The Archimedean Projection Property

Let H be a hypersurface in Rn and let π be an orthogonal projection in Rn restricted to H. We say that H satisfies the Archimedean projection property corresponding to π if there exists a constant C such that Vol(π−1(U)) = C ・ Vol(U) for every measurable U in the range of π. It is well-known that the (n − 1) dimensional sphere, as a hypersurface in Rn, satisfies the Archimedean projection property corresponding to any codimension 2 orthogonal projection in Rn, the range of any such projection being an (n − 2)-dimensional ball. Here we construct new hypersurfaces that satisfy Archimedean projection properties. Our construction works for any projection codimension k, 2 ≤ k ≤ n − 1, and it allows us to specify a wide variety of desired projection ranges n−k ⊂ Rn−k. Letting n−k be an (n −k)-dimensional ball for each k, it produces a new family of smooth, compact hypersurfaces in Rn satisfying codimension k Archimedean projection properties that includes, in the special case k = 2, the (n − 1)-dimensional spheres

Housing Stability, Evictions, and Subsidized Rental Properties: Evidence from Metro Atlanta

Evictions cause substantial harm to lower-income families. The effects range from homelessness to job loss, school turnover, and deteriorating health. Previously evicted tenants can be pushed down-market and forced to accept substandard housing. Housing subsidy might be expected to reduce eviction rates and provide greater stability. However, little systematic research has examined the eviction rates of subsidized, affordable rental properties and compared them to nonsubsidized, market-rate properties. We examine eviction filings for multifamily rental buildings in five-county metropolitan Atlanta, using a data set of eviction filings, property characteristics, and ownership information. We identify the subset of buildings that are subsidized and distinguish between senior and nonsenior properties. We find that senior, subsidized multifamily properties have substantially lower eviction rates than market-rate properties. A senior-subsidized multifamily rental building is expected to have an annual eviction rate that is 10.7 percentage points below a nonsenior, market-rate property; this result is significant p \u3c 0.01, and compares to a mean eviction filing rate of 16.3 percent (16.3 evictions per 100 rental units). On the other hand, a nonsenior-subsidized building is expected to have an eviction rate that is 1.4 percentage points lower than a nonsenior, market-rate building; this result is not statistically significant. It is important to note that we do not have data on the economic characteristics of tenants, and that may account for some of the relatively high eviction rates of the nonsenior-affordable properties. We discuss implications of these findings for further research and housing policy and practice

Greenhouse gas balance over thaw-freeze cycles in discontinuous zone permafrost

Peat in the discontinuous permafrost zone contains a globally significant reservoir of carbon that has undergone multiple permafrost-thaw cycles since the end of the mid-Holocene (~3700 years before present). Periods of thaw increase C decomposition rates which leads to the release of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere creating potential climate feedback. To determine the magnitude and direction of such feedback, we measured CO2 and CH4 emissions and modeled C accumulation rates and radiative fluxes from measurements of two radioactive tracers with differing lifetimes to describe the C balance of the peatland over multiple permafrost-thaw cycles since the initiation of permafrost at the site. At thaw features, the balance between increased primary production and higher CH4 emission stimulated by warmer temperatures and wetter conditions favors C sequestration and enhanced peat accumulation. Flux measurements suggest that frozen plateaus may intermittently (order of years to decades) act as CO2 sources depending on temperature and net ecosystem respiration rates, but modeling results suggest that—despite brief periods of net C loss to the atmosphere at the initiation of thaw—integrated over millennia, these sites have acted as net C sinks via peat accumulation. In greenhouse gas terms, the transition from frozen permafrost to thawed wetland is accompanied by increasing CO2 uptake that is partially offset by increasing CH4 emissions. In the short-term (decadal time scale) the net effect of this transition is likely enhanced warming via increased radiative C emissions, while in the long-term (centuries) net C deposition provides a negative feedback to climate warming

Pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a disabling mental illness with a lifetime prevalence of 0.7% worldwide and significant, often devastating, consequences on social and occupational functioning. A range of antipsychotic medications are available; however, suboptimal therapeutic response in terms of psychotic symptoms is common and affects up to one-third of people with schizophrenia. Negative symptoms are generally less amenable to treatment. Because of the consequences of inadequate symptom control, effective treatment strategies are required for people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Clozapine has been shown to be more effective than other antipsychotics in treatment-resistant populations in several studies; however, the occurrence of adverse effects, some of which are potentially life-threatening, are important limitations. In addition to those who are intolerant to clozapine, only 30% to 50% experience clinically significant symptom improvement. This review describes the recent evidence for treatment strategies for people not responding to nonclozapine antipsychotic agents and people not responding or only partially responding to clozapine

