31 research outputs found
LáthatĂł fĂ©nnyel gerjeszthetĹ‘ fotokatalizátorok előállĂtása Ă©s erre alapulĂł vĂzkezelĂ©si eljárások fejlesztĂ©se = Preparation of heterogeneous photo-catalysts excitable by visible light and development of water treatment processes using these catalysts
JĂł minĹ‘sĂ©gű, kicsiny szemcsemĂ©retű kompozit katalizátort állĂtottunk elĹ‘ szol-gĂ©l eljárással. LánghidrolĂzisen alapulĂł eljárást Ă©s kĂ©szĂĽlĂ©ket fejlesztettĂĽnk ki fotokatalizátor előállĂtására. Fotokatalitikus modellkisĂ©rletekben teszteltĂĽk a katalizátorokat. GázfázisĂş bontásokhoz tri- Ă©s tertraklĂłr-etilĂ©nt, vizes fázisĂş bontásokhoz fenolt Ă©s szalicilsavat használtunk modellanyagkĂ©nt. Eljárást dolgoztunk ki a fotokatalizátorok kerámia papĂr hordozĂłra valĂł felvitelĂ©re. VĂztisztĂtásra használhatĂł nagylaboratĂłriumi mĂ©retű kĂ©szĂĽlĂ©ket terveztĂĽnk Ă©s Ă©pĂtettĂĽnk. A nagylaboratĂłriumi kĂ©szĂĽlĂ©kben fenol Ă©s szalicilsav tartalmĂş oldatokat bontottunk. A berendezĂ©s Ă©s az eljárás működĂ©si paramĂ©tereit optimalizáltuk. | A coupled semiconductor characterized with small size and narrow size -distribution was syntetised by sol-gel procedure. Photocatalyst preparation procedure and apparatus, based on flame hydrolysis was developed. The photocatalysts prepared were characterized both by structural properties and phtocatalitic activities. Tricholro ethene and tetrachloroethene were used in gas phase and phenol and salicylic acid were the target compounds in aqueous solution. A procedure and technology was developed for the imobilization of photocatalysts on the surface of ceramic paper support. A pilot scale water treatment apparatus was designed and constructed using the catalysts imobilized to ceramic paper. The phenol and salicylic acid containig water was treated by using the above mentioned apparatus . The operation parameters of water treatment procedure and apparatus were optimised
Klórtartalmú szénvegyületek hidrodeklórozása zeolitokon = Hydrodechlorination of chlorine compounds on zeolites
Pt Ă©s Pd tartalmĂş, Y-FAU-tĂpusĂş zeolitokat állĂtottunk elĹ‘ Ă©s a szĂ©n-tetraklorid hidrodeklĂłrozásával teszteltĂĽk. Ă–sszehasonlĂtva a kĂ©t fĂ©m szemcsĂ©it tartalmazĂł katalizátorok tulajdonságát a legĂ©rdekesebb kĂĽlönbsĂ©g az volt, hogy a Pt-val ellentĂ©tben Pd-on nem tapasztaltuk a köztitermĂ©k kloroform kĂ©pzĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©t, Ă©s a teljes klĂłrcsere vĂ©geredmĂ©nye, azaz a fĹ‘termĂ©k nem metán, hanem etán volt. Más klĂłrtartalmĂş anyagok, a triklĂłretilĂ©n Ă©s az 1,1,2-triklĂłretán hidrodeklĂłrozását is összehasonlĂtottuk Pt- Ă©s Pd-tartalmĂş zeolit katalizátorainkon. A kĂ©t reaktáns aktivitásában lĂ©vĹ‘ kĂĽlönbsĂ©geket elmĂ©leti számĂtásokkal is alátámasztottuk. A hidrogĂ©n/triklĂłretilĂ©n arány növelĂ©se nagymĂ©rtĂ©kben növelte a reakciĂłsebessĂ©get, de nem volt hatással a szelektivitásra. Pt- Ă©s Pd-tartalmĂş ZSM5 zeolit aktivitását is teszteltĂĽk szĂ©n-tetrakloriddal Ă©s vizsgáltuk klĂłrfenolok hidrodeklĂłrozását is. A C-atom experimentálisan megállapĂtott standard kĂ©pzĹ‘dĂ©si entalpiáját hibásnak találtuk. A hiba kicsi, de kummulatĂv, a szĂ©natomszám növekedĂ©sĂ©vel az atomizáciĂłs energiábĂłl számĂtott molekuláris kĂ©pzĹ‘dĂ©si hĹ‘ egyre jobban eltĂ©r a valĂłdi Ă©rtĂ©ktĹ‘l. Korrigált számĂtásainkat szĂ©nhidrogĂ©nekre publikáltuk, Ă©s klĂłrtartalmĂş szĂ©nhidrogĂ©nekre is elkĂ©szĂĽltek. LĂ©trehoztunk egy Ăşj ab initio kvantumkĂ©miai programot, mellyel nagy pontosságĂş számĂtások vĂ©gezhetĹ‘k a Schrödinger-egyenlet teljes variáciĂłs megoldásával. EredmĂ©nyek vannak kisebb halogĂ©ntartalmĂş szĂ©nhidrogĂ©nekre is. | Pt- and Pd-containing zeolite (Y-FAU) supported catalysts were synthesized and tested in the hydrodechlorination of carbon tetrachloride. Comparing their properties, the main differences were the following: -using Pt/zeolite, methane and hydrogen chloride were the final products and chloroform was detected as intermediate product -over Pd/zeolite, ethane was the final product and no chloroform was detected at all. Catalytic decomposition of other chlorine containing compounds such as trichloroethene and 1,1,2-trichloro-ethane was investigated on the above-mentioned catalysts. Differences in their experimental behaviour were supported with theoretical calculations. Higher ratio of hydrogen and trichloroethene significantly increased the reaction rate of hydrodechlorination, but did not have any influence on the selectivity. The activity of Pt- and Pd-ZSM5 zeolites were also tested in the hydrodechlorination of both carbon tetrachloride and moreover chlorophenols. The formation enthalpy of carbon atom determined experimentally was found to be incorrect. The error is small, but cumulative. Corrected calculations were published for hydrocarbons and finished for chlorinated hydrocarbons, too. A new ab initio quantumchemical program was developed which is suitable for precise calculations for atoms and molecules solving the Schrödinger equation fully variationally. Results are available for small chlorinated hydrocarbons as well