KEANEKARAGAMAN SUMBER DAYA TERIPANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU NYAMUK, KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA

Holothuridea, teripang atau timun laut merupakan salah satu spesies Echinodermata dan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang mempunyai prospek cukup baik dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi, baik di pasaran domestik maupun internasional. Salah satu produsen teripang di Indonesia adalah Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis teripang yang ditangkap dari perairan Pulau Nyamuk, Kepulauan Karimunjawa pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2016. Pengamatan dilakukan bersama dengan nelayan yang menggunakan kompresor pada malam hari dengan metode sapuan (Swapt Area) secara acak.Titik koordinat lokasi ditemukannya teripang dicatat dengan alat GPS (Global Positioning System).Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan 6 spesies teripang yaitu Holothuria coluber,H. edulis, Personothuria graeffei, Stichopus vastus, Stichopus horrens dan Theleonata anax

Penerapan Teknologi Pertanian Tepat Guna Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan/Masyarakat di Era New Normal

Penerapan Teknologi Pertanian Tepat Guna Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan/Masyarakat di Era New Norma

Penerapan Teknologi Pertanian Tepat Guna Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan/Masyarakat di Era New Normal

Penerapan Teknologi Pertanian Tepat Guna Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan/Masyarakat di Era New Norma

CHATODOLUMINESCENCE MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS TO INTERPRET THE REDOX CONDITION DURING THE FORMATION OF CARBONATE VEIN

Cathodoluminescence (CL) is generated by an electron gun coupled to an optical microscope. There are two types of chatodoluminescence, i.e., cold CL and hot CL. In the cold cathode microscopic equipment, the electrons are generated by an electric discharge between two electrodes under a low gas pressure, whereas in the hot CL microscope, the electrons are generated by heating a filament (2000–3000°C). In this paper we utilize cold CL combine with electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). The CL microscopy of carbonate shows at least three carbonate generations, i.e., rhodochrosite with dull or no luminescence, Mg-rich calcite with dark red luminescence, manganese-bearing calcite with up to 0.04 wt.% Mn with bright orange luminescence, and pure calcite and Mn-rich calcite (> 0.15 wt.% Mn) with dull or no luminescence. The result also suggests that the luminescence pattern of calcite is controlled by the amount of Mn2+. Sectoral zoning and chevron-shape growth zoning exist in some coarse-grained calcite aggregates. The sectorial zoning of calcite as reflected by dull to bright CL color indicated that slightly to more reducing environment during calcite deposition. Keywords: Chatodoluminescence, rhodochrosite, calcite, sectorial zonin

IDENTIFIKASI TERIPANG Holothuria atra DENGAN MENGANALISANYA BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI, ANATOMI, DAN TIPE SPIKULA

Holothuroidea atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan teripang laut atau timun laut merupakan salah satu kelas dari Echinodermata. Famili Holothuriidae merupakan salah satu dari tiga famili yang dimiliki Holothuroidea yang merupakan bagian terbesar dari ordo Aspidochirotida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ciri khusus yang ada pada spesies teripang Holothuria atra dan menggambarkan keseluruhan ciri tersebut secara lengkap agar didapatakan beberapa kunci identifikasi dari teripang tersebut melalui analisis morfologi, anatomi, dan tipe spikuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisa deskriptif yang merupakan suatu metode dengan menggunakan data yang dapat langsung menggambarkan keadaan yang terjadi sesuai dengan tujuan yang kita maksud. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teripang Holothuria atra. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2015. Identifikasi sampel dilakukan dengan mengamati kenampakkan morfologi, anatomi, dan terakhir dilakukan identifikasi mikroskopis dengan melihat tipe spikulanya. Hasil identifikasi mennjukkan bahwa teripang Holothuria atra memiliki bentuk tubuh lonjong memanjang dengan posisi mulut berada di bagian ventral dan anus pada bagian dorsal. Corak warna tubuh yang dimiliki teripang ini hitam pekat dengan bentuk spikula yang didominasi oleh bentuk tables. Holothuroidea or commonly known as sea cucumber is one of Echinodermata classes. The Holothuriidae –the part of three family from Holothuroidea- is the biggest part that arrange the ordo of Aspidochirotida. This research is aims to identification some characteristic of the sea cucumber species that belongs to Holothuria atra and describe all the feature in order to get the key point of identification through the analysis of the morphological, anatomical and oassicles characteristic. This research is using descriptive method which is a certain method that using data which can be immediately describe the real condition that happen and can appropriate with the aims of research. The material that is used in this research is Holothuria atra. This research have been done in April and Mei 2015. The identification is done by observing the morphological and anatomical appearance and for the last ossicles can be observed with microscopic identification to get the type of the ossicles. The result is indicated that Holthuria atra have cylindrical in shape with the mouth in ventral side and anus in dorsal side. The color that belongs to this species is deep black with the domination of tables shape ossicles

Environmental Characteristic of Phyllophorus sp. (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Phyllophoridae) Habitat in the Madura Strait, Indonesia

Information on the environmental characteristics of many sea cucumber habitat is limited, despite these species exhibiting rapid exploitation and may lead to depletion. The present study combined a survey on many seawaters and sediment characteristics of habitat valuable aspidochirote holothurian, Sea Ball Cucumber, Phyllophorus sp. to compare with location with no sea cucumber in Madura Strait, Indonesia. Data from detailed surveys were used to compare both locations with measures of physical and chemical seawater parameters including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, total suspended solids, light transparency, and depth of water. The comparison was also carried out on physical and chemical parameters of surface sediment, i.e. phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, grain size, total organic matter, and carbon-organic content. The data then were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-Non Parametric Test with SPSS v. 16.  The result revealed that there were significant differences between sediment characteristics of Sea Ball Cucumber habitat and no Sea Ball cucumber location, but not for seawater. Seawater parameter value in Madura Strait showed in the range required for its life. This analyzes proved the importance of sediment characteristics for Phyllophorus sp. As benthic deposit feeders, they did not only utilize substrate underneath the body for its habitat but also primarily to supply their natural food.

