Who were the Antipas?: a linguistic and ethnohistorical investigation of a forgotten tribe

(English Abstract) The ethnonym Antipa was commonly mentioned as one of the major lowland Jivaroan (also known as Chicham) tribes of north Peru in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, before disappearing both from the historical record and from the oral history of the modern Jivaroan groups. This work presents insights gained by approaching the sparse historical data from a linguistic perspective. Taking into account documented linguistic evidence, the possible etymology of the ethnonym, and evidence from oral tradition, it suggests tentative hypotheses regarding the origin and disappearance of the Antipa ethnonym. [Portuguese Abstract] A finales de los siglos 19 y comienzos del 20, el etnónimo Antipa es mencionado, comúnmente, como uno de los principales pueblos de las tierras bajas Jíbaro (también conocido como Chicham) del norte del Perú, antes de desaparecer de los registros históricos y de la historia oral de los modernos pueblos jíbaros. Este trabajo presenta los conocimientos adquiridos mediante la consulta de los escasos datos históricos desde una perspectiva lingüística. Sobre la base de pruebas lingüísticas documentadas, la posible etimología del etnónimo y la evidencia de la tradición oral, se sugiere hipótesis tentativas sobre el posible origen y desaparición del etnónimo Antipa

Surgical treatment of large incisional hernias by intraperitoneal insertion of Parietex® composite mesh with an associated aponeurotic graft (280 cases)

AIMS OF THE STUDY: To evaluate post-operative complications and the recurrence rate after repair of large ventral incisional hernia with an open technique using intraperitoneal composite mesh and an associated aponeurotic overlay. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study included a total of 280 patients who underwent repair of large incisional hernia using Parietex(®) composite mesh. RESULTS: The post-operative mortality rate was 0.35%. Six patients (2%) developed subcutaneous surgical site infection without infection of the prosthesis. Six other patients (2%) developed a deep-seated infection; in three cases, the mesh had to be removed. Nine patients (3.2%) developed recurrent incisional hernia. CONCLUSION: Large ventral incisional hernias can be effectively treated by the intraperitoneal placement of Parietex(®) composite mesh overlaid by an aponeurotic graft; the incidence of complications in this prospective study was very low

The contribution of figurative language to elaborate the hollow dignity of a 1960s feudal family in Sri Lanka: with special reference to novel, giraya by Punyakante Wijenaike

Punyakante Wijenaike is an eminent Sri Lankan novelist who has addressed women issues of Sri Lanka throughout previous six decades. Giraya is her second novel in which depicts the oppression of a middle class woman who has been married to a feudal family. Feudal system in Sri Lanka features differently from western countries and one of its major characteristics is the hollow dignity of its family members. This particular feature in the novel has been elaborated by a thickly decorated figurative language and this paper provides an in-depth analysis of its figurative language in respect with the hollow dignity of the feudal family. This paper is a content analysis and it collects the secondary data from the printed book. The proposition is weighted quantitatively by referring the certain chapters. The researcher gives his qualitative analysis by deeply analyzing the quantitative data. The qualitative analysis is purely based on the figurative language used in the novel. Therefore it considers the figures of speech used in quantitative data as much as possible. After the qualitative analysis is done, it is obvious that symbolism, imagery, metaphor and simile have given a considerable impact on presenting the fact of hollow dignity of the feudal family. In there, symbolism has taken a significant place. Sarcasm has also given a considerable impact throughout the novel to establish the idea of hollow dignity of the feudal family members

Redécouverte d’un tibia et d’un fémur provenant du site de La Madeleine, Dordogne

Lors du récolement des collections d’Anthropologie du Musée de l’Homme (Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris) en 2006, un tibia droit et un fémur droit provenant apparemment du site de La Madeleine, en Dordogne, ont été retrouvés. Ces deux vestiges ne sont pourtant mentionnés dans aucun article, ni aucun catalogue, et n’apparaissent pas dans les registres d’inventaires des collections. Il faut remonter en 1874 avec un article de Hamy dans les Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris, puis en 1875 avec le Reliquiae Aquitanicae de Lartet et Christy (qui ont fouillé le site dès sa découverte en 1863), pour trouver mention de ces deux ossements. Ils sont par la suite oubliés et disparaissent des inventaires. Une comparaison morphologique avec les pièces répertoriées au Musée de l’Homme (notamment un fragment de tibia gauche et un fragment de fémur gauche), ainsi que la comparaison avec les mesures réalisées par Hamy confirme l’appartenance de ces os à La Madeleine.During the inventory of the anthropological collections of the Musée de l’Homme (Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris) in 2006, a right tibia and a right femur apparently coming from the site of La Madeleine, Dordogne, were found. However these two remains are not mentioned in any article, nor any catalogue, and do not appear in any registers. The first mention appears in 1874 in an article of Hamy in the Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris, then in 1875 in the Reliquiae Aquitanicae from Lartet and Christy (who had excavated the site after its discovery in 1863). They are thereafter forgotten and disappear from the inventories. A morphological comparison with the fragments indexed in the Musée de l’Homme (a left fragment of tibia and a left fragment of femur), as well as the comparison with the measurements carried out by Hamy confirms that these bones come from La Madeleine

Localisations primitives inhabituelles du kyste hydatique

L’Echinococcus granulosus, parasite appartenant à la famille des Cestodes est responsable, à travers sa forme larvaire, d’une maladie : l’hydatidose. Celle-ci se manifeste typiquement au niveau hépatique ou pulmonaire ; cependant une fois sur dix, l’embryon va se loger dans n’importe quel tissu ou organe du corps humain. Les auteurs rapportent quatre cas de localisation inhabituelle de l’hydatidose : rénale, musculaire, pancréatique et thyroïdienne

