Measuring the modeling complexity of microservice choreography and orchestration: The case of e-commerce applications

Context: With the increasing popularity of microservices for software application development, businesses are migrating from monolithic approaches towards more scalable and independently deployable applications using microservice architectures. Each microservice is designed to perform one single task. However, these microservices need to be composed together to communicate and deliver complex system functionalities. There are two major approaches to compose microservices, namely Choreography and Orchestration. Microservice compositions are mainly built around business functionalities, therefore businesses need to choose the right composition style that best serves their needs. Hence, this research uses existing complexity metrics from the software engineering and business process modeling domains on small, mid-sized, and end-to-end e-commerce scenarios to analyze and compare the level of complexity of microservice Orchestration and Choreography using Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). Objective: Comparing the complexity of the two leading composition techniques on small, mid-sized, and end-to-end e-commerce scenarios, using complexity metrics from the software engineering and business process literature. More specifically, we use the metrics to assess the complexity of BPMN-based models representing the abovementioned e-commerce scenarios. Method: This research follows a five-step process for conducting a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology to define, develop and evaluate BPMN-based models for microservice compositions. Results: A series of BPMN workflows are designed as artifacts to investigate microservice Choreography and Orchestration. The results derived from the complexity evaluation of our proposed models show a higher level of complexity in orchestrating microservices for e-commerce applications given the number of services used in modeling Orchestration compared to Choreography. Conclusion: This research uncovers insights on modeling microservice Choreography and Orchestration and discusses the impacts of complexity on the modifiability and understandability of the proposed models. Keywords: Microservice, Microservice Composition, Choreography, Orchestration, Complexity Metric, BPMN

TECHNOLOGY OF CINEMATIC ARCHITECTURE IN SCIENCE FICTION MOVIES

Cinematic architecture in the broadest terms, portrayed spaces as a scene, where it conceives and reads the built environment in terms of sequences. It explores the effect of futuristic architecture and highlight the significant role of cinematic architecture in the society. Both movies and architecture function as languages, with two components: the signifiers, which are the tangible forms of signs, and the signified, which are the concepts, thoughts, and ideals that the signifiers contain. Unfortunately, the world is experiencing fast changes as a result of the massive rise of technology and capitalism, and the cinema industry plays an important role in displaying these improvements, showing the up - coming future through various science fiction movies, that either operate as an alert system for transformation, with the majority of these depictions viewing futuristic architecture and urban design as a dystopian realm, a lack of how to manage the upcoming issues, and these visions may come to pass. This paper aims to recognize different technological approaches to create the cinematic architecture, presented in the science fiction movies. To achieve this aim, the paper will start with literature review, based on desk research, reviewing previous readings, then the paper will analyze two case studies, which are the Movie of Tron Legacy, 2010, and the Avatar movie, James Cameron, 2009. As a conclusion, a better understanding the link between movie and architecture, it may be a better convey the complex concepts and ambitions for cities through architectural elements and signifiers

Anti-Neurodegenerating Activity : Structure–Activity Relationship Analysis of Flavonoids

Acknowledgments We thank the late R.H. Thomson for donating the pure compounds used in this study to the compound library of the Marine Biodiscovery Centre. Funding This research was funded jointly by the Mauritius Research and Innovation Council and Axonova Ltd. under the Research and Innovation Bridge (RIB) grant scheme through a project titled “ Consortium for Marine Innovative Therapeutics (COMIT)” and The Deanship of Research at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Effect of styles teaching in cognitive achievement In methods of teaching physical education

