On the Finsler modules over H * -algebras

Abstract. In this paper, applying the concept of generalized A-valued norm on a right H * -module and also the notion of ϕ-homomorphism of Finsler modules over C * -algebras we first improve the definition of the Finsler module over H * -algebra and then define ϕ-morphism of Finsler modules over H * -algebras. Finally we present some results concerning these new ones

The Antinociceptive Effects of Rosuvastatin in Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Male Rats

Introduction: According to studies, statins possess analgesics and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin in an experimental model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: Our study was conducted on four groups; sham, CCI (the control group), CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 5 mg/kg), and CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 10 mg/kg). We performed heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia tests on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st after inducing CCI. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and Interleukin (IL)-6. Rats' spinal cords were also examined to measure tissue concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. Results: Our findings showed that CCI resulted in significant increase in heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Rosuvastatin use attenuated the CCI-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. Rosuvastatin use also resulted in reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels. However, rosuvastatin therapy increased the concentration of SOD and GPx in the CCI+Ros (5 mg/kg) and the CCI+Ros (10 mg/kg) groups compared to the CCI group. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin attenuated the CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inflammation. Thus, antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin might be channeled through inhibition of inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant propertie

Research Paper: The antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin in chronic constriction injury model of male rats

Introduction: According to studies, statins possess analgesics and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin in an experimental model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: Our study was conducted on four groups; sham, CCI (the control group), CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 5 mg/kg), and CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 10 mg/kg). We performed heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia tests on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st after inducing CCI. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and Interleukin (IL)-6. Rats' spinal cords were also examined to measure tissue concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. Results: Our findings showed that CCI resulted in significant increase in heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Rosuvastatin use attenuated the CCI-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. Rosuvastatin use also resulted in reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels. However, rosuvastatin therapy increased the concentration of SOD and GPx in the CCI+Ros (5 mg/kg) and the CCI+Ros (10 mg/kg) groups compared to the CCI group. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin attenuated the CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inflammation. Thus, antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin might be channeled through inhibition of inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant properties

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Immunological approaches and emerging pharmacologic treatments

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is an etiological agent of pandemic COVID-19, which spreads rapidly worldwide. No proven effective therapies currently exist for this virus, and efforts to develop antiviral strategies for the treatment of COVID-19 are underway. The rapidly increasing understanding of SARS-CoV-2 virology provides a notable number of possible immunological procedures and drug targets. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In this review, we describe the latest information in the context of immunological approaches and emerging current antiviral strategies for COVID-19 treatment. © 2020 Elsevier B.V

The antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin in chronic constriction injury model of male rats

Introduction: According to studies, statins possess analgesics and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin in an experimental model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: Our study was conducted on four groups; sham, CCI (the control group), CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 5 mg/kg), and CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 10 mg/kg). We performed heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia tests on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st after inducing CCI. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and Interleukin (IL)-6. Rats' spinal cords were also examined to measure tissue concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. Results: Our findings showed that CCI resulted in significant increase in heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Rosuvastatin use attenuated the CCI-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. Rosuvastatin use also resulted in reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels. However, rosuvastatin therapy increased the concentration of SOD and GPx in the CCI+Ros (5 mg/kg) and the CCI+Ros (10 mg/kg) groups compared to the CCI group. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin attenuated the CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inflammation. Thus, antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin might be channeled through inhibition of inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant properties

Evaluation of the antioxidant effects of zolpidem in the rat model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity

Introduction: Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important side effects of cisplatin which has limited its use. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of this drug. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of zolpidem on the reduction of nephrotoxicity associated with cisplatin. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 adult male rats were divided into 4 groups; 1) healthy group, 2) control group, 3, 4) cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity + different doses of zolpidem. After a certain period of time, the urine, spinal cord and kidney samples of rats were collected. Then, urine levels of functional factors including urea, creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratio, antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were estimated. Consequently, histological studies were conducted with the collected samples. Results: Zolpidem reduced levels of urea, creatinine, albumin/creatinine ratio, and MDA. It also increased the amount of antioxidant enzymes of the kidney including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and moderated the tubular damage caused by the use of cisplatin. Conclusion: Zolpidem is able to improve the nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress

