Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of palladium(ii) aroylhydrazone complexes in mizoroki-heck reaction

The palladium catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction represents one of the most important methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bond in organic synthesis. The application of palladium(II) Schiff base complexes as homogenous catalyst have gained interest due to their high stability and flexibility. This dissertation reports on the synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity performance of new palladium(II) aroylhydrazone complexes in the homogenous Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reaction under optimum condition. Two new aroylhydrazone ligands have been synthesized by condensation reaction between salicyloylhydrazide with 2-acetylpyridine and 2-benzoylpyridine in a 1:1 molar ratio. The corresponding palladium(II) complexes were synthesized by treating the ligands with one mole equivalent of bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) chloride at room temperature. All the obtained products were fully characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. The spectroscopic data revealed that the aroylhydrazone ligands acted as monobasic tridentate donor, coordinating through the enolic oxygen, imine nitrogen and pyridyl nitrogen atoms to the palladium2+ ion. The performance of the palladium(II) complexes as homogeneous catalysts were evaluated in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction of arylbromide with methyl acrylate in the presence of triethylamine as base and N,N-dimethylacetamide as solvent at 120 °C. Both catalysts gave the conversion of 4-bromoacetophenone up to 100% after 24 hours with almost 100% selectivity of the expected trans-methyl 3-(4-acetylphenyl)acrylate

The supervisory styles of supervisors as perceived by counselling interns in Malaysia

Supervisors play different roles and styles during supervision process. However, the styles of supervisors in Malaysia has not been explored and investigated thoroughly. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the prevalent supervisory styles among supervisors in Malaysian public universities as perceived by counselling interns. Descriptive research design was used in this study. Sample size of 138 respondents from four public universities in Malaysia were chosen through stratified random sampling technique. The inventory used to measure the styles was The Adapted Supervisory Styles Inventory by [1]. The inventory measures four type of supervisory styles namely; Directive Teacher Style, Supportive Teacher Style, Counsellor Style and Consultant Style. The findings showed that most of the respondent perceived their supervisors using Supportive Teacher Style followed by Directive Style during supervision process. Practical and theoretical implications are then discuses

IoT in banking: the trends, threats, and solution

The Internet of Things is the next step of the digital revolution that will change consumers' lives. The Internet of Things promises to be a worthy representative of an open course in technology, economics, and culture. IoT, without a doubt, has a promising future. The modern consumer actions and uses represent inescapable digital transformations for banking institutions. Emerging digital world developments guide all banking services' digital transformation. However, the security threats of using IoT in banking are increasing. Cybercriminals such as hacking, corruption, and financial violence, data breaches, and financial expenditure risks will continue to trouble the use of IoT in banking. Therefore, this research aims to study the banking industry's existing IoT uses, issues, and challenges in adopting the IoT in the banking industry. IoT threats are highlighted in this paper. This article sets out a model dimension of the process monitoring framework for IoT security risk management. Other than that, this paper also studies the existing security risk management model of IoT in banking. Moreover, preventive IoT protection initiatives and approaches to enhance IoT protection by implementing blockchain technology and Control Model Information Structure are addressed in this article

Business Plan ICare Enterprise Beauty and Health Care / Muhd Luqman Abd Aziz ... [et all.]

Our business concept is to make our product well known in this country. The entrepreneur must know clearly what to do to run and grow its business. It is not only that the way an entrepreneur reacts to the venture that has been proposed that is matter. These things are important to ensure that the business is running properly without any wastage. Furthermore, by analysing the viability of the proposed venture, it will help the sales team to increase their productivity because of a clear mission that they have been exposed to

Configuration of a newly optimized multi-cyclones unit as a fine particulate emission separator in air pollution control

Multi-cyclones separator, which consists of many miniature cyclones, works in the same principle as single cyclone in separation of particulate matter from flue gas. However, multi-cyclone is able to attain higher collection efficiency and concurrently avoid rapid increasing of pressure drop due to the usage of small diameter cyclone. The studies on multi-cyclones are very limited and lacking especially on its design configurations due to its confidentiality and commercial reason. Thus, a configuration of a newly optimized multi-cyclone unit named as MR-deDuster is discussed and assessed in this study. Six dimensions considered in the study include diameter of cyclone (D), diameter of vortex finder (De), length of cyclone body (Lb), length of cyclone cone (Lc), length of vortex finder (S), and diameter of dust outlet (Dd). The theoretical background of the unit was developed based on the modifications of established design equations available in literatures. The selection of the new dimension and the actual size of the unit were based on two main criteria (the performance of the unit based on its cut-diameter and the ratio of axial dimensions). The predicted cut-diameter and pressure drop of the selected dimension was 1.7 μm and 86 mm of water, respectively. Meanwhile, the optimum axial ratios of the final design were Lb/D = 1.6, S/D = 1, and Lb-S/D = 0.7, with respect to the diameter of the cyclone

