Anatomija i mjerne vrijednosti Rosenmüllerove jame i struktura orofarinksa pomoću cone beam kompjutorizirane tomografije

The objective of this study was to assess Rosenmüller fossa (RF) anatomy and neighboring structures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1000 patients were analyzed using CBCT. The reference points were based on the spina nasalis posterior (Snp) and basion. The length between RF and neighboring structures were measured.The mean distance from Snp to the posterior pharyngeal wall was 17.7 mm. The mean distance from right to left torus levatorius was 25.69 mm. The mean depth of right RF was 5.54 mm while the mean depth of left RF was 5.26 mm. RF, also described as the lateral pharyngeal recess, is a source location of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development. Its location is on the lateral pharyngeal wall posterior to the cartilaginous part of the eustachian tube, the torus tubarius. The knowledge of RF is important to diagnose and perform treatment planning of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti anatomiju Rosenmüllerove jame (RJ) i okolnih struktura pomoću cone beam kompjutorizirane tomografije (CBCT). Ukupno je 1000 bolesnika analizirano ovom tehnikom. Referentne točke bile su spina nasalis posterior (Snp) i basion. Mjerena je duljina između RJ i okolnih struktura. Srednja udaljenost od Snp do stražnje faringealne stijenke bila je 17,7 mm. Srednja udaljenost od desnog do lijevog torusa levatoriusa bila je 25,69 mm. Srednja dubina desne i lijeve RJ bila je 5,54 mm odnosno 5,26 mm. RJ, poznata i kao lateralno udubljenje farinksa, izvorno je mjesto za razvoj nazofaringealnog karcinoma. Smještena je na lateralnoj stijenci farinksa iza hrskavičnog dijela eustahijeve cijevi, tj. torus tubarius. Poznavanje RJ važno je za dijagnosticiranje i planiranje liječenja nazofaringealnog karcinoma

Detaljna procjena "koronoidnih foramena" i pomoćnih foramena mandibule pomoću CBCT: jedinstvena anatomska varijacija

The aim of the study was to evaluate accessory foramina (AF) located on the medial aspect and to present a unique finding of ‘coronoid foramina’ (CF) along with AF on the mandible. The cone beam computed tomography images of the mandible in 979 patients were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of CF and AF. AF was found in 39 (3.98%) patients. AF located on the medial surface below and above mandibular foramen was found in 15.38% and 84.62% of patients, respectively. CF was confirmed in 20 (2.04%) patients. Mandibular AF is important for surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible and for mandibular nerve anesthesia. This study including CF will be useful for further studies due to the lack of literature on the issue.Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti pomoćne foramene (PF) smještene na medijalnom dijelu i prikazati jedinstven nalaz ‘koronoidnih foramena’ (KF) uz PF na mandibuli. Snimke mandibule u 979 pacijenata dobivene tehnikom CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) retrospektivno su procijenjene na prisutnost PF i KF. PF je nađen u 39 (3,98%) pacijenata. PF smješten na medijalnoj površini ispod i iznad mandibularnog foramena uvrđen je u 15,38% odnosno 84,62% pacijenata. KF je potvrđen u 20 (2,04%) pacijenata. Mandibularni PF je važan za kirurške zahvate u stražnjem dijelu mandibule, kao i za anesteziju mandibularnog živca. Zbog nedostatka literature o ovom pitanju, ovo istraživanje koje je obuhvatilo KF bit će korisno za buduće istraživanje u ovom području

Anatomija i mjerne vrijednosti Rosenmüllerove jame i struktura orofarinksa pomoću cone beam kompjutorizirane tomografije

