The Evolution of the Far-UV Luminosity Function and Star Formation Rate Density of the Chandra Deep Field South from z=0.2-1.2 with Swift/UVOT

We use deep Swift UV/Optical Telescope (UVOT) near-ultraviolet (1600A to 4000A) imaging of the Chandra Deep Field South to measure the rest-frame far-UV (FUV; 1500A) luminosity function (LF) in four redshift bins between z=0.2 and 1.2. Our sample includes 730 galaxies with u < 24.1 mag. We use two methods to construct and fit the LFs: the traditional V_max method with bootstrap errors and a maximum likelihood estimator. We observe luminosity evolution such that M* fades by ~2 magnitudes from z~1 to z~0.3 implying that star formation activity was substantially higher at z~1 than today. We integrate our LFs to determine the FUV luminosity densities and star formation rate densities from z=0.2 to 1.2. We find evolution consistent with an increase proportional to (1+z)^1.9 out to z~1. Our luminosity densities and star formation rates are consistent with those found in the literature, but are, on average, a factor of ~2 higher than previous FUV measurements. In addition, we combine our UVOT data with the MUSYC survey to model the galaxies' ultraviolet-to-infrared spectral energy distributions and estimate the rest-frame FUV attenuation. We find that accounting for the attenuation increases the star formation rate densities by ~1 dex across all four redshift bins.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables; accepted for publication in Ap

The effect of activity-based financing on hospital efficiency: A panel data analysis of DEA efficiency scores 1992-2000

Activity-based financing (ABF) was implemented in the Norwegian hospital sector from 1 July 1997. A fraction (30 to 50 per cent) of the block grant from the state to the county councils has been replaced by a matching grant depending upon the number and composition of hospital treatments. As a result of the reform, the majority of county councils have introduced activity-based contracts with their hospitals. This paper studies the effect of activity-based funding on hospital efficiency. We predict that hospital efficiency will increase because the benefit from cost-reducing efforts in terms of number of treated patients is increased under ABF compared with global budgets. The prediction is tested using a panel data set from the period 1992-2000. Efficiency indicators are estimated by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA) with multiple inputs and outputs. Using a variety of econometric methods, we find that the introduction of ABF has improved efficiency when measured as technical efficiency according to DEA analysis. Contrary to our prediction, the result is less uniform with respect to the effect on cost-efficiency. We suggest several reasons why this prediction fails. Keywords are poor information of costs, production-oriented drive, tight factor markets and soft budget constraints.Public hospitals; financing; efficiency; DEA-scores; panel data; Norway

The Effect of Activity-Based Financing on Hospital Efficiency: A Panel Data Analysis of DEA Efficiency Scores 1992-2000

Activity-based financing (ABF) was implemented in the Norwegian hospital sector from 1 July 1997. A fraction (30 to 50 per cent) of the block grant from the state to the county councils has been replaced by a matching grant depending upon the number and composition of hospital treatments. As a result of the reform, the majority of county councils have introduced activity-based contracts with their hospitals. This paper studies the effect of activity-based funding on hospital efficiency. We predict that hospital efficiency will increase because the benefit from cost-reducing efforts in terms of number of treated patients is increased under ABF compared with global budgets. The prediction is tested using a panel data set from the period 1992-2000. Efficiency indicators are estimated by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA) with multiple inputs and outputs. Using a variety of econometric methods, we find that the introduction of ABF has improved efficiency when measured as technical efficiency according to DEA analysis. Contrary to our prediction, the result is less uniform with respect to the effect on cost-efficiency. We suggest several reasons why this prediction fails. Keywords are poor information of costs, production-oriented drive, tight factor markets and soft budget constraints.Public Hospitals; Financing; Efficiency; DEA Scores; Panel Data; Norway

The hows and whys of coding categories in a learner corpus (or "how and why an error-tagged learner corpus is not ipso facto one big comparative fallacy")

publishedVersio

UVOT Measurements of Dust and Star Formation in the SMC and M33

When measuring star formation rates using ultraviolet light, correcting for dust extinction is a critical step. However, with the variety of dust extinction curves to choose from, the extinction correction is quite uncertain. Here, we use Swift/UVOT to measure the extinction curve for star-forming regions in the SMC and M33. We find that both the slope of the curve and the strength of the 2175 Angstrom bump vary across both galaxies. In addition, as part of our modeling, we derive a detailed recent star formation history for each galaxy.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings from Swift: 10 years of Discovery, held in Rome (2-5 Dec. 2014

Tunnelprosjekter mer lønnsomme enn antatt?

De samfunnsøkonomiske gevinstene ved å erstatte veistrekninger med vanskelige kjøreforhold med tunneler er større enn hva Statens vegvesen i en del tilfeller har lagt til grunn i standardiserte NK-analyser. Årsaken er blant annet tidsheft knyttet til at stengte- og glatte vinterveier ikke er tatt med og at materielle skader ved ulykker er undervurderte. Problemomfanget er belyst med en supplerende NK-analyse av tunnelprosjektene gjennom Toven (ny RV78) og Korgfjellet (ny E6) i Nord Norg

Brand i 1866. Kritikk, debatt, polemikk

Artikkelen undersøker på ny den første norske resepsjonen av Ibsens Brand, fra serien med anmeldelser i de første aprildagene 1866 til Kristian Winter-Hjelms to større artikler i begynnelsen av desember samme år. Ny oppmerksomhet rettes mot anmeldelsenes kronologiske rekkefølge og mot de tolknings- og vurderingsmessige konfliktene som oppstår anmelderne imellom. Et premiss for artikkelen er at denne tidlige mottakelsen er undervurdert i litteraturhistorien, kritikkhistorien og Ibsen-forskningen, noe som har preget både vår historiske bevissthet og vårt syn på Ibsens nåtidige relevans. Lite kommenterte anmeldelser og artikler av Johan L. Vibe, Paul Botten-Hansen og Hans Henrik Schulze trekkes frem, også som et første skritt i retning av en mer omfattende revurdering av slike kritikere.publishedVersio