriers to address the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Comprehensive search will be conducted on electronic databases and reference lists of recent reviews for RCTs of complex interventions which address process evaluations of diabetes prevention intervention (DPI) for women with GDM in healthcare settings. There is no restriction on the language of the papers and year of publication until December 2020. Data from each study will be extracted by two reviewers independently using standardised forms. Data extracted include descriptive items on the study design and the outcomes of process evaluations from the three dimensions: (1) implementation; (2) mechanism of impact and (3) context. The quality of the studies will be assessed using mixed methods appraisal tool which is designed for the appraisal of mixed studies in systematic reviews. A narrative and framework analysis of the findings will be presented to inform the contents of a new DPI for women with GDM. Discussion The findings from this process evaluation findings are valuable in determining whether a complex intervention should be scaled up or modified for other contexts in future plan. It will give deeper understanding of potential challenges and solutions to aid in the implementation of effective DPIs for GDM in Malaysia

A mobile phone app for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Malaysian women with gestational diabetes mellitus: Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial

Background: Over 50% of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) will develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) in later life. Asian women experience a disproportionate risk of both GDM and T2D compared to women from other ethnic backgrounds. Lifestyle interventions and behavior change can delay or even prevent the onset of T2D. We have developed a digitalized diabetes prevention intervention for the prevention of T2D in Malaysian women with GDM. Objective: The protocol describes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the feasibility of undertaking a definitive trial of a diabetes prevention intervention, including a smartphone app and group support. Secondary aims are to summarize anthropometric, biomedical, psychological, and lifestyle outcomes overall and by allocation group, and to undertake a process evaluation. Methods: This is a two-arm parallel feasibility RCT. A total of 60 Malaysian women with GDM will be randomized in the antenatal period to receive the intervention or standard care until 12 months post partum. The intervention is a diabetes prevention intervention delivered via a smartphone app developed based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of behavior change and group support using motivational interviewing. The intervention provides women with tailored information and support to encourage weight loss through adapted dietary intake and physical activity. Women in the control arm will receive standard care. The Malaysian Ministry of Health’s Medical Research and Ethics Committee has approved the trial (NMRR-21-1667-60212). Results: Recruitment and enrollment began in February 2022. Future outcomes will be published in peer-reviewed health-related research journals and presented at national, regional, or state professional meetings and conferences. This publication is based on protocol version 2, January 19, 2022. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this will be the first study in Malaysia that aims to determine the feasibility of a digital intervention in T2D prevention among women with GDM. Findings from this feasibility study will inform the design of a full-scale RCT in the future

Aktiviti antimalaria secara in vitro kompleks logam ligan makrosiklik tetraaza terhadap strain Plasmodium falciparum K1

Malaria masih lagi kekal menjadi salah satu penyakit endemik yang boleh membawa maut dan rawatan yang digunakan kini untuk merawat malaria adalah terapi gabungan artemisinin. Namun begitu, akses kepada rawatan ini adalah sangat terhad dan memberi kesan besar kepada negara miskin disebabkan kos terapi yang tinggi. Penilaian aktiviti antimalaria bagi kompleks organologam berasaskan ligan makroksiklik tetraaza masih kurang meluas dijalankan. Ligan makrosiklik tetraaza 5,5,7,12,12,14- heksametil-1,4,8,11- tetraazasiklotetradeka-7,14-dienium bromida, dikomplekskan dengan empat logam peralihan iaitu Cu(II), Pb(II) dan Ni(II) dan Cd(II). Aktiviti antimalarial secara in vitro ke atas strain parasit Plasmodium falciparum yang rintang terhadap klorokuina, K1 ditentukan dan dibandingkan dengan aktiviti antiplasmodial sebatian klorokuina dan artemisinin. Kompleks [Cd(L)(OAc)]Br- merencat pertumbuhan parasit dengan 50% kepekatan perencatan berkesan (EC50) dalam julat aktiviti antiplasmodium yang poten (EC50100 μM). Nilai indeks pemilihan yang tinggi turut ditunjukkan oleh kompleks Cd(II) iaitu 60.5 seterusnya menjadikan kompleks ini berpotensi untuk dibangunkan sebagai agen antimalaria

L'dumblr "world's smartest and trusted tumbler" / Muhammad Hafizuddin Md. Razif...[et al.]

The business of L'Dumblr is based on the technological business that brings new and efficient product to the customer to make their life become easier. This business develops product that can solve ease an individual's work. Within a period of 2 years of researching and development, our company introduced L'Dumbler to the market. The L'Dumblr is a developed tumbler inspired from self-stir mugs where the L'Dumblr tumbler have features to stir drinks with a push of a button, maintain the heat of tea or coffee drinks with some other featured function. This product has become more popular amongst tourist, student and workers. L'Dumblr has many functions that help make our morning easy especially for people whom favors to bring their own home made drinks to the office. The L'Dumblr is a product that avoids drinks from spilling when the tumbler falls or slips from consumer hands or maybe tumbles from the table or car where it has an anti-spill lid which consists of a strong and secured sealant rubber holding the water from spillage even after hard-fall. The L'DUMBLR COMPANY is targeting market based on three types of customer which are tourists, university students and also workers. This is because of the tumbler function that fits the targeted customer's behavior and lifestyle where they lack of time to visit coffee shops, thus, making this product very useful to their needs. In order to enter the market, every company must conduct a competitor analysis to know the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors. This is done to acknowledge their position in the market, the methods used to attract customers and the size of their market. We also need to have knowledge in making judgments in terms of pricing, promoting, advertising, branding and other aspects. Therefore, L'DUMBLR COMPANY must make sure that each type of product released to the market must be able to compete with surrounding competitors. The disadvantage of L'Dumblr is that the competitor's product is better known in the market

The Current State-Of-Art of Copper Removal from Wastewater: A Review

Copper is one of the chemical elements that is widely used in various sectors nowadays together with the development of civilization especially in agricultural and industrial sectors. Copper is also considered as one of the heavy metals that is commonly present in wastewater. This preliminary study conducted is mainly focused on the techniques of removal of copper in wastewater. There are a variety of approaches for treating industrial effluent contaminated with heavy metals such as copper. Copper separation can be accomplished using a variety of technologies, each of which has advantages that vary depending on the application. Chemical removal techniques that are commonly used for copper removal are adsorption, cementation, membrane filtration, electrochemical method, and photocatalysis. This study compares the fundamentals and performances of the treatment techniques in addition to the future perspective of copper removal in detail. The study highlights the present research in terms of its strengths and shortcomings, pointing out deficiencies that need to be addressed in future studies, pointing to future research prospects

The Current State-Of-Art of Copper Removal from Wastewater: A Review

Copper is one of the chemical elements that is widely used in various sectors nowadays together with the development of civilization especially in agricultural and industrial sectors. Copper is also considered as one of the heavy metals that is commonly present in wastewater. This preliminary study conducted is mainly focused on the techniques of removal of copper in wastewater. There are a variety of approaches for treating industrial effluent contaminated with heavy metals such as copper. Copper separation can be accomplished using a variety of technologies, each of which has advantages that vary depending on the application. Chemical removal techniques that are commonly used for copper removal are adsorption, cementation, membrane filtration, electrochemical method, and photocatalysis. This study compares the fundamentals and performances of the treatment techniques in addition to the future perspective of copper removal in detail. The study highlights the present research in terms of its strengths and shortcomings, pointing out deficiencies that need to be addressed in future studies, pointing to future research prospects