The objective of this study was to assess Rosenmüller fossa (RF) anatomy and neighboring structures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1000 patients were analyzed using CBCT. The reference points were based on the spina nasalis posterior (Snp) and basion. The length between RF and neighboring structures were measured.The mean distance from Snp to the posterior pharyngeal wall was 17.7 mm. The mean distance from right to left torus levatorius was 25.69 mm. The mean depth of right RF was 5.54 mm while the mean depth of left RF was 5.26 mm. RF, also described as the lateral pharyngeal recess, is a source location of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development. Its location is on the lateral pharyngeal wall posterior to the cartilaginous part of the eustachian tube, the torus tubarius. The knowledge of RF is important to diagnose and perform treatment planning of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti anatomiju Rosenmüllerove jame (RJ) i okolnih struktura pomoću cone beam kompjutorizirane tomografije (CBCT). Ukupno je 1000 bolesnika analizirano ovom tehnikom. Referentne točke bile su spina nasalis posterior (Snp) i basion. Mjerena je duljina između RJ i okolnih struktura. Srednja udaljenost od Snp do stražnje faringealne stijenke bila je 17,7 mm. Srednja udaljenost od desnog do lijevog torusa levatoriusa bila je 25,69 mm. Srednja dubina desne i lijeve RJ bila je 5,54 mm odnosno 5,26 mm. RJ, poznata i kao lateralno udubljenje farinksa, izvorno je mjesto za razvoj nazofaringealnog karcinoma. Smještena je na lateralnoj stijenci farinksa iza hrskavičnog dijela eustahijeve cijevi, tj. torus tubarius. Poznavanje RJ važno je za dijagnosticiranje i planiranje liječenja nazofaringealnog karcinoma

A retrospective observational study of the frequency of distomolar teeth in a population of 14.250 patients

OBJECTIVESThe supernumerary teeth that occur distally to a molar tooth described as “distomolar” teeth. Supernumerary teeth were found more often in the maxilla than in the mandible. They may erupt normally or remain impacted and appear inverted. Distomolar teeth are generally seen smaller than second or third molars and most of them are impacted The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, location, and shape of distomolar teeth in a population of urban Turkish adults.MATERIAL AND METHODSA retrospective observational study was conducted on 14.250 patients’ panoramic images, with the documentation of demographic data, the presence of distomolar teeth, their number and morphology.RESULTSThe presence of distomolars in this population was found to be 0.32%. In total, 55 distomolar teeth were detected in 45 patients. All distomolars were found in maxilla and majority of them were impacted (n=51, 92.7% of the distomolars). 19 distomolars were found bilaterally in nine cases (0.06%). In one patient, two distomolars were detected in the maxilla in which one in left and the other in the right side.CONCLUSIONSDistomolars, which described as a supernumerary tooth distal to the third molar, are rare occurring dental anomalies. Because of that clinicians should make a careful investigation of panoramic radiographs

Relationship between pterygomaxillary fissure morphology and maxillary/mandibular position

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between maxillary and mandibular positioning via cephalometric analysis with pterygomaxillary fissure (PMF) morphology using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods In this study, CBCT images from 825 individuals (448 female, 377 male; age range was 18-91 years with this cohort) were analyzed; PMF length and width were measured. Three-dimensional cephalometric analysis was also performed using cephalometric analysis software. The landmarks and measurements in relation to maxillary and mandibular positions were identified and performed for the cephalometric analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison of the parameters, while the Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparisons. Pearson’s test was also used to assess the correlations between the parameters. Results The results showed that males had significantly larger PMF length (p< 0.001) and width (p< 0.001) compared to females. The mean PMF length was 17.7mm (standard deviation [SD] 3.2mm) for right and 17.7mm (SD 3.3mm) for left but were not significantly different (p> 0.05). In terms of the cephalometric measurements, a significant correlation was found between upper central incisor (U1toAperp2D) and posterior facial height (PostFaceHtSGo2D) and PMF length, while correlations were found between PMF width and several cephalometric parameters such as lower lip (LwLiptoEPln2D and LwLiptoHLine2D) and occlusal plane (OPtoFHAng2D) (p< 0.05). Conclusion A significant relationship was observed between PMF morphology and the position of the maxilla or mandible. PMF lengths and widths were larger in males than females. Posteroanterior maxillary and mandibular lengths and posterior facial height are associated with PMF length and width

A retrospective evaluation of condylar morphology using panoramic radiography in a sample of Turkish population

