Emissaries of Nazism: German Student Travellers in Romania and Yugoslavia in the 1930s

In the 1930s, National Socialist students travelled from Germany to south-eastern Europe on study visits and ‘Land Service’ assignments organized by the Deutsche Studentenschaft with the aim of reaching and influencing German-speaking minority communities in Yugoslavia and Romania. Inspired by the idea of a single German Volkstum transcending state borders, the students saw themselves as emissaries of Nazism, promoting Nazi racial doctrines and techniques of social and political organization, and covertly cooperating with the ‘renewal movements’ (Erneuerungsbewegungen) of the 1930s that sought to align Romanian Germans and Yugoslav Germans more closely with the Reich. The article examines a range of trips by Reich German students to Yugoslavia and Romania between 1933 and 1939 while focusing particularly on the reports by a group of women students who travelled to Romania in 1935. It asks how far these ‘missions’ to ‘Germandom abroad’ provided additional momentum for the Nazi student movement in the Reich and explores how male and female students positioned themselves with dis- tinct roles in a ‘struggle’ that continued outside the borders of the Reich after the consolidation of National Socialist power in Germany. It shows how the students on their travels to south-eastern Europe looked for a ‘homeland away from home’ but were also gratified by discovering elements of the ‘exotic’ and ‘remote’ in the locations they visited. Finally, it asks how far travel and mobility functioned for men and for women as a commodity associated with power and influence, to be deployed in building their own careers, but also to be harnessed to the cause of widening the horizons of ‘Germans abroad’.In the 1930s, National Socialist students travelled from Germany to south-eastern Europe on study visits and ‘Land Service’ assignments organized by the Deutsche Studentenschaft with the aim of reaching and influencing German-speaking minority communities in Yugoslavia and Romania. Inspired by the idea of a single German Volkstum transcending state borders, the students saw themselves as emissaries of Nazism, promoting Nazi racial doctrines and techniques of social and political organization, and covertly cooperating with the ‘renewal movements’ (Erneuerungsbewegungen) of the 1930s that sought to align Romanian Germans and Yugoslav Germans more closely with the Reich. The article examines a range of trips by Reich German students to Yugoslavia and Romania between 1933 and 1939 while focusing particularly on the reports by a group of women students who travelled to Romania in 1935. It asks how far these ‘missions’ to ‘Germandom abroad’ provided additional momentum for the Nazi student movement in the Reich and explores how male and female students positioned themselves with dis- tinct roles in a ‘struggle’ that continued outside the borders of the Reich after the consolidation of National Socialist power in Germany. It shows how the students on their travels to south-eastern Europe looked for a ‘homeland away from home’ but were also gratified by discovering elements of the ‘exotic’ and ‘remote’ in the locations they visited. Finally, it asks how far travel and mobility functioned for men and for women as a commodity associated with power and influence, to be deployed in building their own careers, but also to be harnessed to the cause of widening the horizons of ‘Germans abroad’

Talking Ourselves: Stories of identities and linguistic possibilities of bilingual teachers working in English-medium early childhood services in the Auckland region

This thesis examines the ways in which five bilingual teachers use their two languages in English-medium early childhood services in the Auckland region. Questions regarding the possible mediation of bilingual identities for teachers and children created a further interrogation of teachers' 'lived experiences' of bilingual activity. The research, informed by critical multiculturalism, used a qualitative methodology and Narrative Inquiry that employed a spiral discourse or 'conversation' approach for data collection. The collaborative insights from participants and researcher became the foundation for further analysis. Findings revealed that bilingual teachers in the absence of government policy, worked powerfully to construct a critical bilingual praxis to counter deficit discourses of bilingualism in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Teachers' 'lived experiences' illustrated their deep knowledge of bilingualism and the use of two languages as critical linguistic and cultural resources for teaching and learning. As trusted agents for the educational and home language communities, 'doing self as bilingual teacher' worked cogeneratively to mediate bilingual identities for themselves and for children

Nutrition and Food Safety Literacy Status Among Food Pantry Supervisors and Volunteers in South Carolina

According to the USDA, food insecurity or the inadequate access to a sufficient amount of nutritious food, affects over 12.3 percent of the U.S. population including more than 680,000 South Carolinians (USDA, 2017a). These individuals find some relief from food banks and food pantries that provide meals, groceries and services to individuals experiencing hunger, poverty, food insecurity and inadequate nutritional intake. Because food banks and pantries operate on limited budgets, they rely heavily on volunteers to perform numerous activities such as handling, sorting and distributing food. For this reason, food safety education of volunteers is critical in minimizing foodborne illness among food bank and pantry clients. Nutrition education is less prevalent among volunteers at food banks and pantries, but it is emerging as a successful intervention for improving client health and food insecurity. A study was conducted to determine the nutrition and food safety literacy among supervisors and volunteers working in food banks and pantries in South Carolina. A survey of food pantry supervisors was administered to characterize South Carolina food pantries and to identify gaps in nutrition and food safety knowledge. Survey information was then used to create a series of food safety and nutrition education modules for food pantry volunteers. Pre and post-test scores of volunteers completing the modules were used to improve modules and determine knowledge retention

Does the toe-touch test predict hamstring injury in Australian Rules footballers?

This prospective cohort study evaluated the relationship of hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility to hamstring injury. Sixty–seven senior male Australian Rules footballers were videotaped while performing a toe-touch test from erect standing. The Peak Motion Measurement System was used to obtain measurements of end range hip flexion, lumbar flexion, toe-touch distance (TTD) and the ratio of lumbar spine flexion to hip flexion. Over the following football season, eight subjects (11.9 per cent) sustained a hamstring strain. Results showed no significant difference between the hamstring injured or uninjured players for any of the measured variables with no variable able to predict the likelihood of injury (p > 0.05). In this cohort, the toe-touch test would not appear to be a useful screening tool to identify footballers at risk for hamstring strain