5,742 research outputs found
Analysis of the Penn Korean Universal Dependency Treebank (PKT-UD): Manual Revision to Build Robust Parsing Model in Korean
In this paper, we first open on important issues regarding the Penn Korean
Universal Treebank (PKT-UD) and address these issues by revising the entire
corpus manually with the aim of producing cleaner UD annotations that are more
faithful to Korean grammar. For compatibility to the rest of UD corpora, we
follow the UDv2 guidelines, and extensively revise the part-of-speech tags and
the dependency relations to reflect morphological features and flexible
word-order aspects in Korean. The original and the revised versions of PKT-UD
are experimented with transformer-based parsing models using biaffine
attention. The parsing model trained on the revised corpus shows a significant
improvement of 3.0% in labeled attachment score over the model trained on the
previous corpus. Our error analysis demonstrates that this revision allows the
parsing model to learn relations more robustly, reducing several critical
errors that used to be made by the previous model.Comment: Accepted by The 16th International Conference on Parsing
Technologies, IWPT 202
The Built-In Sensor Bearing to Measure The Shaft Motion Of A Small Rotary Compressor For Air-Conditioning
Design, Field Evaluation, and Traffic Analysis of a Competitive Autonomous Driving Model in a Congested Environment
Recently, numerous studies have investigated cooperative traffic systems
using the communication among vehicle-to-everything (V2X). Unfortunately, when
multiple autonomous vehicles are deployed while exposed to communication
failure, there might be a conflict of ideal conditions between various
autonomous vehicles leading to adversarial situation on the roads. In South
Korea, virtual and real-world urban autonomous multi-vehicle races were held in
March and November of 2021, respectively. During the competition, multiple
vehicles were involved simultaneously, which required maneuvers such as
overtaking low-speed vehicles, negotiating intersections, and obeying traffic
laws. In this study, we introduce a fully autonomous driving software stack to
deploy a competitive driving model, which enabled us to win the urban
autonomous multi-vehicle races. We evaluate module-based systems such as
navigation, perception, and planning in real and virtual environments.
Additionally, an analysis of traffic is performed after collecting multiple
vehicle position data over communication to gain additional insight into a
multi-agent autonomous driving scenario. Finally, we propose a method for
analyzing traffic in order to compare the spatial distribution of multiple
autonomous vehicles. We study the similarity distribution between each team's
driving log data to determine the impact of competitive autonomous driving on
the traffic environment
Microscopic mechanism of fullerene fusion
Combining total energy calculations with a search of phase space, we investigate the microscopic fusion mechanism of C60 fullerenes. We find that the (2 + 2) cycloaddition reaction, a necessary precursor for fullerene fusion, may be accelerated inside a nanotube. Fusion occurs along the minimum energy path as a finite sequence of Stone-Wales transformations, determined by a graphical search program. Search of the phase space using the "string method" indicates that Stone-Wales transformations are multistep processes, and provides detailed information about the transition states and activation barriers associated with fusion.open413
Trans-dominant cellular inhibition of DC-SIGN-mediated HIV-1 transmission
BACKGROUND: Dendritic cell (DC) transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to CD4+ T cells occurs across a point of cell-cell contact referred to as the infectious synapse. The relationship between the infectious synapse and the classically defined immunological synapse is not currently understood. We have recently demonstrated that human B cells expressing exogenous DC-SIGN, DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3)-grabbing nonintegrin, efficiently transmit captured HIV type 1 (HIV-1) to CD4+ T cells. K562, another human cell line of hematopoietic origin that has been extensively used in functional analyses of DC-SIGN and related molecules, lacks the principal molecules involved in the formation of immunological synaptic junctions, namely major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). We thus examined whether K562 erythroleukemic cells could recapitulate efficient DC-SIGN-mediated HIV-1 transmission (DMHT). RESULTS: Here we demonstrate that DMHT requires cell-cell contact. Despite similar expression of functional DC-SIGN, K562/DC-SIGN cells were inefficient in the transmission of HIV-1 to CD4+ T cells when compared with Raji/DC-SIGN cells. Expression of MHC class II molecules or LFA-1 on K562/DC-SIGN cells was insufficient to rescue HIV-1 transmission efficiency. Strikingly, we observed that co-culture of K562 cells with Raji/DC-SIGN cells impaired DMHT to CD4+ T cells. The K562 cell inhibition of transmission was not directly exerted on the CD4+ T cell targets and required contact between K562 and Raji/DC-SIGN cells. CONCLUSIONS: DMHT is cell type dependent and requires cell-cell contact. We also find that the cellular milieu can negatively regulate DC-SIGN transmission of HIV-1 in trans
Atomic layer deposition of the conductive delafossite PtCoO<sub>2</sub>