Horn Coupled Multichroic Polarimeters for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarization Experiment

Multichroic polarization sensitive detectors enable increased sensitivity and spectral coverage for observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). An array optimized for dual frequency detectors can provide 1.7 times gain in sensitivity compared to a single frequency array. We present the design and measurements of horn coupled multichroic polarimeters encompassing the 90 and 150 GHz frequency bands and discuss our plans to field an array of these detectors as part of the ACTPol project

“I will change the world”: The Intersection of Social Change and Male College Athletes’ Leadership Perspectives

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(6): 845-856, 2017. Historically, men have been characterized as task-oriented leaders who are motivated by desires for autonomy, wealth, and power (17, 33). However, these “masculine” views of leadership might not accurately capture the leadership motivations of Millennial males as the views were developed in previous generations (4). Given the commitment of many Millennials towards socially responsible attitudes and behaviors (18, 25), we utilized a qualitative research design to examine the influence of social change on the leadership motivations of Millennial male intercollegiate athletes. In doing so, we found participants were motivated to lead in order to affect social change within their communities and within society. Our findings indicate a new perspective, one which includes a commitment to social change, is potentially needed when discussing “masculine” views of leadership

Returning home: heritage work among the Stl'atl'imx of the Lower Lillooet River Valley

This article focusses on heritage practices in the tensioned landscape of the Stl’atl’imx (pronounced Stat-lee-um) people of the Lower Lillooet River Valley, British Columbia, Canada. Displaced from their traditional territories and cultural traditions through the colonial encounter, they are enacting, challenging and remaking their heritage as part of their long term goal to reclaim their land and return ‘home’. I draw on three examples of their heritage work: graveyard cleaning, the shifting ‘official’/‘unofficial’ heritage of a wagon road, and marshalling of the mountain named Nsvq’ts (pronounced In-SHUCK-ch) in order to illustrate how the past is strategically mobilised in order to substantiate positions in the present. While this paper focusses on heritage in an Indigenous and postcolonial context, I contend that the dynamics of heritage practices outlined here are applicable to all heritage practices

Using primary care prescribing data to improve GP awareness of antidepressant adherence issues

Background Adherence to antidepressant therapy remains a major issue worldwide. Most people with depression are treated in a general practice setting, but many stop taking antidepressants before completing a six-month course as recommended by guidelines. Objectives To determine antidepressant adherence rates as indicated in primary care prescribing data and pharmacy dispensing data; to demonstrate commonly occurring patterns related to non-adherence, using a prescription visualisation tool we have developed; and to determine whether prescribing data is a good predictor of dispensing based adherence. Methods We analysed general practice electronic prescribing data for the year ending 31 December 2006 and linked pharmacy dispensing records by National Health Index. We calculated medication adherence for patients starting antidepressants using a six-month evaluation period and a gap-based adherence measure. Patients with a gap of more than 15 days in antidepressant therapy were considered non-adherent. Using a prescription visualisation tool,we described common modes of non-adherence. Results Out of 2713 patients, 153 satisfied our inclusion criteria. Thirty-nine percent of patients showed poor adherence based on prescribing and 68% showed poor adherence on dispensing. Prescribing based non-adherence had a positive predictive value of 98% (95% CI 92%_99%) and negative predictive value of 51% (CI 47%_52%) for dispensing based non-adherence. Three broad categories of non-adherence were identified: 1) failure to return for re-prescription, 2) failure to maintain adherence despite initial attempts and 3) failure to return for re-prescription in a timely manner. Conclusions Prescribing data identifies substantial adherence issues in antidepressant therapy. Clinicians should consider adherence issues as part of the overall treatment regime and discuss such issues during consultations

The unique ethical challenges of conducting research in the rehabilitation medicine population

BACKGROUND: The broad topic of research ethics is one which has been relatively well-investigated and discussed. Unique ethical issues have been identified for such populations as pediatrics, where the issues of consent and assent have received much attention, and obstetrics, with concerns such as the potential for research to cause harm to the fetus. However, little has been written about ethical concerns which are relatively unique to the population of patients seen by the practitioner of rehabilitation medicine. DISCUSSION: This paper reviews unique ethical concerns in conducting research in this population, including decision-making capacity, communication, the potential for subject overuse, the timing of recruitment, hope for a cure and therapeutic misconception and the nature of the health care provider-research subject relationship. SUMMARY: Researchers in the area of rehabilitation medicine should be aware of some of the unique ethical challenges posed by this patient population and should take steps to address any potential concerns in order to optimize subject safety and ensure that studies meet current ethical guidelines and standards