IoT security for smart grid environment: Issues and solutions

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the Internet's latest innovation today, where every physical object is situated or where measurement, as well as communication capacities, can be seamlessly synchronized to the Internet at various rates. The most important infrastructure, the smart grid, is called the extended version of the power grid with comprehensive Internet infrastructure. The smart grid will include billions of intelligent appliances: intelligent meters, actuators, vehicles and so on, despite a few correspondence infrastructures, whether public or private. Notwithstanding, security is viewed as one of the primary considerations hampering the large scope reception and arrangement of both the IoT vision and the smart grid. To date, the issues of IoT for the smart grid are rarely discussed empirically in any academic research. This study aims to examine security problems and challenges in the IoT smart grid system. Findings show various issues that we can categorize into three parts; component issues, system issues and network issues. As a result, this study proposes a mitigation plan for the problems highlighted by developing an IoT smart grid security component model

Factors of emerging infectious disease outbreak prediction using big data analytics: A systematic literature review

Infectious disease is an illness that can be transmitted from an infected individual to another.During the pre-vaccine era, infectious disease epidemics caused major fatalities in the population.The invention of vaccines that have dramatically reduced fatalities caused by infectious disease, led to the establishment of Global Immunization Vision and Strategy initiative that aims at increasing national vaccination coverage around the world.However, the appearance of emerging infectious disease calls for an establishment of an early warning mechanisms that can predict the next outbreak.Mathematical and statistical model that has been used to predict infectious disease outbreak used single source datasets that is inadequate for public health policymaking.Literatures suggested using big data analytics to get a better and accurate model. Big data deals not only with structured data from electronic health records but also integrate unstructured data obtained from social medias and webpages.Thus, this paper aims at identifying the factors frequently used in studies on infectious disease outbreak prediction, focusing specifically on two common disease outbreak in southeast Asia: dengue fever and measles.A systematic literature review approach that search across four databases found 284 literatures, of which 10 literatures were selected in the final process.Based on the review, it seems that studies on measles outbreak employed only single source datasets of patient data retrieved from electronic health records. Further research on measles outbreak prediction should combine various types of big data to produce more accurate prediction results

Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship ENT300 The Soapranos / Noor Ashyikin Jamali… [et al.]

The project we want to propose is a service which is housecleaning. We have chosen to be known as The Soapranos Housecleaning Enterprise. We choose this name because we believe that it will attract and get a good response from our customers. We provide our customers with a proper standard of cleaning and multi services. So, we have to ensure that our services will meet up the expectation of our company name. It is our priority to provide the best and quality services for our customers. The name given is to create an impression to the customer where it will make them feel we are here to help them to create comfortable and secure environment

Pavement condition survey in road along Kampung Selancar Pagoh

Road maintenance involves in remedying defects such as potholes, patch, edge defects and etc. that occurs in the carriageway. The corrective maintenance and providing treatments is carried out from time to time to slow the rate of deterioration (preventative maintenance). Road maintenance is essential to preserve the road in its originally constructed condition, protect adjacent resources and user safety and provide, and convenient travel along the route. Before doing any road maintenance, the defects should be determined first. The place chosen in Kampung Selancar, Pagoh which is the defects determination are carried out along 1km carriageway..

Performance Analysis of Location Tracking System for Multiple Levels

Location tracking in an indoor environment is possible with various techniques based on mechanical, acoustical, ultrasonic, optical, infrared, inertial or radio signal measurements. Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of famous tracking system as a feasible and effective outdoor tracking system. Nowadays, location tracking information and visualization of 3D graphics either in outdoor or indoor environment had been presented as one of research issues. Traditional tracking system with 2D-image standard presents only few and dull information to users. In addition 2D localization only supports one level platform (i.e. horizontally). Thus, the 3D location tracking system had been developed to support multilevel network. In this paper we developed a real-time indoor tracking system with 3D locations which are able to provide more useful location tracking information to user using radio signals. This system had been developed for multiple levels building.  For this project we used the existing Wireless Local Area Network (WLANs) attached devices called the access point (AP) to the edge of the wired network. Nodes communicate with the AP using a wireless network adapter similar in function to a traditional Ethernet adapter. The signal from the nodes or the APs that using WLAN can be read or calculated using Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) due to its low-cost solutions. Besides that, the system operates in the IPv6 network to provide more reliable system. The localization algorithm use is triangulation method which is suitable for indoor environment. In this paper we present the results of the 3D location tracking for one level as well as two level building. The results are comparing in terms of experimental and calculated