Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Web3-based role and token data access: the case of building material passports

Long-term access to lifecycle data is key to a successful transition towards a circular built environment. However, the underlying technology often remains centralized and risks becoming inaccessible over time. In this paper, we investigate whether decentralized access methods using Web3, i.e. blockchain and decentralized data storage protocols, can help to mitigate this limitation. We implement Web3 data access mechanisms for a material passport with both a role-based and a token-based smart contract. Initial results suggest that Web3 offers a promising approach to data access over the lifecycle of a built asset-but only with careful design choices.Integral Design & ManagementDesign & Construction Managemen

Sensible heat transfer in the Gemini and Apollo pressure suits /

The results of an experimental program to determine sensible heat transfer effects in the Gemini and Apollo pressure suits are reported. A copper manikin maintained at a constant surface temperature was used and the overall average body surface heat flux and the regional heat flux distribution were measured. The environmental variables studied were ventilating air flowrate, velocity of the air moving over and around the outside surface of the suit, and prevailing pressure. In addition, the following determinations were made: the heat transfer coefficient between the manikin surface and the ventilating air, the overall thermal conductance between the ventilating air and the air moving over the outside surface of the suit, the thermal emissivity of the Gemini suit, and the convection coefficient between the outside surface of the Gemini suit and the air moving over the outside of the suit. These data may be used for heat balances, determination of temperatures, and evaluation of the insulation value of the suit and outside air. The insulation value for the air ambient to the Gemini suit was found to follow a relationship different from the empirical equation for a nude manikin. (Author)."Joint NASA/USAF Study.""December 1966."Includes bibliographic references (pages 76-78).The results of an experimental program to determine sensible heat transfer effects in the Gemini and Apollo pressure suits are reported. A copper manikin maintained at a constant surface temperature was used and the overall average body surface heat flux and the regional heat flux distribution were measured. The environmental variables studied were ventilating air flowrate, velocity of the air moving over and around the outside surface of the suit, and prevailing pressure. In addition, the following determinations were made: the heat transfer coefficient between the manikin surface and the ventilating air, the overall thermal conductance between the ventilating air and the air moving over the outside surface of the suit, the thermal emissivity of the Gemini suit, and the convection coefficient between the outside surface of the Gemini suit and the air moving over the outside of the suit. These data may be used for heat balances, determination of temperatures, and evaluation of the insulation value of the suit and outside air. The insulation value for the air ambient to the Gemini suit was found to follow a relationship different from the empirical equation for a nude manikin. (Author).Research supported by the Aerospace Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force; report prepared in part by University of Kentucky under contract no.Mode of access: Internet

A most painful knee does not induce interlimb differences in knee and hip moments during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Background: Patients with knee osteoarthritis can adapt their gait to unload the most painful knee joint in order to try to reduce pain and improve physical function. However, these gait adaptations can cause higher loads on the contralateral joints. The aim of the study was to investigate the interlimb differences in knee and hip frontal plane moments during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis and in healthy controls. Methods: Forty patients with knee osteoarthritis and 19 healthy matched controls were measured during comfortable treadmill walking. Frontal plane joint moments were obtained of both hip and knee joints. Differences in interlimb moments within each group were assessed using statistical parametric mapping and discrete gait parameters. Findings: No interlimb differences were observed in patients with knee osteoarthritis and control subjects at group level. Furthermore, the patients presented similar interlimb variability as the controls. In a small subgroup (n = 12) of patients, the moments in the most painful knee were lower than in the contralateral knee, while the other patients (n = 28) showed higher moments in the most painful knee compared to the contralateral knee. However, no interlimb differences in the hip moments were observed within the subgroups. Interpretation: Patients with knee osteoarthritis do not have interlimb differences in knee and hip joint moments. Patients and healthy subjects demonstrate a similar interlimb variability in the moments of the lower extremities. In this context, differences in knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis did not induce any interlimb differences in the frontal plane knee and hip moments.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Biomechatronics & Human-Machine Contro

The associations of knee extensor muscle steadiness with maximal voluntary torque and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Background: Muscle weakness is characteristic of knee osteoarthritis. Muscle steadiness may be an important adjunct to knee muscle strength in improving physical function in knee osteoarthritis. However, the role of muscle steadiness is uncertain. Aims: To determine the associations of knee extensor muscle steadiness with maximal voluntary torque and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Baseline data from 177 patients in a randomized clinical trial were used. Isokinetic knee extension torque was processed into maximal voluntary torque [Nm]. Muscle steadiness was expressed as the coefficient of variance [%] and as peak power frequency [Hz]. Physical function was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the Get-Up-and-Go and Stair-climb tests. Associations were determined using regression analyses and adjusted for confounders. Findings: Lower muscle steadiness (i.e., higher coefficient of variance and peak power frequency) was associated with lower maximal voluntary torque (B = − 7.38, [−10.8, −3.95], R2 = 0.10 and B = −14.71, [−28.29, −1.13], R2 = 0.03, respectively). Higher coefficient of variance was associated with lower self-reported physical function (B = 1.14, [0.11,2.17], R2 = 0.03) and remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Peak power frequency was not associated with physical function. Interpretation: Low muscle steadiness was weakly associated with low muscle strength and poorer self-reported physical function. Muscle steadiness and muscle strength seem to be different attributes of muscle function. There is no convincing evidence that muscle steadiness is an important adjunct in studying physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Biomechatronics & Human-Machine Contro

Physiological index of strain and body heat storage in hyperthermia /

"Task No. 71830.""Project No. 7164.""January 1961."Includes bibliographical references (page 13).Mode of access: Internet

Survival and safety of exemestane versus tamoxifen after 2-3 years' tamoxifen treatment (Intergroup Exemestane Study): a randomised controlled trial

Background Early improvements in disease-free survival have been noted when an aromatase inhibitor is given either instead of or sequentially after tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with oestrogen-receptor-positive early breast cancer. However, little information exists on the long-term effects of aromatase inhibitors after treatment, and whether these early improvements lead to real gains in survival. Methods 4724 postmenopausal patients with unilateral invasive, oestrogen-receptor-positive or oestrogen-receptor-unknown breast cancer who were disease-free on 2-3 years of tamoxifen, were randomly assigned to switch to exemestane (n=2352) or to continue tamoxifen (n=2372) for the remainder of a 5-year endocrine treatment period. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival; overall survival was a secondary endpoint. Efficacy analyses were intention-to-treat. This study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN11883920. Results After a median follow-up of 55.7 months (range 0-89.7), 809 events contributing to the analysis of disease-free survival had been reported (354 exemestane, 455 tamoxifen); unadjusted hazard ratio 0.76 (95% CI 0.66-0.88, p=0.0001) in favour of exemestane, absolute benefit 3.3% (95% CI 1.6-4.9) by end of treatment (ie, 2.5 years after randomisation). 222 deaths occurred in the exemestane group compared with 261 deaths in the tamoxifen group; unadjusted hazard ratio 0.85 (95% CI 0.71-1.02, p=0.08), 0.83 (0.69-1.00, p=0.05) when 122 patients with oestrogen-receptor-negative disease were excluded. Conclusions Our results suggest that early improvements in disease-free survival noted in patients who switch to exemestane after 2-3 years on tamoxifen persist after treatment, and translate into a modest improvement in overall survival