The research aims to identify the difference between my style and method of brainstorming Prince in the collection of knowledge of the material teaching methods. The researcher used the experimental method and the research sample consisted of students stage Cycle- Faculty of Physical Education - Tishreen University, was Achtaahm simple random way. They were divided into two groups and by 23 students for each group, one group B studied according to brainstorming and other studied Method A method according to Prince. And identified the search tool in the cognitive achievement test material teaching methods. Where the application of methods and by one lecture a week and extended the ten lectures. After the completion of the application distributed achievement test them and after data acquisition and processing means of statistical tests (t) for independent samples equal number, were obtained results and their impact on the researcher concluded the following:- Outweigh the B group that studied according to brainstorm on the members of the group A, who studied in accordance with the prescriptive method in the collection of knowledge of the material tested method of teaching methods students.The researcher recommended the need to use brainstorming method as the best method of the Prince in the material teaching methods.     أثر استخدام أسلوبين تدريسيين في التحصيل المعرفي لمادة طرائق تدريس التربية البدنية يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على  الفرق بين أسلوبي العصف الذهني الأمري في التحصيل المعرفي لمادة طرائق التدريس. استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي، وتمثلت عينة البحث بمجموعة من طلاب السنة الثالثة- كلية التربية الرياضية – جامعة تشرين، تم اختياهم بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة, تم تقسيمهم الى مجموعتين وبواقع 23 طالباً لكل مجموعة، احداها درست وفق أسلوب العصف الذهني وسميت المجموعة B، والأخرى درست وفق الأسلوب الأمري وسميت المجموعة A. وتمثلت أداة البحث باختبار تحصيلي معرفي لمادة طرائق التدريس. تم تطبيق الأسلوبين وبواقع محاضرة واحدة في الأسبوع وممتدة على عشر محاضرات. وبعد الانتهاء من التطبيق تم تطبيق الاختبار التحصيلي عليهم وبعد الحصول على البيانات ومعالجتها بالوسائل الاحصائية المتمثلة باختبار (t) للعينات المستقلة متساوية العدد، تم الحصول على النتائج وعلى أثرها استنتج الباحث ما يأتي: - تفوق طلاب المجموعة B التي درست وفق أسلوب العصف الذهني على افراد المجموعة A التي درست وفق الأسلوب الأمري في اختبار التحصيل المعرفي لمادة طرائق التدريس. واقترح الباحث ضرورة استخدام أسلوب العصف الذهني باعتباره أفضل من الأسلوب الأمري في مادة طرائق التدريس

Virtual Screening of a Library of Naturally Occurring Anthraquinones for Potential Anti-Fouling Agents

Acknowledgments A sincere thanks to Mehak Sharma and Varship Creations, India, for their constructive suggestions. Additionally, thank you to Nidhan Singh Oberoi and Albrn Care, India. Funding This research received no external funding.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Posttraumatic stress disorder predicts poor health-related quality of life in cardiac patients in Palestine

BACKGROUND: The longitudinal association of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in cardiac patients' remains poorly studied, particularly in conflict-affected settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this cohort study, we used baseline and one-year follow-up data collected from patients 30 to 80 years old consecutively admitted with a cardiac diagnosis to four major hospitals in Nablus, Palestine. All subjects were screened for PTSD and HRQL using the PTSD Checklist Specific and the HeartQoL questionnaire. We used a generalized structural equation model (GSEM) to examine the independent predictive association of PTSD at baseline with HRQL at follow-up. We also examined the mediating roles of depression, anxiety, and stress at baseline. RESULTS: The prevalence of moderate-to-high PTSD symptoms among 1022 patients at baseline was 27∙0%. Patients with PTSD symptoms reported an approximate 20∙0% lower HRQL at follow-up. The PTSD and HRQL relationship was largely mediated by depressive and anxiety symptoms. It was not materially altered by adjustment for socio-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that individuals with a combination of PTSD and depression, or anxiety are potentially faced with poor HRQL as a longer-term outcome of their cardiac disease. In Palestine, psychological disorders are often stigmatized; however, integration of mental health care with cardiac care may offer an entry door for addressing psychological problems in the population. Further studies need to assess the effective mental health interventions for improving quality of life in cardiac patients

Targeting SARS-CoV2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain by Therapeutic Antibodies

