Effect of growing conditions on yield, fiber and seed characreristics in the cotton production of central district of Aydin

Bu çalışma, Aydın ilinde, farklı yetiştirme koşullarının pamukta verim, lif ve tohum özellikleri üzerine etkisini irdelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Aydın’da pamuk yetiştiriciliği yapılan 30 farklı araziden toprak, yaprak ve kütlü pamuk örnekleri alınmıştır. Üretim sürecinde kullanılan girdiler ve yetiştirme koşulları belirlenmiştir. Toprak ve yaprak örneklerinin analiz sonuçları, sınır değerleri ile karşılaştırılarak arazilerin verimlik durumları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, lif ve tohum özelliklerinin genel dağılımı ve bunların yetiştirme koşulları ve toprak özellikleriyle olan ilişkileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre toprak ve bitki isteğine uygun gübre uygulamalarında sorunlar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların büyük bölümünde kireç ve pH değerlerinin yüksek düzeylerde olduğu, organik madde, potasyum ve bor içeriklerininise düşük seviyelerde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak analiz sonuçlarına göre de arazilerin büyük bir bölümünde azot ve fosfor içeriklerinin düşük düzeylerdir. Çırçır randımanın düşük fakat kütlü verimin yüksek, lif kalite değerleri de iyi durumdadır. Ayrıca, pamuk tohumlarının yağ ve yem değerleri arzu edilen sınırlar içinde bulunmaktadır. Verim, verim komponentleri ve kalite parametreleri ile yetiştirme koşulları ve toprak özellikleri arasında istatistiki açıdan önemli korelasyon değerleri elde edilmiştir. Özellikle toprakların tuz, N, K, Ca ve Mg içerikleri, ekim zamanı, sulama sayısı ve gübre kullanım miktarları pamukta verim, lif ve tohum özellikleri üzerine en etkili parametreler olarak belirlenmiştir.This study, has been performed to examine effect of growing conditions on yield, fıber and seed characreristics of cotton in Aydın. For this purpose, soil, leaf and lint samples were collected at 30 different fields of Aydın. The inputs used in the production process and growing conditions have been identified. The results of soil and leaf samples analysis were evaluated with critical values in order to determine the soil fertility level. In addition, the overall distribution of fiber and seed traits and their relations with soil properties and growing conditions have been determined. According to research results, there were some problems on appropriate fertilizer applications related with soil and plant requirements. Lime content and pH of soil samples were high level, while organic matter, potassium and boron contents were below the sufficiency levels in the great majority of the research aera. Similarly, when the leaf asample analysis evaluated, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were in low level in the large portion of the land. In addition, oil and feed values of cotton seed were found to be within the limits. Yield, yield components and quality parameters had statistically significanting correlations with the soil characteristics and growing conditions. Particullarly, soil salt, N, K, Ca and Mg contents, sowing date, irrigation number and amount of fertilizers used were the most effective parameters on the yield, fıber and seed characreristics of cotton

Molekularna dijagnostika i serološka istraživanja pestivirusa u ovaca.

In this research, the virological and serological presence of pestiviruses, such as border disease virus (BDV) was investigated in a sheep in the Central and Eastern Black Sea Regions of Turkey. The study material consisted of 40 organ materials collected from 13 aborted lambs, which were suspected to have pestiviruses, BDV and Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV). Viral nucleic acids were investigated by using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nine of 13 aborted lambs (69.2%) and 24 of 40 organ samples (60%) obtained from those sheep were BDV RNA positive, whilst all the animals and organ samples were BVDV-RNA negative. Serum samples collected from 401 randomly selected sheep were investigated for pestivirus antibodies using competitive ELISA (cELISA) and the serum microneutralisation test (SNT) using BVDV-NADL strain. Seropositivity was found in between 7.22 and 74.38% with cELISA and 4.81 and 67.76% with SNT. Seropositivity rates in Amasya and Tokat provinces were higher than in Samsun and Giresun. The obtained data indicated that pestivirus infection in sheep is widespread in the Central and Eastern Black Sea Region.U radu su prikazana virološka i serološka istraživanja pestivirusa odnosno borderske bolesti u ovaca na središnjem i istočnom području Crnoga mora u Turskoj. Ukupno je bilo pretraženo 40 uzoraka tkiva različitih organa uzetih od 13 pobačenih plodova pod sumnjom da je uzročnik bio virus borderske bolesti ili virus virusnog proljeva goveda. Uzorci su bili pretraženi na prisutnost virusne nukleinske kiseline lančanom reakcijom polimerazom uz prethodnu reverznu transkripciju (RT-PCR). Devet od 13 pobačenih plodova (69,2%) i 24 od 40 uzoraka tkiva organa (60%) sadržavalo je RNA virusa borderske bolesti. Svi pretraženi uzorci bili su negativni na virus virusnoga proljeva. Uzorci seruma nasumce prikupljeni od 401 ovce bili su pretraženi na prisutnost specifičnih protutijela uporabom kompetitivnoga imunoenzimnoga testa (cELISA) i serum neutralizacijskoga testa (SNT) sa sojem NADL virusa virusnoga proljeva goveda. Ustanovljeno je da sepostotak serološki pozitivnih cELISA-om kretao od 7,22 do 74,38%, a SNT-om od 4,81 do 67,76%. Postotak serološki pozitivnih životinja u provincijama Amasya i Tokat bio je veći nego u provincijama Samsun i Giresun. Rezultati upućuju na zaključak da su pestivirusne zaraze rasprostranjene u ovaca na središnjem i istočnom području Crnoga mora

Seroprevalencija goveđeg herpevirusa 1 u ovaca u Turskoj.

