Ridge Regression, Hubness, and Zero-Shot Learning

This paper discusses the effect of hubness in zero-shot learning, when ridge regression is used to find a mapping between the example space to the label space. Contrary to the existing approach, which attempts to find a mapping from the example space to the label space, we show that mapping labels into the example space is desirable to suppress the emergence of hubs in the subsequent nearest neighbor search step. Assuming a simple data model, we prove that the proposed approach indeed reduces hubness. This was verified empirically on the tasks of bilingual lexicon extraction and image labeling: hubness was reduced with both of these tasks and the accuracy was improved accordingly.Comment: To be presented at ECML/PKDD 201

POSTTRAINING COMMISSURE SECTION AND INTEROCULAR TRANSFER OF DISCRIMINATION LEARNING IN RHESUS MONKEYS

Twelve juvenile rhesus monkeys with midline section of the optic chiasma were monocularly trained and tested the interocular transfer of four discrimination problems: brightness first, and, thereafter in random order, color, pattern and form. The corpus callosum and anterior commissure were transected following acquisition of the third problem. The near perfect interocular transfer of all tasks demonstrated by the commissure-intact animals was interrupted by the section of the forebrain commissures-more severely for pattern and form than for color. Postoperative testing, however, disclosed some impairments of immediate recall through the untrained eye for all stimuli. It is concluded that, although an ipsilaterally induced discriminative habit is more favorable to color stimuli than others, nevertheless, a subcallosally transmitted, contralaterally retreivable memory trace seems as non-sensory specific in nature

Development of a Measure to Evaluate the Quality of Dementia Care Provided by Caregivers at Unit Care Geriatric Health Service Facilities

This study was conducted to develop a measure for evaluating the quality of dementia care provided by caregivers in unit care geriatric health service facilities in Japan. A secondary factor model consisting of the following factors was used in the study. Primary factors were: "Creating a safe environment with a home-like atmosphere," "Helping residents maintain their ordinary life," "Helping maintain and improve the lifestyles of individual residents," "Providing support in a way that respects each resident\u27s unique personality," "Encouraging social interaction with others" and "Maintaining family relationships," and one secondary factor, "Quality of dementia care." The construct validity of the above measure was assessed in terms of the relationship between the factor model and an external criterion using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on data from 984 caregivers. Job satisfaction was used as the external criterion. As a result, the fit of the factor model to the data and the relationship between dementia care quality and job satisfaction were statistically supported. The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the measure was within statistically permissible limits. Based on the above results, we concluded that the measure to evaluate dementia care quality that was developed in the study is effective for evaluating the quality of dementia care provided by caregivers in unit care geriatric health service facilities

Relationships between Dementia Care Duties and the Job Satisfaction of Nursing Staff in Unit-type Geriatric Health Service Facilities

This study examined the relationship between the frequency of high-quality dementia care duties and job satisfaction among nursing employees working in unit care geriatric health service facilities, including the perceived difficulty of performing care and responses to difficult work situations. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to a total of 608 subjects. 324 effective responses were received and analyzed. A causal model was proposed in which the frequency of high-quality dementia care is influenced by the perceived difficulty of practicing such care, and that these two factors, mediated by control and escapes responses, affect job performance. Structural equation modeling was employed for assessment of fit and to evaluate the relationships between variables. After confirming that the proposed model fitted the data, it was found that high-quality dementia care is indeed associated with the perceived difficulty of practicing such care and that these two factors, mediated by control responses, are associated with job satisfaction. The results indicate that sustaining and increasing job satisfaction requires adopting control-oriented responses and improving the quality of dementia care

