Drying kinetics, modeling and quality of quince slices in thin layer air impingement jet dryer

Quince is a nutritionally important fruit, which is not much appreciated for fresh consumption. Drying of quince is one of the methods which is suited for preserving it against deterioration. In this paper, an experimental investigation was conducted to study the drying kinetics, modeling and quality of quince slices in an air impingement dryer under different drying temperatures, air velocities and relative nozzle-to-product distance (H/D) values. The results indicated that increasing drying air temperature and velocity can reduce the drying time. In addition, the impact of drying temperature on the drying time was more significant than that of the air velocity. It was also observed that the maximum heat and mass transfer occurs at the H/D ratio of 4 as Reynolds number varies between 4000 and 7500. The effective moisture diffusivity of quince slices ranged from 3.04×10-10 to 7.85×10-10 m2/s and the activation energy of quince slices were 23.570, 24.825 and 33.430 kJ/­mol at different velocities of air. Based on the results reported in this study, the Midilli et al. model provided the best fit to describe the experimental drying data of quince slices. Furthermore, the results showed that the rehydration ratio of dried slices increased as drying temperature and H/D ratio rose and dropped with increase of the air velocity. Also results of color change of dried samples demonstrated that drying temperature and air velocity significantly affected the overall color change of quince slices, while the interaction between drying temperature and air velocity beside main effect of H/D ratio did not show any statistically significant difference in color change of dried samples. From the point of view of the drying time, rehydration ratio and color change of the dried slices, the optimum drying conditions were proposed. Keywords: air impingement jet dryer, drying kinetics, quince slices, rehydration ratio, color change

Naturere representation in the Monasteries Poetry book of Al-Asbahani

Poetry representation seeks to highlight the image that impressed the poet as a result of what he witnessed with a live visual painting that is present in front of his eyes of the beauty of the Christian monasteries; as a result of its breathtaking geographical location, and the efforts of its monks to remain in the best form in front of its followers of Christians, poets and others, until it became the right for the learners of literature to be called the literature of Monasteries; because of its distinctive poems that departed from its old perspective in the paintings of the atlases and the description of the camel, and became verses that radiate comfort, humanity and pleasure, which was the cause of his poetry or poetry systems; to paint the image of the monastery hidden in the mind of the recipient between its lines, by means of its semantics and delicate verbal images that served its purpose, by consolidating the image of the Christian religions and their beauty and their monasteries, psychological and psychological illiteracy in the mind of the reader, and remained circulating in history, geography and literature with the same importance

Predicting Study by some New Serum and Urinary Biomarkers for The Diagnosis of Lupus Nephritis in SLE Patients in Kerbela Province

Background: As a common side effect of SLE, lupus nephritis is an immunological complex glomerular nephritis (GN). Its pathogenesis involves a number of pathogenic pathways. The increased incidence of ESRD emphasizes the significance of early diagnosis in this challenging to control disease with unpredictable course that is caused by multiple combinations of genetic variants that compromise those mechanisms normally assuring immune tolerance to nuclear auto antigens. Aim of study: This study aimed to Measuring Level Urinary Epidermal Growth Factor (UEGF) in urine, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocaline (NG- AL) and measuring the level of complement (C1q, C3, C4) in serum for Lupus Nephritis patients by using ELISA method, this research included eighty female patients with SLE. Methodology: A cross section study of patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus was conducted. Imam AL Hasan Al Mujtaba Hospital in Karbala city during period from November 2022 to March 2023. Results: The findings of the present investigation have demonstrated a considerable reduction of UEGF concentration in Sever Lupus nephritis group, compeer with Moderate Lupus nephritis and other organ SLE group, the mean of UEGF was (145.97±45.55 ng/L) (195.78±60.38 ng/L) (339.15±85.59ng/L) respectively. The findings of this study have demonstrated a considerable rise in NGAL concentration in Sever Lupus nephritis group, compeer with Moderate Lupus nephritis and other organ SLE group, the mean of NGAL was (1027.53± 259.01 ng/ml) (768.82± 228.8) (715.89± 173.9 ng/ml) respectively. The findings of the current investigation showed a negligible decline in C1q in Sever Lupus nephritis group, compeer with Moderate Lupus nephritis and other organ SLE group, the mean of C1q was (8.04± 8.93 μg/ml) (8.44± 1.46 μg/ml) (9.43± 2.52 μg/ml) respectively. The result of C3 show un-Significant reduction in the concentration in the Sever Lupus Nephritis Patients compeer with Moderate Lupus nephritis and other organ SLE, The Mean concentration of C3 (0.79± 0.36 g/l) (0.85± 0.47g/l) (1.04± 0.35g/l) respectively. And the mean concentration of C4 as show un-Significant reduction in the concentration in the Sever Lupus Nephritis Patients compeer with Moderate Lupus nephritis and other organ SLE, The Mean concentration of C4 (0.14± 0.1g/l) (0.31± 0.17g/l) (0.38± 0.2g/l) respectively. Conclusions: Decrease both the level of UEGF expression and urinary excretion after kidney injury and the level of the complement system is a major factor in lupus nephritis-related kidney damage and Increase Neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocaline (NGAL) can serve as an early indicator for the diagnosis of acute renal damage

