Ortleppascaris

Ortleppascaris sp. (Larvae) (Figs. 4–5) Description Based on 13 specimens. Body 8.06 ± 0.75 mm (7.05–9.30) long and 184.68 ± 17.44 (140.3–210) wide, with cuticle almost smooth. Lateral cuticular alae well developed, extending from the level of nerve ring to level of rectum. Cephalic end rounded, bearing small ventral larval tooth. Esophagus narrow, 796.5 ± 131.41 (537.5– 975) long and 43.32 ± 7.04 (30–50) wide. Nerve ring encircling esophagus 216.03 ± 15.72 (186.5–246) from anterior extremity. Excretory pore just posterior to nerve ring 237.06 ± 32.52 (192–294). Anterior intestinal caecum narrow, exceeding half of esophagus length; length of caecum 521.38 ± 98.21 (350–725), its width 34.72 ± 5.44 (25–41.4). Tail conical, 108.68 ± 9.20 (96.6–126.5) long, sharply pointed. Remarks In South America these larvae have been reported previously in the liver of Leptodactylus bufonius (Leptodactylidae) from Corrientes, Argentina, by González and Hamann (2006 a). Adult nematodes of Ortleppascaris parasitize the intestinal tract of crocodiles; in South America being reported in the Paraguayan caiman, Caiman yacare (Alligatoridae) (Goldberg et al. 1991), in Caiman sclerops and Crocodylus intermedius from Venezuela and, in Caiman crocodilus (Crocodylidae) from Brazil (Campana­Rouget 1960; Sprent 1978). The specimens described by these authors differ from those described in the present study in that they are of greater size (total length: 5–12 mm; width: 144–234; length of esophagus: 480–1150 and nerve ring to anterior extremity: 210–282).Published as part of González, Cynthya Elizabeth & Hamann, Monika Inés, 2007, Nematode parasites of two species of Chaunus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Corrientes, Argentina, pp. 27-34 in Zootaxa 1393 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17528