Primary versus delayed repair for bile duct injuries sustained during cholecystectomy: results of a survey of the Association Francaise de Chirurgie

BACKGROUND: Bile duct injuries (BDIs) sustained during a cholecystectomy still remain a major surgical problem, and it is still not clear whether the injury should be repaired immediately or a delayed repair is preferred. METHODS: A retrospective national French survey was conducted to compare the results of immediate (at time of cholecystectomy), early (within 45 days after a cholecystectomy) and late (beyond 45 days after a cholecystectomy) surgical repair for BDI sustained during a cholecystectomy. RESULTS: Forty-seven surgical centres provided 640 cases of bile duct injury sustained during a cholecystectomy of which 543 were analysed for the purpose of the present study. The timing of repair was immediate in 194 cases (35.7%), early in 216 cases (39.8%) and late in 133 cases (24.5%). The type of repair was a suture repair in 157 cases (81%), and a bilio-digestive reconstruction in 37 cases (19%) for immediate repair; a suture repair in 119 cases (55.1%) and a bilio-digestive anastomosis in 96 cases (44.9%) for the early repair; and a bilio-digestive reconstruction in 129 cases (97%) and a suture repair in 4 cases (3%) for late repair. A second procedure was required in 110 cases (56.7%) for immediate repair, 80 cases (40.7%) for early repair (P < 0.05) and in 9 cases (6.8%) for late repair (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The timing of surgical repair for a bile duct injury sustained during a cholecystectomy influences significantly the rate of a second procedure and a late repair should be preferred option

Prognostic factors in node-negative colorectal cancer: a retrospective study from a prospective database

PURPOSE: There is a need to identify a subgroup of high-risk patients with node-negative colorectal cancer who have a poor long-term prognosis and may benefit from adjuvant therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of clinical and pathological parameters in a retrospective study from a prospective, continuous database of homogenously treated patients. METHODS: This study included 362 patients operated in a single institution for Dukes A and B (node-negative) colorectal cancer. The median follow-up was 140 months. The prognostic value of 13 clinical and pathological parameters was investigated. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis identified six independent prognostic factors: age at time of diagnosis (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.076), number of lymph nodes removed (HR = 0.948), perineural invasion (HR = 2.173), venous invasion (HR = 1.959), lymphatic vessel invasion (HR = 2.126), and T4 stage (HR = 5.876). CONCLUSION: These parameters could be useful in identifying patients with high-risk node-negative colorectal cancer who should be presented to adjuvant therapy

Les relations sentimentales dans la série Louise Morvan de Dominique Sylvain

A les seves famoses «vint regles», Van Dine, crític i escriptor de novel·la policíaca americana, excloïa d’aquest gènere qualsevol tipus d’intriga amorosa. Malgrat que els autors han transgredit repetidament altres directrius a l’hora d’elaborar una trama policíaca, el punt relatiu a les relacions sentimentals ha estat generalment respectat al llarg de la història del gènere. A partir dels anys vuitanta, la producció policíaca d’autores anglosaxones augmenta i comencen a aparèixer estudis que posen de relleu els canvis respecte als models tradicionals principalment masculins. En l’àmbit francòfon, la consolidació d’escriptores de polar es produeix a partir dels noranta. Als textos de les noves autores assistim a la incorporació de relacions sentimentals a l’argument de les novel·les. Dediquem aquest treball a la parella formada per Louise Morvan i Serge Clémenti (Sylvain), per tal d’analitzar la manera en què aquesta relació incideix en el desenvolupament de l’acció i de determinar com el tractament de la seva evolució constitueix un element de cohesió textual d’aquesta esta sèrie policíaca

Pancreatico-jejunostomy decreases post-operative pancreatic fistula incidence and severity after central pancreatectomy

BACKGROUNDS: Central pancreatectomy (CP) is an alternative to pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy in benign tumours of pancreatic isthmus management. It is known for a high post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rate. The purpose of this study was to compare POPF incidence between pancreatico-jejunostomy (PJ) and pancreatico-gastrostomy (PG). METHODS: Fifty-eight patients (mean age 53.9 ± 1.9 years) who underwent a CP in four French University Hospitals from 1988 to 2011 were analysed. The distal pancreatic remnant was either anastomosed to the stomach (44.8%, n = 25) or to a Roux-en-Y jejunal loop (55.2%, n = 35) with routine external drainage allowing a systematic search for POPF. POPF severity was classified according to the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF) and Clavien-Dindo classifications. RESULTS: The groups were similar on sex ratio, mean age, ASA score, pancreas texture, operative time and operative blood loss. Mean follow-up was 36.2 ± 3.9 months. POPF were significantly more frequent after PG (76.9 versus 37.5%, P = 0.003). PG was associated with significantly higher grade of POPF both when graded with ISGPF classification (P = 0.012) and Clavien-Dindo classification (P = 0.044). There was no significant difference in post-operative bleeding (0.918) and delayed gastric emptying (0.877) between the two groups. Hospital length of stay was increased after PG (23.6 ± 3.5 days versus 16.5 ± 1.9 days, P = 0.071). There was no significant difference in incidence of long-term exocrine (3.8 versus 19.2%, P = 0.134) and endocrine (7.7 versus 9.4%, P = 0.575) pancreatic insufficiencies. CONCLUSION: PG was associated with a significantly higher POPF incidence and severity in CP. We recommend performing PJ especially in older patients to improve CP outcomes