8,486 research outputs found

    Redes e Historias

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    Este artículo esboza cómo el proceso social se lleva a cabo dentro, desde, y alrededor de redes de pares de relaciones. Estas relaciones se caracterizan por historias que se cuentan dentro y acerca de ellas, con significados que surgen de cambios entre netdoms. Debido a que los entornos y sus cambios son incesantemente variados, aquí nos ceñiremos a una descripción abstracta y general. Los prototipos técnicos y substantivos (e.g., Padgett y McLean 2006; Lazega 2001) y los sondeos que ya existen pueden servir de guía al lector para implementaciones específicas. Es conveniente sustituir frecuentemente el término general de identidad por el de persona.This article sketches how social process plays out into, from, and around networks of pair relations. These relations are characterized by stories told in and of them, with meanings from switchings between netdoms. Since settings and the switchings among them are endlessly varied, description here is kept abstract and general. Existing technical and substantive prototypes (e.g., Padgett and McLean 2006; Lazega 2001) and canvasings can guide the reader for particular implementations. It is convenient here often to substitute person for the general term identity

    Heisenberg exchange in magnetic monoxides

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    The superexchange intertacion in transition-metal oxides, proposed initially by Anderson in 1950, is treated using contemporary tight-binding theory and existing parameters. We find also a direct exchange for nearest-neighbor metal ions, larger by a factor of order five than the superexchange. This direct exchange arises from Vddm coupling, rather than overlap of atomic charge densities, a small overlap exchange contribution which we also estimate. For FeO and CoO there is also an important negative contribution, related to Stoner ferromagnetism, from the partially filled minority-spin band which broadens when ionic spins are aligned. The corresponding J1 and J2 parameters are calculated for MnO, FeO, CoO, and NiO. They give good accounts of the Neel and the Curie-Weiss temperatures, show appropriate trends, and give a reasonable account of their volume dependences. For MnO the predicted value for the magnetic susceptibility at the Neel temperature and the crystal distortion arising from the antiferromagnetic transition were reasonably well given. Application to CuO2 planes in the cuprates gives J=1220oK, compared to an experimental 1500oK, and for LiCrO2 gives J1=4 50oK compared to an experimental 230oK.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. B 1/19/07. Realized J=4V^2/U applies generally, as opposed to J=2V^2/U from one-electron theory (1/28 revision

    Power from Switching across Netdoms through Reflexive and Indexical Language

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    En sociedades diferenciadas con redes sociales de largo alcance pero fragmentadas, la habilidad de manejar la ambigüedad es crucial para navegar órdenes dominantes. En este artículo sostenemos que las identidades, para aumentar su control a través de cambios de redes y dominios (netdoms), manejan una ambigüedad creciente a través de las propiedades indéxicas y reflexivas del lenguaje. Explicamos variaspropiedades—metapragmática, heteroglosia, y poética—y afirmamos que éstas rara vez constituyen actuaciones inocentes de creación de consenso en la reproducción de los órdenes sociales. Al contrario, el lenguaje está inherentemente implicado en relaciones de dominación. Así, argumentamos que el control metapragmático de historias adquiridas en incontables cambios de netdoms conduce a posiciones firmes que aseguran recursos y oportunidades; que las retóricas que incluyen fértiles voces heteroglósicas a través de agujeros estructurales generan historias que se pueden transponer reflexivamente a otras arenas institucionales; y que el control poético de estilos lingüísticos puede transformar identidades en leyes potenciales con posiciones que se desacoplan en prismas para preservar su calidad. Nuestra meta es doble: Primero, mostrar que la reflexividad e indexicalidad del lenguaje emergen en multitud de cambios a través de netdoms; y segundo, demostrar que el lenguaje indéxico y reflexivo es crítico en las luchas de las identidades por el control—deposiciones y dominación—a través de cambios de netdoms que se polimerizan rápidamente.   Abstract:   In highly differentiated societies with far-reaching yet fragmented social networks, such as post-industrial societies, the ability to manage and sustain pervasive ambiguity in daily interactions is crucial to navigate domination orders. Identities —from individuals to organizations—struggle to reflexively control decoupling  and contradictory demands through switchings across entangled social networks and interpretive domains (hereafter netdoms).2 At times strong interactional footings or other competitive edges may emerge through successful albeit temporary juggling of disjointed framings across netdom switchings. Moreover, to manage mounting ambiguity and contradiction across rapidly polymerizing netdoms skillful innuendo and indirect language is used. Thus increasing netdom complexities in contemporary societies  seem    to  proceed    along  ever   more   virtuoso  meta-communicative performances that can reframe volatile and unpredictable mutual expectations (e.g., workplaces with downsizing risks, job markets following fickle trends, gender relation uncertainties, fast-paced multicultural daily interactions). We in the 21st century inhabit social worlds that are sustained by fleeting arts of phenomenological epoché in connection with rapidly shifting netdom configurations
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