Coverage and Rate Analysis for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Stations with LoS/NLoS Propagation

The use of unmanned aerial vehicle base stations (UAV-BSs) as airborne base stations has recently gained great attention. In this paper, we model a network of UAV-BSs as a Poisson point process (PPP) operating at a certain altitude above the ground users. We adopt an air-to-ground (A2G) channel model that incorporates line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) propagation. Thus, UAV-BSs can be decomposed into two independent inhomogeneous PPPs. Under the assumption that NLoS and LoS channels experience Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading, respectively, we derive approximations for the coverage probability and average achievable rate, and show that these approximations match the simulations with negligible errors. Numerical simulations have shown that the coverage probability and average achievable rate decrease as the height of the UAV-BSs increases

Development of a computer software for the monitoring of subsidence

A computer software has been developed at the Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Engineering, UTM for the purpose of detecting subsidence of ground surface or manmade structure by using Visual Basic 6.0 and FORTRAN computer languages. This software can be used for processing data from GPS and precise levelling methods. The software requires GPS baseline vectors (∆X, ∆Y, ∆Z). Relative ellipsoidal heights based on the WGS84 ellipsoidal surface must be derived from these baseline vectors. The derived relative ellipsoidal heights are then adjusted using least square estimation method. The adjusted heights will be used for further subsidence analysis. Stransformation is used to transform results from least square estimation using minimum constraints to a selected datum. This paper examines the method of subsidence using the iterative weighted transformation. In this method, the stability of reference points must be checked through a single point test. Stable points will then be adjusted again together with object points. Lastly, the stability of object points will be determined. User of this software requires little knowledge on deformation monitoring processing, as the user needs to follow the procedure of inputting data required by the software. The output from the software will give the stability of the all control points whether they have moved or otherwise

Kebolehacuanan suntikan logam mikro SS 316L menggunakan bahan pengikat PEG dan PMMA Mohd

Pengacuanan suntikan logam mikro atau lebih dikenali µMIM merupakan satu proses yang berkesinambungan daripada proses penyuntikan logam. Proses ini menggunakan serbuk logam bersaiz mikro dan mampu menghasilkan produk mikro yang kompleks pada kuantiti yang banyak serta yang memerlukan kepersisan permukaan yang tinggi dan jitu. Penggunaan saiz serbuk logam mikro akan meningkatkan nilai kelikatan bahan suapan yang mana ia merupakan cabaran utama di dalam proses µMIM yang akhirnya akan menyukarkan proses penyuntikan. Selain itu, ia juga akan meningkatkan peratusan kadar pengecutan dan kandungan oksigen jasad sinter. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimumkan parameter setiap proses berdasarkan kepada teknik Rekabentuk Eksperimen agar dapat menghasilkan jasad sinter yang berketumpatan tinggi dan kuat, rendah kandungan oksigen, kurang kecacatan serta kadar pengecutan yang minima. Bahan pengikat yang terdiri daripada 73vol% Polietilena Glikol (PEG), 25vol% Polimetil Metakrilate (PMMA) dan 2vol% Asid Stearik di campur dengan SS 316L bersaiz mikro bagi menghasilkan bahan suapan yang homogen dan sekata. Analisis kebolehaliran bahan suapan dikaji melalui sifat reologinya pada suhu 130- 150°C iaitu suhu peleburan yang dicatatkan melalui ujian DSC. Pembebanan serbuk pada 61.5% menunjukkan pembebanan yang paling optimum kerana ia menyumbang kepada sifat pseudoplastik, kelikatan dan indeks tingkahlaku aliran yang sekata, nilai tenaga pengaktifan yang rendah serta indeks kebolehacuan yang tinggi seperti mana yang diperlukan di dalam µMIM. Analisis varian (ANOVA) dilakukan di dalam setiap proses penyuntikan, penyahikatan larutan, penyahikatan terma dan pensinteran bagi mengenal pasti parameter yang paling signifikan dan sumbangannya terhadap ciri kualiti yang dikaji iaitu ketumpatan dan kekuatan lentur dengan hanya parameter kajian melepasi aras keyakinan 90% sahaja yang diambil kira. Melalui ujian ANOVA di dalam penyuntikan, 3 interaksi menunjukkan kesignifikan iaitu tekanan penyuntikan, suhu penyuntikan dan suhu acuan manakala masa penyuntikan dan masa pegangan dikekalkan sebagai parameter tunggal. Interaksi antara suhu penyuntikan dan suhu acuan merupakan penyumbang terbesar di dalam kedua-dua kaedah tersebut. Penyingkiran bahan pengikat sekunder iaitu PEG dilakukan melalui proses penyahikatan larutan pada suhu 55-65°C dengan masa rendaman antara 2-6 jam. ANOVA menunjukkan hanya 4 parameter yang signifikan di dalam proses ini iaitu masa penyahikatan, suhu penyahikatan, masa penyuntikan dan tekanan penyuntikan manakala tiada interaksi yang signifikan direkodkan di dalam proses ini. Analisis pengoptimuman menggunakan kaedah Grey-Taguchi menunjukkan masa penyahikatan adalah penyumbang terbesar diikuti oleh suhu penyahikatan iaitu sekitar 39%. Disebabkan oleh pengendalian yang amat teliti diperlukan di dalam komponen mikro, 2 proses seterusnya telah digabungkan iaitu penyahikatan terma dan pensinteran dengan menggunakan relau vakum bagi mengelakkan sebarang pengoksidaan berlaku. Bagi kedua-dua proses ini, 6 parameter dikenalpasti signifikan iaitu suhu pensinteran, masa pensinteran, kadar pensinteran, suhu penyahikatan, masa penyahikatan dan kadar penyahikatan dengan 3 interaksi diambilkira pada tatacara ortogonal L27(313). Melalui kaedah pengoptimuman Grey-Taguchi ini, kekuatan dan ketumpatan jasad sinter berjaya ditingkatkan sehingga 96.79% daripada ketumpatan piknometer. Di samping itu juga, proses pengoptimuman ini juga berjaya meminimakan kadar pengecutan jasad sinter sehingga 11.75% berbanding kajian oleh penyelidik terdahulu yang mana ia berada diantara 16-20%. Kandungan oksigen juga dapat diminimakan sekitar 2300 ppm iaitu di dalam julat yang dibenarkan oleh piawaian ASTM E101

