Perception of flood victims towards housing reconstruction after 2014 flood in Kuala Krai, Kelantan

housing reconstruction in the aftermath of a disaster is critical assistance that is provided after emergency aid. the government and agencies are compelled to rebuild houses for the community made homeless by the disaster. nevertheless, inadequate attention has been given to the post-reconstruction stage to ascertain if the project was built according to occupants? needs. previous studies have highlighted numerous issues that had occurred within the completed post-disaster housing which have caused living difficulties among the occupants. in view of the foregoing issues, this study explored residents? perceptions, housing modifications and their preferences for the reconstructed houses in kuala krai, the most severely-hit district in kelantan during the disastrous 2014-flood. across the district, there are two types of housing reconstruction, namely rumah kekal baru (rkb) and rumah kluster (rk). rkb was built on the beneficiaries? own land, and rk was a relocation scheme. kampung manek urai lama was chosen as the case study for rkb, and laman seri ehsan in kampung telekong was the case study that represented rk. semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data for this study, while visual research was accomplished to assess housing modifications and adaptations. 18 respondents were selected through purposive sampling from which only informative samples with related experiences were selected. a qualitative analysis software, atlas.ti version 8 was utilised in this study. the analysis revealed that residents were pleased with the house replacement, but were not pleased with the conditions of the house. it was discovered that certain housing necessities and local traditions were not considered in the original house design. these shortcomings were found to be the major reasons that forced the residents to modify their houses even with meagre financial resources. unfortunately, a majority could not afford to improve their houses to meet their needs. this study discovered that “one-size-fits-all” house design is not feasible to be adopted especially in poverty-stricken community. therefore, with an emphasis on the beneficiaries? well-being, this research recommends the adoption of a core house approach, participatory approach and a comprehensive evaluation when designing and planning for better future housing in a post-disaster context. the outcome of this research could facilitate a better pre-disaster planning and post-disaster recovery that would involve various parties including the government, authorities, consultants, academicians and the rescue department. finally, this research has demonstrated that it is important to evaluate post-disaster housing outcomes as they offer opportunities to recognise and subsequently overcome the issues that had previously led to housing that did not fulfil the occupants? needs

Fabrication of flexible Au/ZnO/ITO/PET memristor using dilute electrodeposition method

DRAM has been approaching its maximum physical limit due to the demand of smaller size and higher capacity memory resistor. The researchers have discovered the abilities of a memristor, a Non Volatile Memory (NVM) that could overcome the size and capacity obstacles. This paper discussed about the deposition of zinc oxide (ZnO) on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by electrodeposition. Metallic Zn film was deposited on substrates with varying deposition time from 15 to 120 seconds in very dilute zinc chloride (ZnCl2) aqueous and subsequently oxidized at 150C to form ZnO/ITO coated PET junction. The deposited thin film was characterized via x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results from I-V measurement show the deposited ZnO exhibits pinched hysteresis loop. The hysteresis loop becomes smaller with increasing deposition time. The 15 seconds electrodeposition gave the largest hysteresis loop and largest value of resistive switching ratio of 1.067. The result of the synthesized ZnO on the flexible substrate can be one of the alternatives to replace the current memory system as the flexible memory system

Mobile Augmented Reality Hand Wash (MARHw): Mobile Application to Guide Community to Ameliorate Handwashing Effectiveness to Oppose Covid-19 Disease

The global concern about a new pandemic associated with the insufficiency of vaccines has necessitated basic practices of handwashing to get prevention in Covid-19 disease in modern health issues. At this point, due to that, the researchers develop a simple mobile application engaging augmented reality to educate the urban and rural community on a notable effect of basic infection prevention practices peculiarly on hand wash guidance to prevent Covid-19infection. A quality of a hand wash could be attained by washing hands in conformity with health standard guidelines. In this study, we analyze a sample size of 83 participants (n=83), there were categorized by age, young adult (ages 15 to 35, n=28), middle-age (36 to 55, n=28) and older adults (older than 56 years, n=27) through three main formulated hypotheses namely as a step, movement, and duration and being analyzed by SPSS version 25by using Anova. The differences in demographics and gender are not being compared amongst the group. The final result underlying a statistical significance draws two significant factors for step and movement and there was no significant effect at the time factor of utilizing this mobile application. Hence, the final result could mitigate the Malaysian government sector peculiarly to the health department to alleviate the load of educating a community about a proper hand wash that would ease the process

Dilute electrodeposition of TiO2 and ZnO thin film memristors on Cu substrate

Memristor has become one of the alternatives to replace the current memory technologies. Fabrication of titanium dioxide, TiO2 memristor has been extensively studied by using various deposition methods. However, recently more researches have been done to explore the compatibility of other transition metal oxide, TMO such as zinc oxide, ZnO to be used as the active layer of the memristor. This paper highlights the simple and easy-control electrodeposition to deposit titanium, Ti and zinc, Zn thin film at room temperature and subsequent thermal oxidation at 600 oC. Gold, Au was then sputtered as top electrode to create metal-insulator-metal, MIM sandwich of Au/TiO2-Cu2O-CuO/Cu and Au/ZnO-Cu2O-CuO/Cu memristors. The structural, morphological and memristive properties were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, FESEM, X-Ray Diffraction, XRD and current-voltage, I-V measurement. Both Au/TiO2-Cu2O-CuO/Cu and Au/ZnO-Cu2O-CuO/Cu memristivity were identified by the pinched hysteresis loop with resistive ratio of 1.2 and 1.08 respectively. Empirical study on diffusivity of Ti4+, Zn2+ and O2- ions in both metal oxides show that the metal vacancies were formed, thus giving rise to its memristivity. The electrodeposited Au/TiO2-Cu2OCuO/Cu and Au/ZnO-Cu2O-CuO/Cu memristors demonstrate comparable performances to previous studies using other methods

