Validated Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Oxybuprocaine Hydrochloride

Simple, rapid, accurate and reliable spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for determination of Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (OXY) in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparation. The methods depend on charge transfer reaction of OXY as n-electron donor with p-chloranilic acid (p-CA), 2, 3 – dichloro 5, 6 – dicyano 1, 4 benzoquinone (DDQ) and iodine as π and σ acceptors, respectively. These reactions were studied under various conditions and the optimum parameters were selected. Under the optimum reaction conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9996, 0.9997, and 0.9998) were found between absorbance of the formed complexes and concentrations of OXY in the range of 20.0 - 220.0 μg/mL, 10.0-80.0 μg/mL and 4.0-44.0 μg/mL for (p-CA), DDQ and iodine methods, respectively. The methods were successfully applied for the determination of OXY in pure form and in dosage form. Job’s method was applied to determine the stoichiometry of the reactions. No significant difference was found at p = 0.05 when the obtained results of the proposed methods were statistically compared with those obtained by an official method

Advanced Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Nanowires

Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa dalam rangkaperan dan kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap pengembangan Dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai dengan cara melalui kebijakan teknis yaitu meningkatkan budaya baca di kalangan masyarakat kabupaten sinjai dengan kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam ini Kepala Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai dengan menyediakan buku dan pengembangan budaya baca melalui sosialisasi dan publikasi,upaya meningkatkan kualitas layanan di perpustakaan dan upaya peningkatan sarana dan prasarana. Adapun kendala yang menjadi penghambat dalam rangka peran dan kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap pengembangan Dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai yaitu tidak lain daripada sumber dana (anggaran) dan sumber daya daya manusia yang tidak mencukupi, memadai, ataupun tidak kompeten di bidangnya

Advanced Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Nanowires

Magnetic nanowires feature unique properties that have attracted the interest of different research areas from basic physics over biomedicine to data storage. The combination of crystalline and shape anisotropy is mainly responsible for the magnetic properties of the nanowires, whereby different methods for tuning those properties are available. The nanowires typically represent single-domain particles, and magnetization switching occurs via domain walls nucleated at the ends of the nanowire and traversing it. Combined with a high biocompatibility, iron or iron oxide nanowires can be used as nanorobots for biomedical applications, destroying cancer cells, or delivering drugs. The nanowires are also attractive for data storage, especially in a three-dimensional device, because of the high-domain wall speed that has been theoretically predicted. This chapter offers an introduction to the electrochemical synthesis of cylindrical nanowires in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Template modification techniques such as barrier layer thinning, barrier layer etching, and diameter modulation are discussed. Advanced fabrication techniques of nanowires with varying structural and chemical variations such as multisegmented and core-shell nanowires are elaborated. The characterization of single nanowires encompassing physical, magnetic, and electrical techniques is covered

Improving face recognition by artificial neural network using principal component analysis

The face-recognition system is among the most effective pattern recognition and image analysis techniques. This technique has met great attention from academic and industrial fields because of its extensive use in detecting the identity of individuals for monitoring systems, security and many other practical fields. In this paper, an effective method of face recognition was proposed. Ten person's faces images were selected from ORL dataset, for each person (42) image with total of (420) images as dataset. Features are extracted using principle component analysis PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the face images. Four models where created, the first one was trained using feed forward back propagation learning (FFBBL) with 40 features, the second was trained using 50 features with FFBBL, the third was trained using the same features but using Elman Neural Network. For each person (24) image used as training set for the neural networks, while the remaining images used as testing set. The results showed that the proposed method was effective and highly accurate. FFBBL give accuracy of (98.33,97.14) with (40, 50) features respectively, while Elman gives (98.33, 98.80) for with (40, 50) features respectively

Highly sensitive fiber-optic temperature sensor based on tapered no-core fiber for biomedical and biomechanical applications