The administrator, teachers and parents involvement in preschool during Movement Control Order

The Covid-19 pandemic is affecting the whole education system including the preschoolers in Malaysia in receiving a proper teaching and learning lesson especially in the classroom. Movement Control Order (MCO) implemented by the government has restricted the act for each person in the daily life. However, the action and role that has been played by the preschool administrators, teachers and parents in ensuring the smoothness of the teaching and learning process of the preschoolers should be recognized. This study focuses on the responses and roles that have been conducted and given by the preschool management and teacher as well as parents in assisting their preschoolers children during the MCO period. This study also determined the reaction played by the preschoolers in adapting the new norm act according to the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) given by the government. A qualitative research design by using observation and interview based on the responses given by ten randomly chosen among preschool parents, teachers and administrators in a government preschool in Johor, Malaysia were used in this study. Phenomenology research was conducted to investigate the experience that has been gone through by the informants of the study during the MCO period. Narrative writing analysis were used to explain the outcome. This study indicated that the preschool administrators and teachers were able to collaborate and conduct an excellent code of practice according to the SOPs given by the government. Meanwhile, parents were able to establish a strong communication with the administrators and teachers by following the SOPs and assist the preschool management in ensuring their children are following the new norm acts according to the SOPs. A strong collaboration between all parties involved has shown a good example to the preschoolers during the pandemic MCO period

Workplace Counselling in Indonesia

Workplace counselling is aimed at providing support for the physical and mental welfare of employees. This effort will have impact on increasing productivitiy and work performance of employees so that as the end result the company will get a better profit. Good impressions for the company will also be gathered because workplace counselling can be seen as the manifestation of company responsibilities, legally and ethically. Employees will respect the company when employees are viewed as potential assests that need to be developed optimally. In practice, the concepts mentioned previously seem different. A survey conducted on 26 small-and-middle-size companies in Java, which handle various fields, found that most of the companies have not provided optimal efforts on workplace counselling. Some reasons identified were related to the time and cost effieciencies, and employees’ suspicion to the division in the company, which handles workplace counselling, will function as the company’s tool for making pressures on employees. The culture of Indonesian people and current situation in Indonesia, which coloured by ‘distrustful’ apparently influence this fenomena. Some companies, which have started to provide facilities for workplace counselling, mostly a middle-size company, have not been functioning the facilities due to the lack of publicity and popularity regarding workplace counselling. Suggestions made for the companies in regards to providing workplace counselling

Mural Painting and The Spirit of The Place Versus Graffiti and Street Art

Since 1978, Cité Création has created worldwide more than 650 mural paintings, frescoes, decorations, stage sets in public and private spaces for inhabitants, visitors and tourists. These monumental creations display cultural, social and economic identities. Their aim is to reveal, mark and embellish places, districts, urban spaces and the sites of industrial and service companies regionally, nationally and internationally. Author explains both the role of murals and the difference between them and graffiti, as well as street art

The Impact of Routing Option on Tangerang Bus Lane Corridor

The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of re-routing bus lane corridor on some performance indicators. The Tangerang Bus Lane is taken as a case study. The discussion is focused on comparison of service planning performance indicators such ridership, passenger-km, and bus-km. A primary survey on bus operational characteristics and user attitude is conducted. Prior to the analysis, some basic formula is derivedand modified and, then, performance indicators for both route option are estimated. The analysis is conducted by comparing the estimated indicators. The result shows that the alternative route gives better performance and yields to a need of re-evaluating the originally proposed route