Fettsäuremuster der Eier von Hühnern, die mit Rapskuchen gefüttert wurden

Organic products like milk and beef are enriched with polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) due to higher intake of roughage than conventional livestock. There is little knowledge of whether eggs are enriched as well. 100%-diets have to be developed to fulfil con-sumer expectations, animal nutritional demands and improve product quality. In an experiment with organic rape cake (heat treated and non-treated) the laying hen TETRA was tested for egg quality and PUFA. It was found that eggs from hens which have been fed with rape cake had significantly higher PUFA than those fed with stan-dard organic feed stuff rations

Züchtung und Agronomie neuartiger, Vicin-armer Ackerbohnen und Einsatz als einheimisches Eiweißfutter

Der 1. Versuch des Projektes (FKZ: 2815EPS063), Projekt „Abo-Vici“, begann am 09.10.2018 und endete am 26.03.2019 in der Versuchsstation des Instituts für Tierschutz und Tierhaltung (FLI, Celle) mit Beginn der 22. Lebenswoche der 400 LB-Hennen. Der Versuch umfasste 5 Gruppen mit je 4 Abteilen und insgesamt 80 Hennen pro Gruppe. Der 2. Versuch des Projektes begann am 30.07.2019 und endete am 14.01.2020 mit Beginn der 22. Lebenswoche der 400 Lohmann Brown Hennen. Der Versuch umfasst 4 Gruppen mit je 5 Abteilen und insgesamt 100 Hennen pro Gruppe. Ab dem ersten Versuchstag erhielten die Hennen das Versuchsfutter ad libitum entsprechend der Einteilung in die Gruppe. Die Ergebnisse im Versuch 1 zeigten, dass bei einem teilweisen Austausch von Soja als Hauptproteinträger im Futter durch den Zusatz von 15% oder 30% Ackerbohnen, die Vicin/Convicin - reich sind, insbesondere die tägliche Futteraufnahme der Hennen reduziert wurde. Die geringere Nährstoffaufnahme reduzierte die Anzahl an gelegten Eiern und verringerte das Eigewicht. Ein teilweiser Austausch von Soja gegen die neue Vicin/Convicin-arme Winterackerbohne dagegen hatte keinen negativen Einfluss auf die Futteraufnahme der Hennen sowie die Legeleistung, das Eigewicht, die Futterverwertung und die Bruchfestigkeit der Eier. Die Ergebnisse im Versuch 2 zeigten, dass die schrittweise Erhöhung des Anteils an der Vicin/Convicin-armen Winterackerbohne im Hennenfutter von 0/15/30/37 %, keinen Einfluss auf die Legeleistung, das Eigewicht und die tägliche Eimasseproduktion bei den Hennen hatte und diese Versuchsgruppen sich nicht von der Kontrolle bei diesen Merkmalen unterschieden. Weiterhin zeigte sich, dass Sojafuttermittel als Proteinquelle durch das gvo-freie Hoch-Protein-Sonnenblumenextraktionsschrot (HP 46), welches durch eine druckthermische Behandlung und Fraktionierung der Rohfaser charakterisiert war, im Legehennenfutter ersetzt werden können

Leindotterpresskuchen in ökologischen Futterrationen: Stand der Forschung

Organic farming needs home-grown energy and protein sources in livestock feeding. Due to the concept of mixed cropping systems with oilseeds like false flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) the possible use of its oilcake as a component of feeding rations is attracting attention of farmers. False flax is an undesired substance in the European rules on feeding stuffs and the use of its oilcake in animal feeding is subject of diverse research projects. A review of the recentThe experiences shows that the use of oilcake of false flax in monogastric animals can negatively affect sensory meat quality and metabolism obvious in enlarged organs. In ruminant feeding those effects are not observed. Further research is needed to find out adopted feeding rations for different livestock. In dairy feeding additional experiments on the effect on milk fat contents should confirm existing results

Preconceptional factors associated with very low birthweight delivery in East and West Berlin: a case control study

BACKGROUND: Very low birthweight, i.e. a birthweight < 1500 g, is among the strongest determinants of infant mortality and childhood morbidity. To develop primary prevention approaches to VLBW birth and its sequelae, information is needed on the causes of preterm birth, their personal and social antecedents, and on conditions associated with very low birthweight. Despite the growing body of evidence linking sociodemographic variables with preterm delivery, little is known as to how this may be extrapolated to the risk of very low birthweight. METHODS: In 1992, two years after the German unification, we started to recruit two cohorts of very low birthweight infants and controls in East and West Berlin for a long-term neurodevelopmental study. The present analysis was undertaken to compare potential preconceptional risk factors for very low birthweight delivery in a case-control design including 166 mothers (82 East vs. 84 West Berlin) with very low birthweight delivery and 341 control mothers (166 East vs. 175 West). RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effects of various dichotomous parental covariates and their interaction with living in East or West Berlin. After backward variable selection, short maternal school education, maternal unemployment, single-room apartment, smoking, previous preterm delivery, and fetal loss emerged as significant main effect variables, together with living in West Berlin as positive effect modificator for single-mother status. CONCLUSION: Very low birthweight has been differentially associated with obstetrical history and indicators of maternal socioeconomic status in East and West Berlin. The ranking of these risk factors is under the influence of the political framework