Laser Ablation in Different Environments and Generation of Nanoparticles

In the last two decades, pulsed-laser ablation has received attention from researchers in micro- and nanotechnology. During the development of laser ablation in materials processing, several media, such as vacuum, air, gases and liquids, have been used to improve the quality and quantity of laser machining and production of nanoparticles. The laser-ablation environment is important in order to control the average size and chemical compositions of nanoparticles. Conducting the laser-ablation process in liquid environments has become of increasing relevance for the production of precise and pure micromachining and nanomaterials. In addition, deionised water has been found to be the optimal environment to produce nanoparticles for bioapplications

Effect of adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder to the ration on some blood traits of broiler Ross 308

This study was conducted at the Poultry Farm -Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture,  AL-Qasim Green University to investigate the effect of adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder to the ration on blood traits of broiler (Ross 308). 90 unsexed broiler chicks one day-old were used and randomly assigned to three treatments with 3  replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. The treatments were as follows: ( first treatment is the control)  without adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder to the diet, adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder by 1% ( second treatment), and adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder by 2% ( third treatment). The experiment included a study of the following characteristics: Red blood cell count, hematocrit (PCV), and  hemoglobin concentration. The results indicated that adding Salvia officinalis leaves powder by 1 and 2 % to broiler diet led to a significant improve (P<0.05( in red blood cell counts, PCV and  Hemoglobin concentration. It concluded from this experiment that adding 1 and 2% of Salvia officinalis leaves powder to the ration can lead to improve some blood traits of broilers. Key words : Salvia officinalis leaves powder , blood traits , broiler

Significant Association of Streptococcus bovis with Malignant Gastrointestinal Diseases

Streptococcus bovis is a Gram-positive bacterium causing serious human infections, including endocarditis and bacteremia, and is usually associated with underlying disease. The aims of the current study were to compare prevalence of the bacterium associated with malignant and nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases and to determine the susceptibility of the isolated strains to different antimicrobial agents. The result showed that the prevalence of S. bovis in stool specimens from patients with malignant or with nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases was statistically significant. This result may support the idea that there is correlation between S. bovis and the malignant gastrointestinal diseases

Polymer Biomedical Films

 الافلام المركبة لكل من بولي فنيل الكحول مع السليكا النانوية - اوكسيد الزنك النانوي. بولي مثيل ميثا اكريليت مع السليكا النانوية - اوكسيد الزنك النانوي- الكلوروفيل يتم تحضيرها باستخدام طريقة الصب ويتم تقييم تطبيقاتها الطبية. في هذه الدراسة السليكا النانوية واوكسيد الزنك النانوي تستخدم كماده ماله لتحسين الخواص البيولوجية والميكانيكه للأفلام المركبة. يتم اجراء العديد من الاختبارات على الافلام المركبة مثل مطياف الأشعة تحت الحمراء والفعالية المضادة للبكتريا واختبار الشد. اضهرت النتائج أن أوكسيد الزنك لديه نشاط مضاد للجراثيم ممتاز وهذا النشاط يزداد في الأفلام المركبة مع زيادة تركيز اوكسيد الزنك. الافلام المركبة البولي مثيل ميثا اكريليت اضهرت قوة شفاء أفضل من لأفلام المركبة لبولي فنيل الكحول. ولتجنب الشقوق على افلام بولي مثل ميثا اكريلت المنتجة، الكلوروفيل كصبغه طبيعية حيوية تضاف حيث انها تعمل كملدن وبذالك تزال الشقوق من الافلام المركبة. جميع الاختبارات الميكانيكية والفيزيائية تظهر ان لأفلام المركبة لبولي فنيل الكحول لها قيم اعلى من قيم الافلام المركبة البولي مثيل ميثا اكريليت وهذا يرجع الى حقيقة ان بولي فنيل الكحول يمكن ان يبني اواصر هيدروجينية مع اضافات اوكسيد الزنك النانوي او السليكا النانوية بينما بولي مثيل ميثا اكريليت لا يمتلك ميل لعمل اواصر هيدروجينية.Composite films of both Poly (vinyl alcohol)/nano silica-nano zinc oxide (PVA/SiO2- ZnO) and Poly (methyl methacrylate) / nano silica-nano zinc oxide -chlorophyll (PMMA/SiO2-ZnO-Ch) are prepared by using casting method and their medical applications are evaluated. In this study Nano, silica and Nano zinc oxide are used as filler with the following percentages of (1, 2 and 3) to improve the biological and mechanical properties of the composite films. Many tests are carried on the composite films such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), antibacterial activity, and tensile test. Their results show that zinc oxide has an excellent antibacterial activity and this activity increases in composite films with the increasing concentration of the zinc oxide .PMMA composite films show a better healing power than that of the PVA composite films. To avoid cracking on the produced PMMA film, chlorophyll as a bio natural pigment, is added it acts as a plasticizer and as a result it removes film stresses. All mechanical and physical tests show that the PVA composite has higher values than those of PMMA. This is due to the fact that PVA can build a hydrogen bond with ZnO or SiO2 additives while PMMA has no tendency for H-bonding. &nbsp