The first atomic layer deposition process for a ternary oxide is reported, which contains a metal of the platinum group, the delafossite PtCoO2. The deposition with the precursors trimethyl-Pt-methylcyclopentadienyl, Co-bis(N-t-butyl-N′-ethylpropanimidamidate), and oxygen plasma results in a process with a nearly constant growth rate and stoichiometric composition over a wide temperature window from 100 to 320 °C. Annealing of the as-deposited amorphous films in an oxygen atmosphere in a temperature window from 700 to 800 °C leads to the formation of the delafossite phase. Very thin films show a pronounced preferred orientation with the Pt sheets being almost parallel to the substrate surface while arbitrary orientation is observed for thicker films. The conformal coating of narrow trenches highlights the potential of this atomic-layer-deposition process. Moreover, heterostructures with magnetic films are fabricated to demonstrate the potential of PtCoO2 for spintronic applications
Influence of Backbone Curvature on the Organic Electrochemical Transistor Performance of Glycolated Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers
[Abstract] Two new glycolated semiconducting polymers PgBT(F)2gT and PgBT(F)2gTT of differing backbone curvatures were designed and synthesised for application as p-type accumulation mode organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) materials. Both polymers demonstrated stable and reversible oxidation, accessible within the aqueous electrochemical window, to generate polaronic charge carriers. OECTs fabricated from PgBT(F)2gT featuring a curved backbone geometry attained a higher volumetric capacitance of 170 F cm−3. However, PgBT(F)2gTT with a linear backbone displayed overall superior OECT performance with a normalised peak transconductance of 3.00×104 mS cm−1, owing to its enhanced order, expediting the charge mobility to 0.931 cm2 V−1 s−1.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; EP/T028513/1República de Corea. Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; NRF-2017K1A1A2013153República de Corea. Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; NRF-2021R1A2C1013015República de Corea. Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; NRF-2018M3A7B4070988República de Corea. Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; NRF-2020M3D1A1030660República de Corea. Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; NRF-2020M1A2A208074
KMT-2016-BLG-1107: A New Hollywood-Planet Close/Wide Degeneracy
We show that microlensing event KMT-2016-BLG-1107 displays a new type of
degeneracy between wide-binary and close-binary Hollywood events in which a
giant-star source envelops the planetary caustic. The planetary anomaly takes
the form of a smooth, two-day "bump" far out on the falling wing of the light
curve, which can be interpreted either as the source completely enveloping a
minor-image caustic due to a close companion with mass ratio , or
partially enveloping a major-image caustic due to a wide companion with
. The best estimates of the companion masses are both in the planetary
regime ( and ) but differ by an even larger factor than the mass ratios due to
different inferred host masses. We show that the two solutions can be
distinguished by high-resolution imaging at first light on next-generation
("30m") telescopes. We provide analytic guidance to understand the conditions
under which this new type of degeneracy can appear.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A
KMT-2018-BLG-1990Lb: A Nearby Jovian Planet From A Low-Cadence Microlensing Field
We report the discovery and characterization of KMT-2018-BLG-1990Lb, a Jovian
planet orbiting a late M dwarf
, at a distance
(D_L=1.23_{-0.43}^{+1.06}\,\kpc), and projected at times the
snow line distance, i.e., a_{\rm snow}\equiv 2.7\,\au (M/M_\odot), This is
the second Jovian planet discovered by KMTNet in its low cadence () fields, demonstrating that this population will be well
characterized based on survey-only microlensing data.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures, 4 table
Screening for inborn errors of metabolism in high-risk children: a 3-year pilot study in Zhejiang Province, China
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has been available in China for 8 years. This technique makes it possible to screen for a wide range of previously unscreened inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) using a single test. This 3-year pilot study investigated the screening, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of IEM in symptomatic infants and children.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>All children encountered in the Newborn Screening Center of Zhejiang Province during a 3-year period with symptoms suspicious for IEM were screened for metabolic diseases. Dried blood spots were collected and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. The diagnoses were further confirmed by clinical symptoms and biochemical analysis. Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency and primary carnitine deficiency were confirmed by DNA analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 11,060 symptomatic patients (6,720 boys, 4,340 girls) with a median age of 28.8 months (range: 0.04-168.2 months) were screened. Among these, 62 were diagnosed with IEM, with a detection rate of 0.56%. Thirty-five were males and 27 females and the median age was 3.55 months (range 0.07-143.9 months). Of the 62 patients, 27 (43.5%) had aminoacidemias, 26 (41.9%) had organic acidemias and nine (14.5%) had fatty acid oxidation disorders.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Because most symptomatic patients are diagnosed at an older age, mental retardation and motor delay are difficult to reverse. Additionally, poor medication compliance reduces the efficacy of treatment. More extensive newborn screening is thus imperative for ensuring early diagnosis and enhancing the treatment efficacy of IEM.</p
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