Forward model and CO retrieval algorithm

A progress report on the forward model and CO retrieval algorithm is presented. For the forward model, the fast-transmittance algorithm is discussed including monochromatic calculations, determination of fast-transmittance parameters, and regression errors. Simulations, retrieval technique, and sensitivity of the CO retrieval algorithm are discussed

Tempo Perception Across Cultures: The Beat is All It Takes

Dancing to music is a human universal that relies on beat perception. Listeners may infer the “tempo” or speed of music from: the time interval between beats; the density of events; higher-level features of musical temporal organization (the meter). The “Gabbling Foreigner Illusion” is the observation that listeners perceive unfamiliar languages as being faster than familiar ones. Even when music is the same speed, listeners tap faster to unfamiliar music. Does culture background impact how we perceive musical tempo

Experiências de contacto dos bebés com a linguagem escrita

The purpose of this study is to characterize the literacy experiences ofbabies aged between 14 and 24 months. In this study, four issues were analysed: which type of written language experiences are offered to the children, how parents value these literacy experiences, the way parents perceive their own role in the literacy development of their children and what parents know about their means of contributing to the literacy development of their children. Six mothers were interviewed. These interviews were analysed with the use of a categorical content analysis. The results suggest that mothers value and include in their practices facilitative and mediation actions of literacy experiences with their children, noting some variability depending on the respective qualifications.Este estudo exploratório visa descrever as experiências de literacia de bebés entre os 14 e os 25 meses. Analisamse quatro questões, que experiências envolvendo a linguagem escrita no seio familiar são proporcionadas aos bebés, qual o valor que os pais lhes atribuem, como percepcionam o seu papel na promoção do desenvolvimento literácito dos filhos e como podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento da literacia dos mesmos. Adotou-se uma metodologia qualitativa, com recurso à análise de conteúdo categorial das respostas dadas por seis mães em entrevista individual e semiestruturada. Concluiu-se que estas mães valorizam e incluem nas suas práticas ações facilitadoras e de mediação de experiências de literacia por parte dos seus bebés, notando-se alguma variabilidade em função das respetivas habilitações académicas.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of Valence and Arousal on Working Memory Performance in Virtual Reality Gaming

The role of affective states in cognitive performance has long been an area of interest in cognitive science. Recent research in game-based cognitive training suggest that cognitive games should incorporate real-time adaptive mechanisms. These adaptive mechanisms would change the game’s difficulty according to the player’s performance in order to provide appropriate challenges and thus, achieve a real cognitive improvement. However, these mechanisms currently ignore the effects of valence and arousal on the player’s cognitive skills. In this paper we investigate how working memory (WM) performance is affected when playing a VR game, and the effects of valence and arousal in this context. To this aim, a custom video game was created for Desktop and VR. Three difficulty levels were designed to evoke different levels of arousal while maintaining the same memory load for each difficulty level. We found an improvement in WM performance when playing in VR compared to Desktop. This effect was particularly pronounced in those with a low WM capacity. Significantly higher levels of valence and arousal were self-reported when playing in VR.We explore the impact that reported affective states could have in the player’s WM performance. We suggest that high levels of arousal and positive valence can lead players to a flow state [1] that may have a positive impact on the player’s WM performance.This work is supported by Queen Mary University of London and EPSRC Media and Arts Technology Doctoral Training Centre (EP/G03723X/1)

Erratum to: Variation in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine across human cortex and cerebellum

This is the final version. Available from BMC via the DOI in this record.The article to which this is the erratum is in ORE at: http://hdl.handle.net/10871/2029

LEEM Investigation of the Faceting of the Pt Covered W (111) Surface

A low energy electron microscope (LEEM) has been used to investigate the faceting of W(111) as induced by Pt. The atomically rough W(111) surface, when fully covered with a monolayer film of Pt and annealed to temperatures higher than {approximately} 750 K, experiences a significant morphological restructuring: the initially planar surface undergoes a faceting transition and forms three-sided pyramids with {211} faces. The experiments demonstrate the capability of LEEM for imaging both the fully and partially faceted surface. In addition, we have observed the formation of the facets in real time, when Pt is dosed onto the heated surface. We find that the transition from planar surface, to partially faceted surface, and to fully faceted surface proceeds through the nucleation and growth of spatially separated faceted regions

Relativistic theory of magnetic scattering of x rays: Application to ferromagnetic iron

We present a detailed description of a first-principles formalism for magnetic scattering of circularly polar- ized x rays from solids in the framework of the fully relativistic spin-polarized multiple-scattering theory. The scattering amplitudes are calculated using a standard time-dependent perturbation theory to second order in the electron-photon interaction vertex. Particular attention is paid to understanding the relative importance of the positive- and negative-energy solutions of the Dirac equation to the scattering amplitude. The advantage of the present theory as compared with other recent works on magnetic x-ray scattering is that, being fully relativistic, spin-orbit coupling and spin-polarization effects are treated on an equal footing. Second, the electron Green’s function expressed in terms of the path operators in the multiple-scattering theory allows us to include the contribution of the crystalline environment to the scattering amplitude. To illustrate the use of the method we have done calculations on the anomalous magnetic scattering at the K , L_II , and L_III absorption edges of ferromagnetic iron