A low-cost, easy to fabricate real-time temperature sensation device built on an In-Line Mach–Zehnder interferometer basis was manufactured by fusing a segment of no-core fiber amongst two fibers of single-mode. Two different structures, tapered no-core fiber, and untapered no-core fiber both retaining acrylate polymer coating were investigated. The 3 cm length tapered no-core fiber sensor showed the highest sensitivities of ∼ −1.943 nm ◦C−1 and ∼ −1.954 nm ◦C−1 for two different dips respectively. The sensor exhibited high linearity with a very good resolution of 0.0102 ◦C. making the most of the high coefficient of thermal expansion, thermo-optic properties of the acrylate polymer, and the tapering effect, the sensor could be utilized in many temperatures observing applications like biochemical labs, biomechanical studies, and bio-sensing analyses

Improved Spectrophotometric Estimation of Nimodipine in the Pharmaceutical Formulation and Biological Fluids

Nimodipine (NDP) belongs to the class of pharmacological agents known as calcium channel blockers. It is used to treat symptoms resulting from a ruptured blood vessel in the brain (hemorrhage). NDP increases blood flow to injured brain tissues. For its clinical importance, a sensitive, accurate and simple spectrophotometric approach for the evaluation of NDP in bulk, tablet and biological fluids has been developed. The procedure involves the reaction of the reduced NDP with equimolar nitrous acid then followed by coupling with the available γ-resorsolic acid reagent in a basic solution to give a colored azo dye. The resulting azo dye is soluble in water and shows a maximum absorption peak at 436 nm. All the variables which affect the conditions such as the influence of acid, γ-resorsolic acid and alkali concentrations, reaction time and Beer׳s law limits were studied carefully and adjusted. The optimal conditions showed the color of azo-dye was stable for more than 1 h. The method was found linear in the range from 1.0 to 40 µg/mL with a good value of determination coefficient (R2= 0.9988). The molar absorptivity was calculated and set up to be 1.8495x104 L/mol.cm. The detection limits and quantitation limits were also estimated and found to be 0.0059 and 0.0195 µg/mL, correspondingly. The approach was established by estimating NDP in pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids. The precision (RSD) was calculated to be better than 0.324%, whereas the values of recovery percent and relative errors were in the range of 97.95% to 99.08 % and -3.78% to 2.22%, respectively, without interfering from any common excipients present in the samples. The nature of the yellow dye has been studied between diazotized NDP and γ-resorsolic acid reagent and was equal to 1:1

Investigation of the Effect of Poly-Methyl Subgroups on the Electronic and Spectroscopic Properties of Fullerene C60 Molecule

This study focuses on employing the B3LYP hybrid functional method with 6-31G basis sets to study the effects of the addition of poly-methyl subgroups on the electronic and spectroscopic properties of fullerene C60 cage molecule. Koopman,s method was used to calculate some important electronic variables, such as, the ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity. We showed that the location and the subgroups number of methyl in fullerene molecule effect on the calculated  energies. The addition of the methyl reduces the energy gap, means we construct new molecular electronic structures which can be used in many applications. Keywords: B3LYP, Koopmans theorem, Energy Gap and Polarizability

Isolation and molecular characterization of Vibrio fluvialis from diarrheal children in Nasiriyha City

The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence, molecular features, as well as the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Vibrio.fluvialis isolated from diarrheal (children) in Nasiriya city from (July  2016 to February2017) . A total of (20) samples of Vibrio. fluvialis   were collected and analyzed by bacteriological, molecular and antimicrobial methods. Green and yellow bacterial colonies were recovered on thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar plates. The phenotypic characteristics of the isolates, including morphological, physiological and biochemical traits were determined and confirmed using API 20E system. Following isolation, the 16S rRNA gene specific for the genus Vibrio.fluvailis  was investigated by using PCR.  Antimicrobial susceptibility to 10  antimicrobial agents was determined by the disc agar-diffusion method .In this study the isolates were  more resistance to polymaxin B (70%) & streptomycin  (65%) and tetracycline (60%),while doxycycline was (60%) ,ampicillin and chloramphenicol (55%) ,while trimethoprim was resistance (50%).while was more sensitative to Nalidixic acid &Azithromycin (35%)and ciprofloxacin (45%).  The study showed an increase  presences of Vibrio.fluvialis in diarrheal children &ahight resistance of many antimicrobial agent that importance to find suitable methods to control the infection transmission