Effects of home-based walking program on fatigue in patients with cancer

Introduction: Cancer and its treatments lead to various complications such as fatigue, which is one of the most common and most annoying complications in patients with cancer. Extreme fatigue may have a significant impact on daily performance and quality of life. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effects of home-based walking program on fatigue in patients with cancer in Ilam in 2018. Methodology: This was an experimental study, which was conducted on 95 patients with cancer; they were randomly assigned to two groups: A (visited on even days) and B (visited on odd days). The experimental group performed the home-based walking program 3 times a week for 12 weeks. The control group only performed its routine activities. The patients were followed up. The research tools included demographic information and Multi-dimensional Fatigue Questionnaire (MFI). The fatigue was measured at week 12th. The data was analyzed using independent and paired t-test and chi-square. Findings: After the intervention, the mean score of fatigue in the experimental group (35.52±5.68) was significantly lower than control group (84.68±7.96) (p<0.001). Besides, following the intervention, the mean score of fatigue in the experimental group (35.52±5.68) was significantly lower than before the intervention (84.28±7.17) (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a simple and low-cost exercise program, walking can reduce the fatigue in patients with cancer; it also plays an effective role in improving the health and rehabilitation of these patients. © 2019 Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension. All rights reserved

Study of SG in rat brain hemisphere at normal and edema and its relationship with extracellular brain fluid

History and Objectives: Water content (WC) elevation of brain tissue has a direct relationship with the brain edema and determination of the water content of brain is very important. Since the alternation in WC of brain is related to the changes in the specific gravity (SG), the present investigation is carried out in order to determine SG of rat brain hemispheres at normal state and edema in order to obtain its relationship with brain water content. Materials and Methods: An experimental study was conducted and with the aid of MARMAROU method proper location is determined. A column of fluid from various layers with different SG values was obtained with the aid of paraffin and bromobenzene. Relationship between SGs and height of the column was determined. Brain tissue of rat was divided into two groups of control and experimental. Carotid arteries were closed in the experimental group for 30 minutes. Water content at both brain hemispheres in both groups by classic drying of tissue were measured and with the use fluid column, the specific gravity of each sample was determined. Relationship between SG and WC was assessed. A group of 10 rats were selected and their carotid arteries were blocked for 15 minutes in order to examine this relationship. 2 methods of drying and relationship between SG and WC were used to determine the water content and compared. Results: There was a significant difference in the WC and SG of brain tissue in both hemisphere in control and experimental groups (P<0.05). A linear relationship between SG and WC both brain hemisphere (r²=0.99) and SG dry tissue and SG of brain on both hemisphere was obtained. Assessment of relationship of SG and WC shows that significant difference in WC determined by classic dry method and WC calculated from SG values does not exist. Conclusion: With the use of paraffin and bromobenzene and creation of fluid column, a significant difference between height of column and SG exists and shows that this fluid is suitable for SG determination. There is a difference between WC and SG in two brain hemispheres. Further study is needed to investigate that underlying cause of this difference. In addition, each component of a given hemisphere ought to be studied

Prevalence of liver fluke infections in slaughtered animals in Lorestan, Iran

Fasciola spp. and Dicrocoelium dendriticum as liver flukes, contaminate ruminants and other mammalian extensively and cause major diseases of livestock that create considerable economic losses. This retrospective study has been done to evaluate contamination rate of slaughtered animals with fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis at Lorestan abattoirs. In this survey, prevalence rate of fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in slaughtered animals in a 3-year period (2010�2013) has been analyzed. A total of 356,605 livestock including 265,692 sheep and 90,913 goats were slaughtered in the 3-year period and overall 39,613 (11.1 ) livers were condemned. Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliosis were responsible for 6.3 and 4.8 of total liver condemnations in this period, respectively. Fasciola spp. and D. dendriticum infection in sheep (7.1 and 5.6 , respectively) were considerably higher than goats (3.9 and 2.6 , respectively). The annual prevalence rates showed a significant decline in the fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis infection in goats (p < 0.001). Data showed significant seasonal pattern for distomatosis in sheep and goats (p < 0.001). Liver condemnations due to fasciolosis were prevalent in sheep and goats slaughtered during spring and autumn, respectively, whereas dicrocoeliosis were common in spring season for both sheep and goats. This survey provides baseline data for the future monitoring of these potentially important parasitic infections in the region. © 2014, Indian Society for Parasitology