The adoption of performance measures and management accounting system in enhancing managerial performance in Malaysian local government

In many organizations, different performance measures were employed to assess different aspects of managers’ performance. Some of the measures were yet to be developed, some developed but only in a very selective way, and some already presented but not adopted or only partly used. At the same time, management accounting systems might have the potential and capability of providing necessary information for planning, decision making and motivating managers’ performance. Hence, this study examined the effect of the adoption of performance measures and management accounting system in enhancing the managers’ performance in Malaysian local government. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 131 heads of departments in Malaysian local government. A structural equation modelling technique was utilised to examine the mediating effects of performance measures and management accounting system on the relationship between budgetary participation and managerial performance through a path analysis. The findings showed that the adoption of performance measures and management accounting system had strengthened the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance. The findings pointed to the practical relevance of the performance measures and management accounting system to the current management setting of government organizations

Influence of Training, Experience, and Expertise on Quality of Financial Reporting in Dubai – Mediation of Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards –IPSAS

This study aims to examine the influence of three factors that related to the individual work proficiency on the IPSAS adoption to improve the quality of financial reporting in the public sector of Dubai. The proposed conceptual framework has three independent variables; staff training, knowledge and experience, and availability of expertise; one mediating variable, IPSAS Adoption, to predict the quality of financial reporting. This study is deductive approach, and using quantitative methods. Population of the study is the accountants and internal auditors who are working in the periodic bookkeeping and financial statement reporting based on the IPSAS standards in any of the Dubai public organisations. The total possible respondents are 430 in all the 43 organisations. The target sample size is 203; however, final data size has 232 respondents. Data collection took place during June, July, and August 2022. The results revealed that the respondents’ opinion of all variables is positive agreement. Overall, two hypotheses are not accepted, related to the direct and indirect effect of knowledge and expertise on quality of financial reporting. The three variables have direct impact on the quality of financial reporting. Future studies can replicate the study in different contexts and can examine different dependent variables

Mitigating Poverty through Islamic Ideals of Administration in Nigeria: A Paradigm Shift

Reducing poverty has been plaguing the Nigerian state for time immemorial, and a quite number of policies and programs were conceived, designed and implemented to some certain degrees through the ages, however, the efforts are almost fruitless as the incidence of poverty has been rising defying all the efforts at mitigating its menace. Accordingly, this paper aims at exploring a paradigm shift in the course of addressing the scourge of poverty in Nigeria. To achieve this objective a conceptual model for poverty reduction has been proposed by the paper with a shift from the conventional mechanism or perspective to a proposed ideal Islamic conceptual model which if adhered to would ensure comprehensive prosperity in Nigeria thereby ensuring poverty reduction and overall well-being of the Nigerian populace. In the proposed conceptual model this paper envisaged the role of Islamic ideals of governance and administration in the quest for a better society free of squalor, hunger, hopelessness and despair. Consequently, relevant literature were used to develop the conceptual model and a discourse on Nigeria’s strive towards poverty reduction was carried out. Specifically, the conceptual model emphasized on amanah (trusteeship), adlah (justice), and istislah (public interest) as the mechanisms that would usherin and ensure prosperity and poverty reduction in Nigeria. Keywords: Poverty reduction, Amanah, Adlah, Istisla

The Contribution of Localization Management System on Zakat Institution Performance

This paper attempts to analyze the concept of localization and its relationship with the psychological performance of zakat. It argued that localization could produce development opportunities from the management decentralization of supply chain in zakat institution. In this study, localization is treated as the mediator, while property rights of zakat and asset specificity performed as the independent factors in determining the performance of zakat. Data from 428 samples of zakat payers reveal that localization was performed as the complementary partial mediation toward the performance of zakat. This is due to the property rights of zakat and the asset specificity have the direct impact on the psychological performance. Hence, further exploration of the innovation in supply chain management, especially on the aspect of decentralization of zakat is needed. This study suggested that development opportunities could be met by applying the concept of localization in the zakat institution

Impact of Climate Change on the Number of Threatened Species: International Evidence

Global warming is the price for economic development. Rapid industrialization produces greenhouse gases that trap the heat and make the earth warmer. The rise in temperature and changes in precipitation resulted in extreme weather conditions. Global climate change affects both physical and biological environments and the impacts on biodiversity is directly and indirectly. The direct effects of climate change includes the increased in temperature and precipitation that affect individual organisms, populations, species distribution and ecosystem compositions and functions. The indirect effects of climate change are through increased salinity and extreme weather events such as floods, cyclones and droughts that will have a profound negative impacts on the forest and biodiversity. The present study investigates the impact of climate change on the number of threatened species as proxy for biodiversity loss using a cross-national data consisting of 98 countries. We have estimated the impact of temperature, precipitation and the number of natural disasters occurrences on the number of threatened species, in particular birds, fishes, mammals, plants and reptiles. As control variables, we have considered government effectiveness (proxy for good governance) and the level of economic development (proxy for wealth). By employing Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with robust standard error and quantile regressions analyses, our results suggest that all three climate change indicators – temperature, precipitation and the number of natural disasters occurrences increase the number of threatened species (biodiversity loss). Higher economic development also affect the number of threatened species positively. On the other hand, good governance such as government effectiveness reduces the number of threatened species. Thus, practicing good governance, promoting conservation of the environment and the control of greenhouse gasses would able to mitigate biodiversity loss