Gold-catalyzed growth of aluminium-doped zinc oxide nanorods by sputtering method

Aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanorods thin films were grown by RFmagnetron sputtering on gold (Au) metal catalyst. The Au catalyst layers with 5, 10, and 15nm thickness were deposited on glass substrates by sputtering method followed by annealing for 15 min at 500∘C to form Au nanostructures on the glass substrate.The AZO thin films were then deposited on the Au catalyst at different deposition temperature varying from 200 to 500∘C. Postdeposition annealing processes of the Au catalyst resulted in different morphologies of the Au catalyst layers depending on their thicknesses. This in turn gave different AZO morphologies which suggest that the Au catalyst layer thickness and the deposition temperature contribute to the growthmechanism of the AZO nanostructures. AZO nanorods thin films having hexagonal wurtzite structure with individual nanorods on the film surface were obtained from the samples deposited on 5 and 10 nm thick Au catalyst with the deposition temperature of 300∘C

Provision of Post-flood Housing Reconstruction in Kuala Krai, Kelantan vs. Local Housing Practices

In post-disaster housing reconstruction (PDHR), local values have been disregarded, causing difficulties in the community's daily lives. Thisresearch aimed to assess the physical attributes of PDHR in Kuala Krai Kelantan against pre-flood traditional values and to analyze their response toward these values. This analysis employed a case study method involving 36 Kampung Manek Urai Lama respondents. Findings discovered that crucial local housing attributes were not considered in the PDHR, resulting in culturally incompatible houses. The result of this study shall be a learning tool to facilitate improvement for future PDHR in Malaysia

Interactive Modelling of Buildings in Google Earth and GIS: a 3D Tool for Urban Planning (Tunjuk Island, Indonesia)

3D modelling of buildings in Google Earth in Batam city, Indonesia is very important for knowledge about facility, infrastructure, and others.Three-dimensional (3D) visualisations are an interesting method for representing model outcomes. This research In Tunjuk island with coordinate, at Latitude: 0.984123°, and Longitude: 104.225606°, with technical terms, there are two alternative routes for implementation, and they both share the same starting stage. In (Figure 5) visible visual measurements of the master plan that has been made has a length 141.99 metre and width 54.25 metre with location at Latitude 0.984593° and Longitude 104.228073°. In (Figure 5) visible visual measurements of the master plan that has been made has a length 92.96 metre and width 135.46  metre with location at Latitude 0.984593° and Longitude 104.228073°. This paper presented a rapid visualisation tool for supporting the joint decision making in evaluation of design/renewal proposals in Batam City, Tunjuk Island, Indonesia. 3D building using Google Earth (GE) and combaining Geographic Information System (GIS) system be done officially on a sampling or auditing basis by a professional body or by researchers, or it could be done by volunteers and user groups

HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches

HIV/AIDS is still a major worldwide health concern, and Indonesia is making efforts to mitigate its effects. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV), which aims to decrease viral replication, boost immunological function, and lengthen the lifespans of persons living with HIV/AIDS, is the cornerstone of Indonesia’s strategy. The availability of ARV has significantly increased, yet problems including stigma and the requirement for regular medication adherence still exist. To address the broader needs of those affected by HIV/AIDS, Indonesia lays a major focus on comprehensive care, which includes mental health and social support, in addition to ARV. Data show that, despite progress, there is still a stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS, which affects patient outcomes and access to care. With vigorous research into cutting-edge antiretroviral medications and treatment techniques, Indonesia has a thriving future therapeutic landscape. The goals of these programs are to increase treatment effectiveness, decrease side effects, and increase access to cutting-edge treatments. Preventive methods, such as PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), are making progress, and efforts to find a cure are gaining prominence. Notably, HIV/AIDS management plan of Indonesia heavily relies on natural remedies. Patient care incorporates traditional Indonesian medicine, such as jamu and several herbal medicines. Although there is little scientific proof to support the effectiveness of these herbal remedies, complementary and alternative therapies frequently employ them to manage symptoms and promote general wellness. In terms of the 95-95-95 targets, Indonesia is making an effort to comply with these international goals by seeking to diagnose 95% of HIV-positive individuals, provide sustained ARV to 95% of those diagnosed, and achieve viral suppression in 95% of ARV recipients. Although there are gaps in reaching these aims, progress is being made, in part because of the aforementioned challenges. In summary, Indonesia employs a multimodal approach to HIV/AIDS management, including traditional herbal cures, continuous research into cutting-edge treatments, and conventional ARV. In order to enhance overall health outcomes and create a healthier society, the future of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia is concentrated on expanding therapeutic alternatives, reaching the 95-95-95 targets, decreasing stigma, and improving access to care