CDFIs Stepping into the Breach: An Impact Evaluation—Summary Report

This report summarizes research undertaken by the Carsey School of Public Policy to evaluate impacts of the Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund on CDFIs and of the CDFI industry on the people and communities it serves. In summary, we find a variety of evidence indicating that CDFIs are advancing the statutory purposes of the CDFI Fund to promote economic revitalization and community development through the provision of credit, capital and financial services to underserved populations and communities in the United State

CDFIs and Online Business Lending: A Review of Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

The report, authored by Jack Northrup, Eric Hangen, and Michael Swack, looks at some of the issues CDFIs face as the fintech industry (technology companies involved in lending) grows and begins to target markets served by CDFIs

CDFI industry analysis: summary report

The Carsey Institute, under contract to NeighborWorks® America and the U.S. Department of Treasury\u27s Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund, conducted a detailed analysis of a large sample of community development financial institutions (CDFIs) on issues of capitalization, liquidity and portfolio, and risk management by CDFIs from 2005 to 2010. This work is part of the CDFI Fund\u27s Capacity Building Initiative. The purpose of the report is to explore issues of capitalization, liquidity, and portfolio and risk management by CDFIs

CDFIs Can Make the SBA PPP Loan Program Work for Smaller, Minority-Owned, and Women-Owned, Small Businesses

As currently being implemented by the Small Business Administration (SBA), the loans made available through the $349 billion Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), part of the CARES Act recently enacted to address the COVID-19 crisis, are likely to significantly bypass smaller small businesses and those that are minority- or women-owned. In this brief, authors Eric Hangen and Michael Swack discuss a simple policy solution to increase the effectiveness of the SBA PPP. Allowing certified Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) to disburse SBA PPP loans would enable CDFIs to serve community-oriented small businesses, helping them to continue to employ thousands of people—something that they will not be able to do without assistance. Without this bridge to a post-COVID-19 existence many of these businesses will fail, removing important pillars on which their communities depend

CDFI industry analysis: summary report, 508 compliant version

The Carsey Institute, under contract to NeighborWorks® America and the U.S. Department of Treasury\u27s Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund, conducted a detailed analysis of a large sample of community development financial institutions (CDFIs) on issues of capitalization, liquidity and portfolio, and risk management by CDFIs from 2005 to 2010. This work is part of the CDFI Fund\u27s Capacity Building Initiative. The purpose of the report is to explore issues of capitalization, liquidity, and portfolio and risk management by CDFIs

Behavioral Finance of Impact Investing: The Case of Donor-Advised Funds

Undeployed charitable assets in donor-advised funds (DAFs) reached $121.4 billion in 2018‒including$33.9 billion at Community Foundations. Most of these undeployed funds are invested in conventional financial instruments. However, DAFs present a unique opportunity to promote impact investing into the local community, including Community Development Financial Institutions that serve their local communities. In this report, authors Eric Hangen, Michael Swack, and Jordan Hensley discuss the results of their study to see whether DAF donors’ choices of how to invest undeployed funds can be influenced by a change in how donor choices are presented, with the intention of increasing the percentage of undeployed funds that donors designate for community impact investments

A weight-efficient design strategy for cutouts in composite transport structures

Two design procedures for composite panels with cutouts are described and illustrated by example applications. One of these procedures uses a specialized cutout analysis code to obtain preliminary sizing information for the panel laminate, cutout padup, and cutout stiffener reinforcements. The other procedure uses a finite element based structural optimization code to develop a minimum weight panel design. The best features of both procedures form the basis of a design strategy for weight-efficient cutout panels

Brokering justice: global indigenous rights and struggles over hydropower in Nepal

This article explores the dynamics of brokerage at the intersection between the justice conceptions enshrined in global norms and the notions of justice asserted in specific socio-environmental struggles. Using the case of a small hydropower project in Nepal, we trace the attempts of an indigenous activist to enrol villagers in his campaign against the background of villagers’ everyday negotiations with the hydropower company. The study shows how global norms, such as indigenous peoples’ rights, may fail to gain traction on the ground or even become sources of injustice in particular contexts

Projected loss of soil organic carbon in temperate agricultural soils in the 21^stcentury: effects of climate change and carbon input trends

Climate change and stagnating crop yields may cause a decline of SOC stocks in agricultural soils leading to considerable CO2 emissions and reduced agricultural productivity. Regional model-based SOC projections are needed to evaluate these potential risks. In this study, we simulated the future SOC development in cropland and grassland soils of Bavaria in the 21st century. Soils from 51 study sites representing the most important soil classes of Central Europe were fractionated and derived SOC pools were used to initialize the RothC soil carbon model. For each site, long-term C inputs were determined using the C allocation method. Model runs were performed for three different C input scenarios as a realistic range of projected yield development. Our modelling approach revealed substantial SOC decreases of 11–16% under an expected mean temperature increase of 3.3 °C assuming unchanged C inputs. For the scenario of 20% reduced C inputs, agricultural SOC stocks are projected to decline by 19–24%. Remarkably, even the optimistic scenario of 20% increased C inputs led to SOC decreases of 3–8%. Projected SOC changes largely differed among investigated soil classes. Our results indicated that C inputs have to increase by 29% to maintain present SOC stocks in agricultural soils

Protective effects of antiâ C5a peptide antibodies in experimental sepsis

We evaluated antibodies to different peptide regions of rat C5a in the sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for their protective effects in rats. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were developed to the following peptide regions of rat C5a: aminoâ terminal region (A), residues 1â 16; middle region (M), residues 17â 36; and the carboxylâ terminal region (C), residues 58â 77. With rat neutrophils, the chemotactic activity of rat C5a was significantly inhibited by antibodies with the following rank order: antiâ C > antiâ M â « antiâ A. In vivo, antibodies to the M and C (but not A) regions of C5a were protective in experimental sepsis, as determined by survival over a 10â day period, in a doseâ dependent manner. The relative protective efficacies of antiâ C5a preparations (in descending order of efficacy) were antiâ C â ¥ antiâ M â « antiâ A. In CLP rats, a delay in infusion of antibodies, which were injected at 6 or 12 h after CLP, still resulted in significant improvement in survival rates. These in vivo and in vitro data suggest that there are optimal targets on C5a for blockade during sepsis and that delayed infusion of antiâ C5a antibody until after onset of clinical evidence of sepsis still provides protective effects.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154417/1/fsb2fj000653fje-sup-0001.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154417/2/fsb2fj000653fje.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154417/3/fsb2fj000653fje-sup-0002.pd