The Relation between Corporate Governance, Risk Management and Financial Performance: Theoretical and Analytics Framework

The paper aims to review the relation between Corporate Governance, Risk Management and Performance. We reviewed these variables and develop a Theoretical and Analytics framework. First introduction (study background, Problem Statement, Research Objectives and research questions). Second literature review (A) financial performance such as ROA, ROE, EPS and Tobin’s Q, (B) Corporate Governance as Board of Directors, Board Composition, CEO Duality and Board Size (C) Risk Management. Third, we discussed Underpinning Theories such as, Agency Theory and Institutional Theory. Fourth, we developed a Theoretical Framework where we illustrated (A) Corporate Governance and Financial Performance, (B) Risk Management and Financial Performance (C) Compliance with Accounting Standards and Financial Performance. Finally, we developed a comprehensive reviewing based on above variables

The Current Characteristics of Entrepreneur among Millennials in The Capital City of Indonesia

Many types of research imply young entrepreneur is different from the other entrepreneur that exist. Recently the millennial generations possess more entrepreneurial potential than the previous generation. Some of the millennials believe that to become an entrepreneur could increase their career level and prosperous future. Interestingly about 50% of financial and technology company founders are the millennials, but it appears that the business world is currently being run by millennials is quite difficult to survive compare with the other that already mature in business. The aim of this paper is to explore the characteristics of entrepreneur among the millennial generations at the capital city in Indonesia. This research has been conducted on a group of 80 millennials in Jakarta as one of the capital and creative cities in Indonesia. The results of this study can be used by millennials who want to become an entrepreneur. Furthermore, this research can be used also as a self-screening to understand their entrepreneurial characteristics, before starting a new business

Leadership, Knowledge Management and Employee Commitment: Mediating Role of Crisis Management

Purpose: Using crisis management as a mediator between leadership skills, knowledge management, and employee commitment, the study examines the role of crisis management in UAE public sector organizations. In order to motivate employees and keep them committed, supportive leadership skills and knowledge are required. However, crisis management if managed through proper knowledge and skilled leadership develops employee commitment which is highly needed in the times of crisis.   Theoretical framework: Managing knowledge and leadership skills during crisis situations can only be achieved if employees are able to effectively manage them.   Design/methodology/approach: Using SMART PLS3, a structural equation modeling approach has been used to analyze the collected data in order to meet the objectives of the study.   Findings: Likewise, crisis management significantly moderates the relationship between leadership, knowledge management, and employee commitment. Leadership, knowledge management, and employee commitment are strongly related.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Despite genuine efforts, this study constraint persists. First, the study's sole focus is on employee commitment during times of crisis, and knowledge management is a crucial component of this. Also examined were aspects of knowledge management that affect employee commitment in detail.   Originality/value: In this study, crisis management as a mediator was added to the theory and the matrix based on the knowledge-based view of crisis response leadership

Does country with multi-ethnic, multi-linguistic and multi-religious society induce tourist arrivals? Worldwide evidence

The tourism sector contributes foreign exchange earnings to the nation; tax revenue to the government; and provide jobs to the population as well as open-up business opportunities to the communities. Thus, international tourist arrivals play a central role in stimulating economic growth by ensuring substantial export income in the form of international tourist expenditures to a destination country. A fundamental question that relates international visitors and the destination country is: “Does diversity play an important role in promoting tourism?” Studies have found that ethno-linguistic diversity affect a country’s tourism competitiveness negatively. This is because high levels of ethnic diversity tend to be associated with low investment, poor governance as a result of poor communication, low collective action and weak cohesion due to differences in ethnic groups’ value system. In this study, using a sample of 126 countries, our results suggest that ethnic, linguistic, and religious fractionalization negatively affected the destination choice of international tourist arrivals. Nevertheless, national income and safety of a country have positive impact on tourist arrivals, but air pollution affects negatively tourist arrivals to a destination country. Some policy implications that would promote tourism are that a country needs to promote and portray multi-racial country that are safe, peoples enjoy diversity in culture and lived in harmony; good facilities and infrastructure related to tourism; and less pollution

Does financial development contribute to fertility decline in Malaysia? An empirical investigation

The “old-age security” and “complete substitutability” hypotheses suggest that financial market can affect individuals’ decision to have less or more children. It has been recognised in the literature that at low level of financial development, children are considered an asset and a form of investment that could provide returns and security during old age. However, at higher level of financial development, individuals have more access to the financial market that can provide funds and financing during old age and as a result the demand for children is less. Furthermore, increase in female labour participation rate in the financial industry as well as in other economic sectors will also induce demand for fewer children. In Malaysia, the development of banks as well as the non-banking financial institutions has broadened credit accessibility to households and it could affects household’s decisions over the number of children they should have. Thus, the present paper empirically investigates the long-run relationship between fertility rate, financial development, income and household consumption in Malaysia for the period 1975 to 2013. In this study we employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) modelling approach for the testing of cointegration. Our results suggest that financial development and household consumption expenditure are negatively related to fertility rate, while fertility rate portrays a non-linear long-run relationship with income, thus exhibiting an inverted U-shaped curve with income in Malaysia