Potenzial von Halophyten für stoffliche und energetische Nutzung am Beispiel von Salicornia

Im Laufe der letzten Jahre sieht sich die Landwirtschaft vermehrt mit der Problematik der zunehmenden Bodenversalzung und schwindenden Frischwasserquellen konfrontiert. Die Welternährung ist dabei abhängig von wenigen salzsensitiven Kulturpflanzen. Folglich ist die Entwicklung alternativer Methoden, die es der Menschheit ermöglicht, salzkontaminierte Böden zu reinigen oder nutzbar zu machen, ein sinnvolles Unterfangen und deshalb entwickelte sich aus dieser Problematik ein alternativer Zweig zur konventionellen Landwirtschaft: die saline agriculture. In diesem Kontext steht Salicornia, eine Halophyte, deshalb schon seit einiger Zeit im Fokus der Forschung. Zu den vielversprechendsten Verwendungsmöglichkeiten zählt die Nutzung von Salicornia zur Produktion von Biokraftstoffen wie Biodiesel, Bioethanol und Biogas. Insbesondere die Beteiligung von angesehenen Firmen wie Boeing, Etihad Airways, Lufthansa und der US Air Force an Projekten wie den „Integrated Seawater Energy Agricultural System“ in Abu Dhabi und Mexiko lässt auf eine zukunftsnahe Durchsetzung von Salicornia als nachwachsenden Rohstoff hoffen. Um mögliche Schadstoffe und Keime in geschlossenen Lebenserhaltungssystemen (Biological Life Support Systems, BLSS) zu mindern und eine bessere Stickstoffverfügbarkeit für Pflanzen zu gewährleisten, forscht das Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin an einem Biofiltersystem (C.R.O.P.® - Combined regenerative organic-food production) in Kombination mit hydroponischen Pflanzenzuchtsystemen. Das System basiert auf einer mit Lavagestein gefüllten Filterröhre, welches Lebensraum für viele Mikroorganismen bietet. Durch das vorherrschende Milieu werden Keime reduziert und es kommt zur Entgiftung von Schadstoffen durch mikrobiellen Abbau. Da sich Harnstoff aus dem Urin in das pflanzenschädliche Ammoniak aufspaltet, muss dieses vor der Ausbringung zu Nitrat oxidiert werden, damit Stickstoff in einer pflanzenverfügbaren Form vorliegt. Dies wird durch die Aktivität von aeroben und anaeroben Organismen im Filtersystem gewährleistet. Zwar kann Salicornia Nitrat als Stickstoffquelle nutzen, allerdings zeigte sie deutlich bessere Wachstumserfolge und NaCl-Aufnahme mit der Zudüngung von Stickstoff in Form von Harnstoff

How to feel in order to be satisfied at work? A differentiating view on the Affective Events Theory

Affective Events Theory (AET; Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996) states that emotions at work affect job satisfaction. We specified existing research by distinguishing between frequency and intensity of emotional episodes at work and by varying the time frame for which emotions were reported. In a paper-pencil study employed persons (N = 228) reported the frequency and the intensity of positive and negative work-related affective states. The time period, for which emotions were reported, was varied between subjects (last week vs. last month). When predicting job satisfaction, regression analyses indicated that (1) the frequency of emotions is a better predictor than their intensity and that (2) positive emotions are a better predictor than negative emotions when reporting affective states for the last week, whereas this pattern reverses for the time frame of last month. Thus, with an increasing time interval, negative emotions seem to have a comparatively better cognitive representation

WHITE WOMANHOOD: FINDING OPPOSITIONAL EPISTEMOLOGIES AND COMMUNITY AT THE INTERSECTION OF WHITENESS AND WOMANHOOD

White women continue to contribute to the reproduction and maintenance of White supremacy even when they attempt to pursue antiracism. To better understand their antiracist agency, this study analyzed White women’s experiences and comprehension of White womanhood. Using phenomenology and critical autoethnography, this qualitative study invited six self-proclaimed antiracist White women to participate in individual interviews, attend two focus groups, and reflect on five guided prompts on White womanhood and antiracist action. The study revealed antiracist White women’s feelings of responsibility and lack of perceived agency for antiracist action. Participants demonstrated attempts to disengage from whiteness while also expressing desires to increase their antiracist consciousness. Learning about and intentionally reflecting on the construction and characteristics of White womanhood increased participants\u27 sense of antiracist agency. Findings indicate the need for White women to move beyond individual and into collective antiracist agency and action