In the present study, sera from 1146 sheep from eight different locations in the northern provinces of Turkey were investigated against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) by a conventional method, as serum neutralization. Prevalence of antibodies detected against BHV-1 in sheep was found to be 1.74% (20/1146). Serum samples obtained from sheep from 4 different provinces were detected negative against BHV-1. As a result, with this study presence of BHV-1 was detected for the first time in sheep in the northern provinces of Turkey.Uzorci seruma 1146 ovaca s osam različitih mjesta u sjevernom području Turske bili su pretraženi na goveđi herpesvirus 1 (GHV-1) uobičajenim serum neutralizacijskim testom. Specifična protutijela za GHV-1 dokazana su u 1,74% (20/1146) ovaca. Protutijela za GHV-1 nisu bila dokazana u uzorcima uzetima od ovaca u četirima područjima. Time je prvi put dokazana zaraza tim virusom u ovaca u sjevernim provincijama Turske

Prevalencija triju virusa medonosne pčele u Turskoj

In this study, 10 worker bees from each of 28 different apiaries were collected (a total of 280 honey bees) from 6 provinces of the Black Sea region in Turkey. These samples were tested by Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), for three honey bee viruses: acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) and black queen cell virus (BQCV). In addition, the samples were microscopically examined for Varroa destructor. In conclusion, CBPV, BQCV and Varroa destructor were identified in 25%, 21.42% and 53.57% of the bees respectively, but ABPV could not be detected in apiaries. This is the first report of CBPV, BQCV in Turkey.Prikupljeno je po 10 radilica s 28 različitih pčelinjaka u šest provincija na području oko Crnoga mora u Turskoj. Uzorci su bili pretraženi lančanom reakcijom polimerazom uz prethodnu reverznu transkripciju (RTPCR) na tri virusa medonosne pčele: virus akutne pčelinje paralize, virus kronične pčelinje paralize i virus crnih matičnjaka. Uzorci su povrh toga bili pretraženi na prisutnost parazita Varroa destructor. Virus kronične paralize bio je ustanovljen u 25%, virus crnih matičnjaka u 21,4% i Varroa destructor u 53,57% pčela dok virus akutne pčelinje paralize nije bio dokazan. Ovo je prvi dokaz prisutnosti virusa kronične pčelinje paralize i virusa crnih matičnjaka u Turskoj

Characterisation of the First Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3 Isolate Detected in Cattle in Turkey

A respiratory disease outbreak on a cattle farm in northern Turkey produced respiratory tract symptoms and severe pneumonia symptoms in 20 calves. Eight calves died, and a lung specimen from one carcass was analysed for bacteria and for viruses of the Bovine respiratory diseases complex. Bacteriological analysis was negative, but antigen detection ELISA and RT-PCR results indicated the presence of Bovine parainfluenza virus (BPIV). Virus isolation succeeded on Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney cells, and subsequent whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis identified BPIV-3c. This is the first report of BPIV-3c isolation from cattle in Turkey, indicating the need for more virological and epidemiological studies

Molekularna epizootiologija jednodnevne groznice goveda u Turskoj

In this study, the molecular epidemiology of bovine ephemeral fever in Turkey was investigated, on the basis of a comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the virus that caused the last outbreak, between early August and late November 2012, with those of the strains from the 1985 and 2008 outbreaks in Turkey, as well as BEF virus (BEFV) strains from Far Eastern countries, Israel and Australia. In the NJ analysis, the BEF viruses from the 1985 and 2008 outbreaks in Turkey were placed in the same cluster as the Israel isolates, while the 2012-outbreak BEFVs were placed in a different cluster, with the East Asian strains.Istražena je molekularna epizootiologija jednodnevne groznice goveda u Turskoj. Nukleotidni slijed genoma virusa koji je uzrokovao posljednju epizootiju bolesti koja je u Turskoj harala od početka kolovoza do kraja studenoga 2012. godine bio je uspoređen s nukleotidnim sljedovima sojeva izdvojenih od 1985. do 2008. kao i sojeva iz dalekoistočnih zemalja, Izraela i Australije. Primjenom metode susjednog sparivanja, sojevi dokazani u Turskoj između 1985. i 2008. svrstani su u istu skupinu s izraelskim sojevima, dok su sojevi iz 2012. pripadali istočnoazijskoj skupini

Seroepidemiological study of west nile virus and rift valley Fever virus in some of Mammalian species (herbivores) in northern Turkey.

Background: West Nile virus (WNV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) are mosquito-borne viral diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the RVFV and WNV infections as serologically in different mammalian species (cattle, horse, goat, sheep and water buffalo) in the northern Turkey. Methods: Blood samples randomly collected from 70 each cattle, horse, sheep, goat and water buffalo were ana- lyzed for the presence of antibodies to RVFV and WNV using an competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) in northern Turkey. Results: None of the animals were positive for antibodies to RVFV. In contrast, WNV antibodies were found in two of 350 samples (0.57%). Conclusion: This may suggest that the RVFV disease is not present in northern Turkey.This is the first serological study on RVFV in Turkey