Safety and efficacy of Monteban&#174; G100 (narasin) for chickens for fattening

The feed additive Monteban\uae G100, containing the active substance narasin, an ionophore anticoccidial, is intended to control coccidiosis in chickens for fattening at a dose of 60\u201370 mg/kg complete feed. Narasin is produced by fermentation. Limited data on the taxonomic identification of the production strain did not allow the proper identification of strain NRRL 8092 as Streptomyces aureofaciens. The FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the absence of genetic determinants for antimicrobial resistance in Streptomyces spp. under assessment. Based on the available data set, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of Monteban\uae G100 for chickens for fattening. The simultaneous use of Monteban\uae G100 and certain antibiotic drugs (e.g. tiamulin) is contraindicated. Narasin is not genotoxic. No indication of carcinogenicity or developmental toxicity was found at the doses tested in the mouse, rat and rabbit. The lowest no observed effect level (NOEL) identified in the oral toxicity studies was 0.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for the neuropathy seen in a one-year dog study. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) derived from this NOEL is 0.005 mg narasin/kg bw applying a uncertainty factor of 100. Monteban\uae G100 is safe for the consumer. Maximum residue limits (MRLs) of 50 lg narasin/kg for all wet tissues ensure consumer safety. Monteban\uae G100 is irritatant to the eyes but not to the skin. It has the potential to induce skin sensitisation. Inhalation exposure would pose a risk to persons handling the additive. Narasin, when used as a feed additive for chickens for fattening at 70 mg/kg feed, is not expected to pose a risk to the environment. The risk for sediment compartment cannot be assessed. The FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the efficacy of Monteban\uae at the minimum applied dose of 60 mg narasin/kg complete feed for chickens for fattening

Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. Characterizing PASC requires analysis of prospectively and uniformly collected data from diverse uninfected and infected individuals. OBJECTIVE: To develop a definition of PASC using self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective observational cohort study of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at 85 enrolling sites (hospitals, health centers, community organizations) located in 33 states plus Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico. Participants who were enrolled in the RECOVER adult cohort before April 10, 2023, completed a symptom survey 6 months or more after acute symptom onset or test date. Selection included population-based, volunteer, and convenience sampling. EXPOSURE: SARS-CoV-2 infection. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: PASC and 44 participant-reported symptoms (with severity thresholds). RESULTS: A total of 9764 participants (89% SARS-CoV-2 infected; 71% female; 16% Hispanic/Latino; 15% non-Hispanic Black; median age, 47 years [IQR, 35-60]) met selection criteria. Adjusted odds ratios were 1.5 or greater (infected vs uninfected participants) for 37 symptoms. Symptoms contributing to PASC score included postexertional malaise, fatigue, brain fog, dizziness, gastrointestinal symptoms, palpitations, changes in sexual desire or capacity, loss of or change in smell or taste, thirst, chronic cough, chest pain, and abnormal movements. Among 2231 participants first infected on or after December 1, 2021, and enrolled within 30 days of infection, 224 (10% [95% CI, 8.8%-11%]) were PASC positive at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: A definition of PASC was developed based on symptoms in a prospective cohort study. As a first step to providing a framework for other investigations, iterative refinement that further incorporates other clinical features is needed to support actionable definitions of PASC

Arbeitsmedizinische Untersuchungen an Dunkelraumarbeitern

DB Leipzig(101) - Di 1982 B VD 9 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Trajectory of sleep disturbances in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery: A prospective study

OBJECTIVES Patients with lung cancer report sleep difficulties to be frequent and bothersome symptoms. This study describes the trajectory of sleep from before and up to 12 months after surgery for lung cancer. Further, it investigates possible associations between sleep disturbance, demographic and clinical characteristics before surgery. METHODS This study is part of a longitudinal multicentre study. Sleep disturbance was measured by The General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS) that investigates frequencies of sleep difficulties (21 items) and a total sum score ≥43 indicates a clinically meaningful level of sleep disturbance (score range 0–147). Linear mixed models were used to study changes in sleep from baseline to 1, 5, 9 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS The percentage of patients (n = 264) reporting sleep disturbances was 60.9% at baseline, 68.5% at Month 1, 55.4% at Month 5, 51.3% at Month 9 and 49.7% at Month 12. The increase to and decrease from Month 1 was the only significant alteration in the occurrence of sleep disturbance. The patients reported most problems within the subscales sleep quantity, early awakenings and sleep quality. Factors associated with sleep disturbance were lower age, use of pain medication and psychotropic medication and higher comorbidity score. CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer patients sleep poorly, before as well as after surgery. There is a need to address sleeping disturbance routinely in clinical practice and screening for sleeping problems is indicated. Further studies are warranted concerning factors that contribute to sleep disturbance and how they best can be treated