Divine Interference in Royal Affairs: New Perspectives on Lucina, the Roman Goddess of Birth and Shadow of the Virgin Mary in Catholic Early Modern Spain

Life is God-given and to give birth begs for divine help. This article seeks to present new perspectives on selected appearances and apparitions of Lu­cina, the Roman goddess of birth, with respect to birth in the Golden Age of Spain. Ovid, antique’s best-known author, paints Lucina as an ambiguous sorceress, vol­atilely answering prayers. Still, allegoric representations of Lucina relating to the Spanish rulers and high society are found in Spanish literature, art, architecture and medical tractates. The pagan gods are revived in Renaissance art and do not fit into Christian moral codes nor qualify as praiseworthy saints, but nevertheless main­tain a prevailing source of allegories and figurative images. Lucina’s appearances in Francisco Núñez’s obstetrical tractate Libro intitulado del parto humano, Pedro Ruiz de Camargo’s painting in the Arch of Santa María of Burgos and in Micheli Parrasio’s canvas Alegoría del nacimiento del infante don Fernando are described and interpreted. The goddess of birth appears with aspects of Juno, Venus and the Virgin Mary and is blamed when misfortune strikes

Divine Interference in Royal Affairs: New Perspectives on Lucina, the Roman Goddess of Birth and Shadow of the Virgin Mary in Catholic Early Modern Spain

Life is God-given and to give birth begs for divine help. This article seeks to present new perspectives on selected appearances and apparitions of Lu­cina, the Roman goddess of birth, with respect to birth in the Golden Age of Spain. Ovid, antique’s best-known author, paints Lucina as an ambiguous sorceress, vol­atilely answering prayers. Still, allegoric representations of Lucina relating to the Spanish rulers and high society are found in Spanish literature, art, architecture and medical tractates. The pagan gods are revived in Renaissance art and do not fit into Christian moral codes nor qualify as praiseworthy saints, but nevertheless main­tain a prevailing source of allegories and figurative images. Lucina’s appearances in Francisco Núñez’s obstetrical tractate Libro intitulado del parto humano, Pedro Ruiz de Camargo’s painting in the Arch of Santa María of Burgos and in Micheli Parrasio’s canvas Alegoría del nacimiento del infante don Fernando are described and interpreted. The goddess of birth appears with aspects of Juno, Venus and the Virgin Mary and is blamed when misfortune strikes

U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom

This report presents statistics regarding U.S. military casualties in Operation New Dawn (OND, Iraq), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF, Iraq), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF, Afghanistan), including those concerning post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amputations, evacuations, and the demographics of casualties

Iraq: Map Sources

This report identifies selected websites for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites. Maps of the Middle East, Iraq, facilities used by U.S. forces in the Gulf, and U.S. government humanitarian assistance and reconstruction activities in Iraq are also provided

Commemorative Observances: A Chronological List

Historically, national commemorative observances were recommended by Congress through the legislative process. This practice was discontinued by the House of Representatives in January 1995, although the Senate continues to issue sense of the Senate resolutions recommending the establishment of commemoratives. It has now become standard practice for special observances to be designated by a proclamation issued by the President. This report is a chronological list of these proclamations for 1997 and 1998, indicating the proclamation number and its Federal Register citatio

Iraqi Civilian, Police, and Security Forces Casualty Estimates

This report presents various estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties. The Department of Defense (DOD) regularly updates total U.S. military deaths and wounded statistics from Operation Iraqi Freedom, as reflected in CRS Report RS21578, Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties. However, no Iraqi or U.S. government office regularly releases statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths, Iraqi police deaths, or Iraqi security forces deaths. Statistics on these topics are sometimes available through alternative sources, such as nonprofit organizations, or through statements made by officials to the press