An Avoidable Cognitive Error in Chest Radiography

Teaching Point: Awareness in radiology reporting of cognitive errors such as the alliterative bias can help minimize the delay to diagnosis and accelerate adequate patient care

Splenic and Portal Vein Thrombosis after Splenectomy: A Case Report

Portal and splenic vein thrombosis are uncommon, potentially fatal post-operative complications following splenectomy. These thrombotic events may be asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms. Therefore, imaging is important for diagnosis. The risk of thrombosis is linked to spleen size, pre-operative thrombocytopenia and surgical technique. We present the case of a 40-year-old man who underwent curative and diagnostic laparotomic splenectomy following chronic thrombocytopenia and concurrent splenomegaly who subsequently developed extensive portal and splenic vein thrombosis. Teaching Point: Portal and splenic vein thrombosis after splenectomy is a relatively uncommon but important diagnosis in which radiology has a pivotal role

INGA ORD - En litteraturstudie om kommunikationen mellan afatikern och dennes närstående

Bakgrund: Att drabbas av afasi kan vara omskakande för både personen som fått afasi och dennes närstående. Afasi innebär nedsatt talförmåga och/eller nedsatt språkförståelse som orsakats av en hjärnskada. Stroke är den tredje vanligaste dödsorsaken och den vanligaste orsaken till allvarliga funktionshinder. Cirka 40 % av alla strokepatienter drabbas av afasi. Afasi påverkar det psykosociala måendet hos afatikern och rehabilitering behövs både till kropp och själ. Afatikerns förmåga att återhämta språkfunktionen beror på hur stor skadan i hjärnan är och vart den sitter. En social miljö främjar afatikerns återhämtning i kommunikationen. Afasins påverkan på närstående är stor och närstående behöver stöd vid vård av personer med afasi. Syfte: Att belysa kommunikationen mellan personer med afasi till följd av stroke och deras närstående. Metod: Litteraturstudie baserad på tio kvalitativa studier. Resultat: Fyra huvudkategorier. Nya kommunikationsroller i vardagen efter afasin; Konversationerna var intervjulikande och handlade inte om intressanta saker. Kommunikationen var svår när någon av parterna inte förstod varandra. Faktorer och svårigheter som hämmar kommunikationen; Som t.ex. trötthet, stress, smärta och när närstående inte anpassar sig till afatikern. Kommunikationsstrategier; Närstående anpassade och underlättade kommunikationen genom att ändra språk, beteende och uppförande. Frustration och hoppfullhet; Afatiker sörjde förmågan att ha normala konversationer. När afatiker var glada, alerta och hade optimistiska tankar underlättades kommunikationen. Slutsats: Resultatet har givit en ökat förståelse och uppfattning om hur kommunikationen upplevs av afatiker och deras närstående. Studiens resultat går inte att generalisera på grund av att det är baserat på kvalitativa artiklar.Background: To suffer from aphasia can be upsetting for both the person with aphasia and their extended family. Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of serious disability. Aphasia means speech impaired and / or impaired language comprehension caused by a brain injury. Approximately 40% of all stroke patients suffer from aphasia. Aphasia affects the aphasics’ psychosocial wellbeing and rehabilitation is needed. The aphasics ability to recover language function depends on how big the damage in the brain is and where it is located. A social environment promotes the aphasics recovery in communication. Aphasia impact the extended family in a major way and they often need support in the care of the person with aphasia. Purpose: To illustrate the communication between people with aphasia following stroke and their families. Method: A Literature review based on ten qualitative studies. Results: Four main categories. New communication roles in everyday life after aphasia; The conversations was like interviews and was not about interesting things. Communication was difficult when one of the parties did not understand each other. Factors and difficulties hindering communication; Like fatigue, stress, pain, and when extended family did not adapt to aphasic. Communication Strategies; Extended family adapted and facilitated their communication by changing their language and behavior. Frustration and hopefulness; The aphasic mourned the ability to have normal conversations. The communication was eased when the aphasic was happy, alert and had optimistic thoughts. Conclusion: The results have given an increased understanding and perception of how communication is experienced by people with aphasia and their extended families. The results of the study cannot be generalized. Additional research in this area is needed for generalizable results to be applicable

An Avoidable Cognitive Error in Chest Radiography

Teaching Point: Awareness in radiology reporting of cognitive errors such as the alliterative bias can help minimize the delay to diagnosis and accelerate adequate patient care.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Emphysematous cystitis

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

La hernie transdurale de la moelle épinière thoracique, une cause rare de syndrome de Brown-Séquard

We report a rare case of thoracic spinal cord herniation due to a defect of the anterior dura mater causing a progressive myelopathy. This case, illustrated by magnetic resonance and surgical imageries, will make the reader aware of this entity and then prevent misdiagnosis.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The contribution of ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of congenital and infantile nephrotic syndrome

The aim of this study was to determine whether high-resolution ultrasound is able to differentiate between the various diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome (NS). We reviewed the US features of 15 patients less than 1 year presenting a NS whose exact type was defined by pathology nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type (NSFT, n=2); focal and segmental hyalinosis (FSH, n=3); minimal-change glomerular disease (MCGD, n=2); neonatal glomerulonephritis (n=l), and diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS, n=7). The US features studied included the size of the kidneys, cortical echogenicity, cortico-medullary differentiation (CMD), and borders. The images were reviewed on hard copies by two observers unaware of the final diagnosis. In each case a diagnosis was proposed based on the reading of the US features. Six patients with DMS displayed a peculiar US pattern: mild increase of renal size; and inhomogeneous (patchwork-like) parenchymal hyperechogenicity that included areas of the cortex and medulla. The NSFT and neonatal glomerulonephritis displayed some of the same US features: increased kidney size (+2 SD) and had homogeneous cortical hyperechogenity with persistent cortico-medullar differentiation. The kidneys in the 3 patients with SFH were sonographically normal (n=l) or displayed a mild cortical hyperechogenicity (n=2). Inhomogeneous parenchymal hyperechogenicity involving only segments of the cortex and medulla seems to be a specific US pattern for DMS. Ultrasound is less specific for the other types of CNS.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Long-term outcome and adverse effects of selective dorsal rhizotomy in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

To assess the long-term outcome and adverse events of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP)