Veuvage et remariage à Québec à la fin du xixe siècle : une analyse différentielle selon le genre

De la littérature portant sur le veuvage et sur le remariage au xixe siècle en Occident émerge un constat général : les hommes se remariaient davantage que les femmes. Rares sont néanmoins les études analysant les facteurs déterminant cette disparité observée entre les genres. Reposant sur l’exploitation d’un corpus de données issu du jumelage des données censitaires de 1891 et de 1901 (PHSVQ, CIEQ-Laval) et des données des registres de mariages de 1890 à 1899 (BALSAC, UQAC) de la ville de Québec, notre article vise à mettre en lumière les différences de comportements, c’est-à-dire entre le fait de demeurer en état de viduité et de se remarier, en fonction du genre. À partir d’analyses de régression logistique, nos résultats mettent en évidence une forte disparité entre les genres quant à la propension au veuvage et au remariage, mais témoignent également du fait que les comportements des veufs et des veuves en matière de veuvage et de remariage s’avèrent distincts parce qu’élaborés stratégiquement dans un contexte de forte différenciation sexuelle du travail où les rôles performés par chacun des genres sont socialement déterminés.From the literature pertaining to widowhood and remarriage in the xixth century in the western society, the following observation emerges : men tended to remarry more than women. Nevertheless, few studies focus on the factors determining this observed disparity between genders. Based on linked data drawn from the 1871 to 1901 census data (PHSVQ, CIEQ-Laval ) and 1870 to 1899 marriage acts (BALSAC,UQAC), this article intends to illustrate the distinctive motivation between genders for remarrying or remaining a widow. Using a logistic regression analysis, our results show a strong disparity between genders with regards to the inclination to remarry or remain widowed. Additionally, our results also testify that this distinction in the widower’s and widow’s matrimonial behavior is related to the context of strong division of labor in which men and women’s roles were socially determined during these times

Absolute Calibration of a Large-diameter Light Source

A method of absolute calibration for large aperture optical systems is presented, using the example of the Pierre Auger Observatory fluorescence detectors. A 2.5 m diameter light source illuminated by an ultra--violet light emitting diode is calibrated with an overall uncertainty of 2.1 % at a wavelength of 365 nm.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to JINS

Chromosomal disorders and male infertility

Infertility in humans is surprisingly common occurring in approximately 15% of the population wishing to start a family. Despite this, the molecular and genetic factors underlying the cause of infertility remain largely undiscovered. Nevertheless, more and more genetic factors associated with infertility are being identified. This review will focus on our current understanding of the chromosomal basis of male infertility specifically: chromosomal aneuploidy, structural and numerical karyotype abnormalities and Y chromosomal microdeletions. Chromosomal aneuploidy is the leading cause of pregnancy loss and developmental disabilities in humans. Aneuploidy is predominantly maternal in origin, but concerns have been raised regarding the safety of intracytoplasmic sperm injection as infertile men have significantly higher levels of sperm aneuploidy compared to their fertile counterparts. Males with numerical or structural karyotype abnormalities are also at an increased risk of producing aneuploid sperm. Our current understanding of how sperm aneuploidy translates to embryo aneuploidy will be reviewed, as well as the application of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in such cases. Clinical recommendations where possible will be made, as well as discussion of the use of emerging array technology in PGD and its potential applications in male infertility

Absolute Calibration of the Auger Fluorescence Detectors

Absolute calibration of the Pierre Auger Observatory fluorescence detectors uses a light source at the telescope aperture. The technique accounts for the ombined effects of all detector components in a single measurement. The calibrated 2.5 m diameter light source fills the aperture, providing uniform illumination to each pixel. The known flux from the light source and the response of the acquisition system give the required calibration for each pixel. In the lab, light source uniformity is studied using CCD images and the intensity is measured relative to NIST-calibrated photodiodes. Overall uncertainties are presently 12%, and are dominated by systematics.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure. Submitted to the 29th ICRC, Pune, Indi

Centaurus A at Ultra-High Energies

We review the importance of Centaurus A in high energy astrophysics as a nearby object with many of the properties expected of a major source of very high energy cosmic rays and gamma-rays. We examine observational techniques and the results so far obtained in the energy range from 200 GeV to above 100 EeV and attempt to fit those data with expectations of Centaurus A as an astrophysical source from VHE to UHE energies.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PAS

Qualitative and Quantitative Characters of Three Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.) Strains in Indonesia

The second generation of gynogenetic diploid common carp of majalaya, sinyonya and mirror strains have been produced in 1992. Some of them were sex-reversed by oral administration of 17 α-methyltestoteronne. The females and sex-reversed males were matured on early 1994 and mated to produce progenies ofpure strains. This research aimed to measure certain quantitative characters since the early stage of developmentto the market size. Three different conditions of rearing (i.e. rice field, ponds and concrete tanks) were applied during the nursery phase, while the earthen pond and running water system with intensive feeding were used for the grow-out stage. The results showed that average fecundity of sinyonya carp was higherthan mirror and majalaya strains, but its performances of the early development (i.e. fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate at 14 days old) was lowest. At the nursery phase, the survival and growth rates of majalaya carp was relatively better than the other two strains, but the mirror carp had highest feed efficiency and lowest protein retention. During culture period, the growth rates of these three common carp strains were relatively similar (1%), but sinyonya carp, among strains had the highest percentage of fillet (38.5%) with the lowest total number of muscular bones (69), the highest level of protein content (77.5%) and the lowest level of lipid content (16.6%) among the three strains