The Authors As the number of people infected with the newly identified 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) is continuously increasing every day, development of potential therapeutic platforms is vital. Based on the comparatively high similarity of receptor-binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV2 and SARS-CoV, it seems crucial to assay the cross-reactivity of anti-SARS-CoV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with SARS-CoV2 spike (S)-protein. Indeed, developing mAbs targeting SARS-CoV2 S-protein RBD could show novel applications for rapid and sensitive development of potential epitope-specific vaccines (ESV). Herein, we present an overview on the discovery of new CoV followed by some explanation on the SARS-CoV2 S-protein RBD site. Furthermore, we surveyed the novel therapeutic mAbs for targeting S-protein RBD such as S230, 80R, F26G18, F26G19, CR3014, CR3022, M396, and S230.15. Afterwards, the mechanism of interaction of RBD and different mAbs were explained and it was suggested that one of the SARS-CoV-specific human mAbs, namely CR3022, could show the highest binding affinity with SARS-CoV2 S-protein RBD. Finally, some ongoing challenges and future prospects for rapid and sensitive advancement of therapeutic mAbs targeting S-protein RBD were discussed. In conclusion, it may be proposed that this review may pave the way for recognition of RBD and different mAbs to develop potential therapeutic ESV

Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Background Health system planning requires careful assessment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) epidemiology, but data for morbidity and mortality of this disease are scarce or non-existent in many countries. We estimated the global, regional, and national burden of CKD, as well as the burden of cardiovascular disease and gout attributable to impaired kidney function, for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017. We use the term CKD to refer to the morbidity and mortality that can be directly attributed to all stages of CKD, and we use the term impaired kidney function to refer to the additional risk of CKD from cardiovascular disease and gout. Methods The main data sources we used were published literature, vital registration systems, end-stage kidney disease registries, and household surveys. Estimates of CKD burden were produced using a Cause of Death Ensemble model and a Bayesian meta-regression analytical tool, and included incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, mortality, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). A comparative risk assessment approach was used to estimate the proportion of cardiovascular diseases and gout burden attributable to impaired kidney function. Findings Globally, in 2017, 1·2 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1·2 to 1·3) people died from CKD. The global all-age mortality rate from CKD increased 41·5% (95% UI 35·2 to 46·5) between 1990 and 2017, although there was no significant change in the age-standardised mortality rate (2·8%, −1·5 to 6·3). In 2017, 697·5 million (95% UI 649·2 to 752·0) cases of all-stage CKD were recorded, for a global prevalence of 9·1% (8·5 to 9·8). The global all-age prevalence of CKD increased 29·3% (95% UI 26·4 to 32·6) since 1990, whereas the age-standardised prevalence remained stable (1·2%, −1·1 to 3·5). CKD resulted in 35·8 million (95% UI 33·7 to 38·0) DALYs in 2017, with diabetic nephropathy accounting for almost a third of DALYs. Most of the burden of CKD was concentrated in the three lowest quintiles of Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In several regions, particularly Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America, the burden of CKD was much higher than expected for the level of development, whereas the disease burden in western, eastern, and central sub-Saharan Africa, east Asia, south Asia, central and eastern Europe, Australasia, and western Europe was lower than expected. 1·4 million (95% UI 1·2 to 1·6) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 25·3 million (22·2 to 28·9) cardiovascular disease DALYs were attributable to impaired kidney function. Interpretation Kidney disease has a major effect on global health, both as a direct cause of global morbidity and mortality and as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. CKD is largely preventable and treatable and deserves greater attention in global health policy decision making, particularly in locations with low and middle SDI

Gemmini: Enabling Systematic Deep-Learning Architecture Evaluation via Full-Stack Integration

DNN accelerators are often developed and evaluated in isolation without considering the cross-stack, system-level effects in real-world environments. This makes it difficult to appreciate the impact of System-on-Chip (SoC) resource contention, OS overheads, and programming-stack inefficiencies on overall performance/energy-efficiency. To address this challenge, we present Gemmini, an open-source*, full-stack DNN accelerator generator. Gemmini generates a wide design-space of efficient ASIC accelerators from a flexible architectural template, together with flexible programming stacks and full SoCs with shared resources that capture system-level effects. Gemmini-generated accelerators have also been fabricated, delivering up to three orders-of-magnitude speedups over high-performance CPUs on various DNN benchmarks. * https://github.com/ucb-bar/gemminiComment: To appear at the 58th IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC), December 2021, San Francisco, CA, US