Development of a Flying Robot With a Pantograph-Based Variable Wing Mechanism

We develop a flying robot with a new pantograph-based variable wing mechanism for horizontal-axis rotorcrafts (cyclogyro rotorcrafts). A key feature of the new mechanism is to have a unique trajectory of variable wings that not only change angles of attack but also expand and contract according to wing positions. As a first step, this paper focuses on demonstrating the possibility of the flying robot with this mechanism. After addressing the pantograph-based variable wing mechanism and its features, a simulation model of this mechanism is constructed. Next, we present some comparison results (between the simulation model and experimental data) for a prototype body with the proposed pantograph-based variable wing mechanism. Both simulation and experimental results show that the flying robot with this new mechanism can generate enough lift forces to keep itself in the air. Furthermore, we construct a more precise simulation model by considering rotational motion of each wing. As a result of optimizing design parameters using the precise simulation model, flight performance experimental results demonstrate that the robot with the optimal design parameters can generate not only enough lift forces but a 155 gf payload as well

A Study of Certain Attitudes and Their Personality Correlates Among Japanese-Americans

1. An attempt was made to explore the functional cnaracteristics of prejudice among a particular minority group, Japanese-Americans. 2. Six tests were developed for the purpose of measuring prejudice. These were used along with the S-I Inventory and the E-F Scale. 3. These questionnaires which included the eight scales, were administered to Niseis in Santa Clara County, California. One hundred and three responded. 4. Certain scales were administered to American college students for purposes of comparison.5. According to this study Niseis are neither less secure nor more authoritarian than the American population. 6. Niseis have stereotypes of themselves which are very similar to the American\u27s stereotypes of themselves. 7. Niseis rate their own status in the social stratification -much higher than they are rated by the Americans. 8. Niseis perceive more social restriction toward all subgroups than do Americans. 9. Niseis believe that they are socially restricted considerably more than the American sample admits Niseis are restricted. 10. Niseis use a value system which is very similar to the Americans\u27, and it relates more closely to the present sample than to a 1935 sample. 11. Insecure persons have less conforming stereotypes with reference to both in-group and out-group members. 12. Insecure persons perceive their social status as higher than ,do secure persons. 13. Insecure persons perceive greater social restriction than do secure persons. 14. Insecure persons anticipate more mobility as a function of association with any other groups than do secure persons. 15. Insecure persons have value systems more like that of the majority group than do secure persons. 16. Extremely insecure persons tend to stereotype, perceive A Study of Certain Attitudes and Their Personality Correlates 205 social status, and perceive social restriction less extremely than do moderately insecure persons. They tend, it seems, to be more conforming with respect to the social perceptions of the majority group. 17. Authoritarians have less conforming stereotypes of both in-group and out-group members. 18. Authoritarians perceive their social status as higher than do non-authoritarians. 19. Authoritarians perceive their own social restriction as greater than do non-authoritarians. 20. Authoritarians anticipate more mobility, as a function of association with any and all groups, than do non-authoritarians. 21. Authoritarians have value systems which are less similar to American value system than non-authoritarians. 22. The authoritarian personality does not seem directly to relate to level of insecurity, but both authoritarianism and security level seem independently to play significant roles in the formation and employement of prejudice among Niseis

Lower tropospheric vertical distribution of aerosol particles over Syowa Station, Antarctica from spring to summer 2004

Vertical distributions of atmospheric aerosol particles were measured nine times up to 5200 m a.s.l. using an aircraft over Syowa Station, East Antarctica during September-December 2004. Measurements were made for number concentrations of condensation nuclei (CN, Dp>10 nm), number-size distribution larger than 0.3 μm diameter, air temperature, humidity, and GPS position. During spring, the vertical profile of CN concentration showed large variability (100-1000 cm^(-3)), but it was mostly constant in summer. Vertical profiles of number-size distribution larger than 0.3 μm showed a systematic shift at altitudes greater than 4000 m. Both concentrations of aerosol number for Dp>0.3 μm and integrated volume between 0.3 and 1.0 μm showed constantly lower values at altitudes greater than 4000 m. These data suggest that the shift of aerosol parameters results from depletion of coarse particles such as sea salts. Maximum concentrations of the volume and CN were obtained respectively from the profiles on 7 October and 29 November 2004. These events are interpreted as sources and transport processes based on synoptic meteorological data, an ocean color index produced by SeaWiFS, and backward air trajectory analysis