Simpanan Karbon pada Padang Lamun di Perairan Pulau Poteran Madura Jawa Timur

Blue carbon is a carbon stored in the coastal ecosystem such as mangrove ecosystems, seagrass beds and brackish/salty swamps. Seagrass ecosystems can absorb and drain large amounts of carbon from the atmosphere and deposited to tissues or sediments for a long time. The aim of this study was to determine the type, percentage of seagrass cover and carbon stocks in seagrass beds on Poteran Waters. The study was conducted in January - March 2019. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. Carbon deposit in seagrasses was calculated using the loss on ignition (LOI) method. Seagrass species found on Poteran Island were 7 species, namely Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, Cymodocea rotundata and Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis and Syringodium isoetifolium. Cymodocea serrulata had the highest density value with value 336 ind/m2 and the highest seagrass cover value was 20.45% by Cymodocea rotundata. The value of biomass under the substrate (4.24 dw.m-2 - 400.5 dw.m-2) is more than the value of biomass on the substrate (2.43 dw.m-2 - 54.52 dw.m-2). Carbon values under the substrate (1.52 gC.m-2 - 141.09 gC.m-2) and above the substrate (0.71 gC.m-2 - 5.83 gC.m-2). The carbon value in the two station was not normally distributed but did not have a significant carbon comparison value using the Mann Whitney U-Test analysis test.Karbon biru atau sering disebut blue carbon ialah karbon yang tersimpan pada ekosistem pesisir seperti ekosistem mangrove, padang lamun dan rawa payau/asin. Ekosistem padang lamun mampu menyerap dan memindahkan jumlah besar karbon dari atmosfir dan diendapkan ke dalam jaringan atau sedimen untuk waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, persentase tutupan lamun dan kandungan karbon pada padang lamun di Perairan Pulau Poteran. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2019 – Maret 2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Perhitungan kandungan karbon pada lamun menggunakan metode loss on ignition (LOI). Jenis lamun yang ditemukan di Perairan Pulau Poteran sebanyak 7 spesies yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, Cymodocea rotundata dan Halodule uninervi, Halophila ovalis dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Nilai kerapatan tertinggi terdapat pada lamun Cymodocea serrulata sebesar 336 ind/m2 dan nilai penutupan lamun tertinggi sebesar 20,45 % oleh jenis lamun Cymodocea rotundata. Nilai biomassa dibawah substrat (4,24 gbk/m2 – 400,5 gbk/m2) lebih besar dibandingkan nilai biomassa diatas substrat (2,43 gbk/m2 – 54,52 gbk/m2). Nilai kandungan karbon dibawah substrat (1,52 gC/m2 – 141,09 gC/m2) dan diatas substrat ( 0,71 gC/m2 – 5,83 gC/m2). Nilai kandungan karbon pada kedua stasiun pengamatan tidak terdistribusi secara normal dan tidak memiliki perbedaan nilai kandungan karbon yang signifikan dengan menggunakan uji analisis Mann Whitney U-Test

SEA RANCHING OF Holothuria atra: STOCKING DENSITY AND TIME

Strong market demand and uncontrolled exploitation and/or the inadequate management of fisheries have caused many stocks of sea cucumbers to be overexploited. One suggested effort to overcome this problem is sea ranching. Stocking density is the most important consideration in sea cucumber rearing; therefore, this present work is aimed at elucidating the best stocking density for sea ranching of Holothuria atra. H. atra was taken from the Panjang Island, Jepara waters and reared in bottom cages in Teluk Awur waters, Jepara with a density of 30, 20, or 10 individuals per cage measuring 2 m × 2 m × 1.8 m (with bottom area of 4 m2). Stocking times of H. atra were at the initial time of cage installation, the second and the third months after installation. Bottom sediment characteristics (i.e., chlorophyll a, b, phaeophytin, and total carotene) of the sea cucumber habitat and water quality in the cages were measured monthly during the study. The results showed that growth of H. atra fluctuated; low stocking density yielded a higher weight gain than high stocking density did. The highest weight gain was present in the density of 10 individuals/cage in the second stocking month. The highest survival rate of H. atra was seen in the condition of 30 individuals/cage (93%) at the third stocking month, which means that these sea cucumbers were only reared for three months. The highest mortality occurred at a density of 20 individuals/cage with the survival rate being low (45%) at the first stocking time or in the fifth month of rearing. There was fission evidence among H. atra reared in the cages, resulting in smaller organisms. Among the water quality parameters, the concentration of chlorophyll a, b, phaeophytin, and carotene in the sediment fluctuated according to the time of sea cucumber rearing caused by their feeding and bioturbation. The study results suggested to stock H. atra at low density during the second stocking month to get higher growth