Cosmocerca podicipinus Baker & Vaucher 1984

Cosmocerca podicipinus Baker & Vaucher, 1984 (Fig. 1) This species is readily distinguished from other species by the fusion of the underlying sclerotized plectane supports between the plectanes (Baker & Vaucher 1984). The metric characters of males and females are presented and compared with material reported from other hosts in Table 2. Remarks The genus Cosmocerca is widely distributed in amphibians and reptiles in South American (Baker 1987), with nine species of Cosmocerca occurring in the region; C. brasiliensis Travassos, 1925; C. chilensis Lent and Freitas, 1948; C. cruzi Rodrigues and Fabio, 1970; C. paraguayensis Moravec and Kaiser, 1994; C. parva Travassos, 1925; C. podicipinus Baker and Vaucher, 1984; C. rara Freitas and Vicente, 1966; C. travassosi Rodrigues and Fabio, 1970; and C. uruguayensis Lent and Freitas, 1948 (Bursey & Goldberg 2004; 2005). Baker and González and Present study Present study Vaucher Hamann (2004) † C. fernandezae C. bergi (1984)* Total length M 1.88–3.17mm 1.72–3.22mm 3.15–3.82mm 2.03–3.87mm F 2.86–7.33mm 3.3 –6.0mm 2.35–4.29mm 2.4–6.97mm Width M – 120–225 184–241 160–300 F – 150–240 210–285 222–340 Pharynx M – 21–39 x 16–21 23 –32 x 21–23 20 – 27 x 18–25 F – 23–48 x 21–28 30 –50 x 32 –50 32–46 x 32 –53 Muscular esophagus M – 189–230 x 18–30 195–241 x 23–32 170–275 x 19–30 F – 219–271 x 25–35 282–400 x 34 –49 258–324 x 34 –48 Bulb M – 37–60 x 46 –57 55–69 x 48 –67 50–80 x 45 –78 F – 48–81 x 58 –78 71–110 x 90 –138 69–103 x 89 –108 Nerve ring from anterior end M 168–250 172–184 No obs. 110–230 F 176–247 240–260 162–300 180–240 Excretory pore from anterior end M 258–376 235–330 184–324 130–425 * from: Leptodactylus podicipinus, L. fuscus, L. elenae, L. chaquensis. † from: Pseudopaludicola falcipes. Cosmocerca podicipinus was originally described from Leptodactylus podicipinus of Capitan Bado, Amambay province, Paraguay. It has also been reported in Leptodactylus fuscus, L. elenae and L. chaquensis (Leptodactylidae) from Paraguay (Baker & Vaucher 1984); Atelopus spurrelli (Bufonidae) and Dendrobates histrionicus (Dendrobatidae) from Colombia (Goldberg & Bursey 2003); Bufo typhonius (Bufonidae), Colostethus marchesianus, Epipedobates femoralis (Dendrobatidae), Eleutherodactylus imitatrix and Leptodactylus leptodactyloides (Leptodactylidae) from Peru (Bursey et al. 2001), and Pseudopaludicola falcipes, Leptodactylus bufonius, L. chaquensis (Leptodactylidae) and Chaunus granulosus major (Bufonidae) from Corrientes, Argentina (González & Hamann 2004; 2006 a; 2006 b; Hamann et al. 2006). The general morphology of the present specimens corresponds to the original description, although the body size of male specimens are greater than those from other hosts in the same region (Table 2); female worms, however, are shorter in length than those of Baker and Vaucher (1984). Egg length falls within the range described by Baker and Vaucher (1984) and González and Hamann (2004), while the length of spicules in C. fernandezae and C. bergi is less than that studied by Baker and Vaucher (1984) and by González and Hamann (2004). We considered these differences intraspecific variations. Cosmocerca parva Travassos, 1925 (Figs. 2–3) This species is distinguished from the Cosmocerca podicipinus by the morphology of the plectanes; in C. podicipinus the plectanes on each side of body are fused by underlying sclerotized supports, whereas in C. parva union between the plectanas of each row does not exist. Morphometric characteristics of male and female C. parva are presented in Table 3 and compared with data from other hosts. * from Hyla fuscovaria, Bufo paracnemis, Leptodactylus chaquensis, L. elenae. † from Bufo granulosus major £ from Elosia nasus ‡ from Chaunus granulosus major Remarks In South America, Cosmocerca parva was found in Leptodactylus mystaceus, L. caliginosus, L. fuscus, L. ocellatus, Adenomera marmorata, Physalaemus signiferus, P. soaresi and Elosia nasus (Leptodactylidae) and Olylogon fuscovaria (Hylidae) from Brazil (Travassos, 1925; 1931; Silva 1954; Fabio 1982); in Leptodactylus sp., L. chaquensis, L. elenae (Leptodactylidae) and Olylogon fuscovaria (Hylidae) from Paraguay (Masi Pallares & Maciel 1974; Baker & Vaucher 1984), in Bufo glaberrimus, B. marinus and B. typhonius (Bufonidae), in Epipedobates pictus (Dendrobatidae), in Hyla fasciata, Phyllomedusa atelopoides, Scarthyla ostinodactyla, Scinax garbei and S. ictericus (Hylidae), in Edalorhina perezi, Eleutherodactylus fenestratus, E. peruvianus, E. toftae, Leptodactylus leptodactyloides and L. mystaceus (Leptodactylidae) and in Elachistocleis ovalis and Hamptophryne boliviana (Microhylidae) from Peru (Bursey et al. 2001). In Argentina it was found in Chaunus granulosus major (Bufonidae) and in Leptodactylus bufonius and L. chaquensis (Leptodactylidae) (Mordeglia & Digiani 1998; González & Hamann 2006 a; 2006 b; Hamann et al. 2006). Our measurements of this nematode agree with data collected in other hosts in the same region. Although male C. parva may possess 5–7 pairs of plectanes (Baker & Vaucher 1984), in all the males we examined only 5 pairs of plectanas were present (Table 3). The number of pairs of adanal papillae varies from 2–4 pairs in C. fernandezae but 3 pairs were consistently present in C. bergi we examined. Additionally in C. bergi we did not observe an unpaired papilla on the anterior lip of the anus, as reported by Mordeglia and Digiani (1998). We consider the differences reported here as intraspecific variation.Published as part of González, Cynthya Elizabeth & Hamann, Monika Inés, 2007, Nematode parasites of two species of Chaunus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Corrientes, Argentina, pp. 27-34 in Zootaxa 1393 on pages 28-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17528

First report of Nematode parasites of physalaemus Albonotatus (Steindachner, 1984) (Anura: Leiuperidae) from Corrientes, Argentina.

Thirty-four adults of Physalaemus albonotatus (20 males and 14 females) were collected near the city of Corrientes, Province of Corrientes, Argentina (27°28'S - 58°50'W) between January 2001 and September 2004. Adults of four nematode species, Strongyloides sp., Oswaldocruzia sp., Cosmocerca podicipinus, Cosmocerca parva and larvae of two other species, Spiroxys sp. and Physaloptera sp. were recovered from the digestive tract, lungs and gastric mucosa. We present morphologic characters (some with scanning electron microscopy), morphometric information and range extensions for these nematode species. This is the first report of nematode parasites of P. albonotatus from Argentina.Treinta y cuatro adultos de Physalaemus albonotatus (20 machos y 14 hembras) fueron colectados en las proximidades de la ciudad de Corrientes, provincia de Corrientes, Argentina (27°28'S - 58°50'W) entre enero del 2001 y septiembre del 2004 para el estudio de su fauna nematológica. Un total de cuatro especies de nemátodos en estado adulto Strongyloides sp., Oswaldocruzia sp., Cosmocerca podicipinus, Cosmocerca parva y dos especies en estado larval, Spiroxys sp. y Physaloptera sp., fueron halladas en el tracto digestivo, pulmón y mucosa gástrica. En este estudio se presentan datos métricos y morfológicos de las especies halladas (algunos de ellos observados con microscopio electrónico de barrido). Éste es el primer reporte de nemátodos parásitos para P. albonotatus en Argentina