Background: The temporomandibular joint is one of the most complex anatomic structures. It takes a great role in masticatory system and helps to make possible some functions such as speaking, chewing and swallowing. Clinicians should have sufficient anatomical knowledge to assess relationships of the hard and soft tissues, including the mandibular condyle, glenoid fossa, articular eminence of the temporal bone, the articular disc and its attachments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of different types of mandibular condyles and its distribution according to the age and gender. It was also evaluated whether the condyle types were bilaterally symmetrical or not. Materials and methods: A total of 1315 digital panoramic images which obtained from the patients suffering from the dental problems were assessed. Demographic data, condylar morphology were noted. All obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Morphology of mandibular condyles were classified into four shapes as identified in other studies, namely: Type I - Oval shape, Type II - Diamond shape, Type III - Bird beak shape, Type IV - Crooked finger shape. Two independent examiners, who have 19 and 7 years of experience in oral and dentomaxillofacial radiology, made a consensus and evaluated all images. Results: A total of 1315 digital panoramic images were assessed. 767[58.3%] of the patients were female and 548[41.6%] were male. The age range of patients was from 18 to 84 years. Right-left condyle types were found to be symmetrical in the range of 67% of the subpopulation examined in the study. For the consensus, ‘oval’ condyle was common on both the right and left, while ‘crooked finger’ condyle was the rarest. Conclusions: The TMJ is the most important structure for all jaw functions such as speech, swallowing. In order for all these functions to continue in a healthy way, the anatomical structure should be known very well down to the finest detail. Identification of anatomical structures and their variations can play an important role in implant dentistry. Clinicians commonly prefer conventional radiologic methods to evaluate dentomaxillofacial region. Although the most of the variations are asymptomatic and require no treatment, correct identification of these findings will reduce unnecessary further diagnostic assessments and will provide more appropriate treatment plans

Evaluation of Relationship Between Mandibular Third Molars and Mandibular Canal: Comparison of Findings Obtained by Panoramic Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Statement of the problem: It is important for oral surgeons to determine the precise location of mandibular third molar before extraction. The close rela-tionship of mandibular canal and mandibular third molar is a risk factor for alveolar nerve damage. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between mandibular canal and the mandibular third molar which has already been seen in close relationship on panoramic radiograph (PR) by the compari-son of findings of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the PR. Materials & Methods: Close relationship between the mandibular third molar and mandibular canal was scanned in 180 patients by the PR. Images were also obtained by CBCT from patients among which a close-relationship was detected between mandibular canal and mandibular third molar. Results: Close relationship was detected between mandibular third mo-lar and mandibular canal on 26 of 180 PR and evaluated 46 mandibular third molars. In 41 cases, both the findings in PR and in CBCT images showed comp-liance with each other. As a result it was clearly seen that the mandibular third molars which were detected to be in close relationship on PR were mostly also in close relationship with mandibular canal on CBCT-images. Conclusions: If the close relationship is not seen on the panoramic ima-ges then there is no need to get CBCT for extracting the mandibular third mo-lars. By this way complication risks are eliminated with less radiation. However CBCT should be definitely used in cases which complete assessment cannot be made in no way due to artifacts such as superposition in PR

Cross-sectional evaluation of the periapical status as related to quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations in a rural adult male population of Turkey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To determine the prevalence of periapical lesions in root canal-treated teeth in a rural, male adult, Turkish population and to investigate the influence of the quality of root canal fillings on prevalence of periapical lesions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The sample for this cross-sectional study consisted of 552 adult male patients, 18-32 years of age, presenting consecutively as new patients seeking routine dental care at the Dental Sciences of Gulhane Military Medicine, Ankara. The radiographs of the 1014 root canal-treated teeth were evaluated. The teeth were grouped according to the radiographic quality of the root canal filling and the coronal restoration. The criteria used for the examination were slightly modified from those described by De Moor. Periapical status was assessed by the Periapical Index scores (PAI) proposed by Orstavik.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall success rate of root canal treatment was 32.1%. The success rates of adequately root canal treatment were significantly higher than inadequately root canal treatment, regardless of the quality or presence of the coronal restoration (P < .001). In addition, the success rate of inadequate root canal treatment was also significantly affected by the quality of coronal restorations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results revealed a high prevalence of periapical lesions in root canal treatment, which is comparable to that reported in other methodologically compatible studies from diverse geographical locations. In addition, the results from the present study confirm the findings of other studies that found the quality of the root canal treatment to be a key factor for prognosis with or without adequate coronal restoration.</p