4,116 research outputs found
Slips, trips and falls in crowds
Crowd situations are commonplace and involve circumstances known to lead to slips, trips and falls (STF). Data from focus groups with crowd participants (5 groups, nā=ā35 individuals); observations of crowd situations (nā=ā55); and interviews with crowd organisers (nā=ā41) were analysed to examine understanding of and responses to the risk of STF in crowds. Although safety was a high priority for both crowd participants and organisers, explicit consideration of STF as a safety concern was low among both groups. Crowd observations found STF risks mitigated on some occasions and present on others, without any discernible pattern for the variation. A risk management framework for STF risk in crowds is proposed. It is concluded that improved understanding is needed of the nature and pattern of STF occurrence in crowds and the efficacy of measures for prevention.N/
A radio continuum survey of the southern sky at 1420 MHz. Observations and data reduction
We describe the equipment, observational method and reduction procedure of an
absolutely calibrated radio continuum survey of the South Celestial Hemisphere
at a frequency of 1420 MHz. These observations cover the area 0h < R.A. < 24h
for declinations less than -10 degree. The sensitivity is about 50 mK T_B (full
beam brightness) and the angular resolution (HPBW) is 35.4', which matches the
existing northern sky survey at the same frequency.Comment: 9 pages with 9 figures, A&A, in pres
Extragalactic Radio Sources and the WMAP Cold Spot
We detect a dip of 20-45% in the surface brightness and number counts of NVSS
sources smoothed to a few degrees at the location of the WMAP cold spot. The
dip has structure on scales of approximately 1-10 degrees. Together with
independent all-sky wavelet analyses, our results suggest that the dip in
extragalactic brightness and number counts and the WMAP cold spot are
physically related, i.e., that the coincidence is neither a statistical anomaly
nor a WMAP foreground correction problem. If the cold spot does originate from
structures at modest redshifts, as we suggest, then there is no remaining need
for non-Gaussian processes at the last scattering surface of the CMB to explain
the cold spot. The late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, already seen
statistically for NVSS source counts, can now be seen to operate on a single
region. To create the magnitude and angular size of the WMAP cold spot requires
a ~140 Mpc radius completely empty void at z<=1 along this line of sight. This
is far outside the current expectations of the concordance cosmology, and adds
to the anomalies seen in the CMB.Comment: revised version, ApJ, in pres
Stairway to heaven? (Ir)religious identity moderates the effects of immersion in religious spaces on self-esteem and self-perceived physical health.
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.The present research explored how immersion in religious spaces influenced self-perceived psychological and physical health among Christians and Atheists. Study 1 (N=97) provided preliminary evidence in that self-identified Christians reported higher self-esteem when they focused on their external environment outside a cathedral (versus a castle or shopping district), whereas Atheists reported higher self-esteem when they focused away from this religious environment. Study 2 (N=124) followed up on these findings by immersing Christian and Atheist participants in virtual environments. Christians reported better physical health when immersed in a cathedral (versus a mosque or museum) compared to Atheists immersed in the cathedral, who reported the greatest health while disengaging from this religious place. These results suggest that immersion in spaces that reflect oneās own religious beliefs and identity has positive consequences for health and well-being.This research was supported by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Evaluation of the School Administration Manager Project
Examines the results to date of a Wallace-supported project to help principals delegate some administrative and managerial tasks to school administration managers and spend more time interacting with teachers, students and others on instructional matters
When Sex Doesn't Sell: Using Sexualized Images of Women Reduces Support for Ethical Campaigns
This is the final version. Available on open access from Public Library of Science via the DOI in this recordImages of scantily clad women are used by advertisers to make products more attractive to men. This āsex sellsā approach is increasingly employed to promote ethical causes, most prominently by the animal-rights organization PETA. Yet sexualized images can dehumanize women, leaving an unresolved paradox ā is it effective to advertise an ethical cause using unethical means? In Study 1, a sample of Australian male undergraduates (Nā=ā82) viewed PETA advertisements containing either sexualized or non-sexualized images of women. Intentions to support the ethical organization were reduced for those exposed to the sexualized advertising, and this was explained by their dehumanization of the sexualized women, and not by increased arousal. Study 2 used a mixed-gender community sample from the United States (Nā=ā280), replicating this finding and extending it by showing that behaviors helpful to the ethical cause diminished after viewing the sexualized advertisements, which was again mediated by the dehumanization of the women depicted. Alternative explanations relating to the reduced credibility of the sexualized women and their objectification were not supported. When promoting ethical causes, organizations may benefit from using advertising strategies that do not dehumanize women.Australian Research Counci
A Search for Sub-Millisecond Pulsars
We have conducted a search of 19 southern Galactic globular clusters for
sub-millisecond pulsars at 660 MHz with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. To
minimize dispersion smearing we used the CPSR baseband recorder, which samples
the 20 MHz observing band at the Nyquist rate. By possessing a complete
description of the signal we could synthesize an optimal filterbank in
software, and in the case of globular clusters of known dispersion measure,
much of the dispersion could be removed using coherent techniques. This allowed
for very high time resolution (25.6 us in most cases), making our searches in
general sensitive to sub-millisecond pulsars with flux densities greater than
about 3 mJy at 50 cm. No new pulsars were discovered, placing important
constraints on the proportion of pulsars with very short spin periods in these
clusters.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Ap
The influence of rifle carriage on the kinetics of human gait
The inļ¬uence that riļ¬e carriage has on human gait has received little attention in the published literature. Riļ¬e carriage has two main eļ¬ects, to add load to the anterior of the body and to restrict natural arm swing patterns. Kinetic data were collected from 15 male participants, with 10 trials in each of four experimental conditions. The conditions were: walking without a load (used as a control condition); carrying a lightweight riļ¬e
simulator, which restricted arm movements but applied no additional load; wearing a 4.4 kg diving belt, which allowed arms to move freely; carrying a weighted (4.4 kg)
replica SA80 riļ¬e. Walking speed was ļ¬xed at 1.5 m/s (+5%) and data were sampled at 400 Hz. Results showed that riļ¬e carriage signiļ¬cantly alters the ground reaction forces produced during walking, the most important eļ¬ects being an increase in the impact peak and mediolateral forces. This study suggests that these eļ¬ects are due to the increased range of motion of the bodyās centre of mass caused by the impeding of natural arm swing patterns. The subsequent eļ¬ect on the potential development of injuries in riļ¬e carriers is unknown
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