Physaloptera

Physaloptera sp. (Larvae) (Figs. 6 – 7) Description Based on 1 specimen. Larval body whitish, 4.17 mm long and 200 wide, with transversely annulated cuticle. Terminus of head with two lateral lips and cephalic collar formed by inflated cuticle. On either lip a sclerotized support and one terminal tooth present at upper margin. Each lip bearing two cephalic papillae and one amphid. Muscular esophagus 200 long by 30 wide; length of glandular esophagus 1.3 mm by 88 wide. Nerve ring encircling muscular esophagus at its posterior half, 162 from anterior extremity. Excretory pore near anterior end of glandular esophagus, 212 from anterior end of body. Tail conical, 142 long. Remarks The larvae of Physaloptera sp. occur mainly in the stomach of reptiles, birds, mammals and, rarely, amphibians and fish (Anderson 2000). This genus has been noted in the following South American amphibians: Hyla faber (Hylidae), Bufo marinus (Bufonidae), Adenomera marmorata, Leptodactylus caliginosus, L. mystaceus, Physalaemus signiferus, P. soaresi and Proceratophrys appendiculata (Leptodactylidae), from Brazil (Boquimpani­Freitas et al. 2001; Vicente et al. 1990), Bufo marinus and B. typhonius (Bufonidae), Colostethus marchesianus (Dendrobatidae), Hyla boans, H. fasciata, H. granosa, H. leali, H. leucophyllata, H. marmorata, Osteocephalus taurinus, Phrynohyas coriacea, P. venulosa, Phyllomedusa tomopterna, Scinax icterica and S. ruba (Hylidae), Edalorhina perezi, Eleutherodactylus cruralis, E. fenestratus, Leptodactylus bolivianus, L. leptodactyloides, L. mystaceus, L. pentadactylus, L. rhodonotus and L. lineatus (Leptodactylidae), Ctenophryne geayi and Hamptophryne boliviana (Microhylidae) and Pseudis paradoxa (Pseudidae) from Peru (Bursey et al. 2001). In Argentina, they have been reported by González and Hamann (2006 a; 2006 b) from Leptodactylus bufonius (Leptodactylidae) and Chaunus granulosus major (Bufonidae).Published as part of González, Cynthya Elizabeth & Hamann, Monika Inés, 2007, Nematode parasites of two species of Chaunus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Corrientes, Argentina, pp. 27-34 in Zootaxa 1393 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17528

Cosmocerca Diesing 1861

Genus Cosmocerca Diesing, 1861 Nematodes with conspicuous sexual dimorphism; body cuticle provided with transverse striations. Lateral alae present. Mouth with 3 small v­shaped lips, dorsal lip with 2 sessile papillae, each ventrolateral lip with 1 ventral sessile papilla. Esophagus with short pharynx, cylindrical corpus, and posterior bulb containing valves. Somatic papillae numerous, in two ventral, two subventral, two dorsal and two subdorsal rows, extending from cervical region to posterior end.Published as part of González, Cynthya Elizabeth & Hamann, Monika Inés, 2007, Nematode parasites of two species of Chaunus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Corrientes, Argentina, pp. 27-34 in Zootaxa 1393 on page 28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17528

Nematode parasites of two anuran species Rhinella schneideri (Bufonidae) and Scinax acuminatus (Hylidae) from Corrientes, Argentina

The nematological fauna of most anuran species from Corrientes province, north of Argentina; has not been studied. We report for the first time the nematode species found in Rhinella schneideri and Scinax acuminatus. Forty four amphibians representing two species (R. schneideri -six males, three females and two juveniles- and S. acuminatus -fifteen males and eighteen females) were collected near the city of Corrientes, between January 2002 and December 2003 and searched for nematodes. R. schneideri contained eight species of nematodes (adults: Rhabdias füelleborni, R. elegans, Oswaldocruzia proencai, Cosmocerca podicipinus, C. parva and Falcaustra mascula; larvae: Porrocaecum sp. and Physaloptera sp.), and S. acuminatus contained three (adults: Cosmocerca parva and Oxyascaris caudacutus; larvae: Physaloptera sp.). We present morphology (scanning electron microscope) and metric information, range extensions, and new host records for these nematode species