Spectral analysis and anti-bacterial activity of methanolic fruit extract of Citrullus colocynthis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Phytochemicals are chemical compounds often referred to as secondary metabolites. Thirty three bioactive phytochemical compounds were identified in the methanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis. The identification of phytochemical compounds is based on the peak area, retention time molecular weight and molecular formula. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of C. colocynthis revealed the existence of the methyl 6-oxoheptanoate, hexanoic acid, 2-isopropyl-2-methyl- 5-oxo-, methyl ester, dodecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy, benzofuran,2,3-dihydro, 1,1-Cyclopropanedimethanol, 2-methyl-α-phenyl, 1,1-cyclopropanedimethanol, 2-methyl-α-phenyl, 12,15-octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, (5ß)pregnane-3,20ß-diol, 14α,18α-[4-methyl-3-oxo-(1-oxa-4-azabutan, 3-(N,Ndimethyllaurylammonio) propanesulfonate, 2H-1-benzopyran-3,4-diol,2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- 3,4dihydro-6-met, 11,13-dihydroxy-tetradec-5-ynoic acid, methyl ester, Cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa[1,2]cycloheptan-3(3aH)-one,1,2,3b,6,7, 4-(2,4,4-trimethyl-cyclohexa-1,5- dienyl)-but-3-en-2-one, 1-tetradecanamine,N,N-dimethyl, α-D-glucopyranoside, O-α-D-glucopyranosyl- (1,fwdarw.3)-ß-D-fructo, acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-, 9- octadecenamide,(z)-, butyrophenone,2´,3,4´,6´-tetramethyl-, ethyl 5,8,11,14,-eicosatetraenoate, 9,12,15- octadecatrienoic acid, 2,3,-dihydroxypropyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)-, 1H-cyclopropa[3,4]benz[1,2-e]ezulene - 5,7b,9,9a 476.241018tetrol,1a,1b,4,4a, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,10-Secocholesta -5,7,10(19)- triene-3,24,25,-triol,(3ß,5Z,7E)-, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid,2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)-, triazido-(1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopenta-2,4-dienyl)-german, ethyl iso-allocholate, α-N-Normethadol, Octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, phthalic acid , decyl oct-3-yl ester, 1,2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid , bis(8-methylnonyl)ester, phthalic acid, di(6-ethyl-3-octyl)ester, y-tocopherol, 1,4-ethanonaphthalene -6,9(4H)-dione,1,4a,5,8a-tetrahydro-4,5,7,10 and vitamin E. Methanolic extract of bioactive compounds of C. colocynthis was assayed for in vitro antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, P. mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia by using the diffusion method in agar. The zone of inhibition was compared with different standard antibiotics. The diameters of inhibition zones ranged from 4.91±0.260 to 1.03±0.200 mm for all treatments.Key words: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, phytochemicals, Citrullus colocynthis

Effect of Moisture Content on Terminal Velocity of Chickpea Varieties

Abstract Terminal velocity of four Iranian varieties of chickpea seeds at six moisture contents levels, experimentally and using mathematical model was obtained. The maximum and minimum values of experimental terminal velocity were obtained for jam and Kaka variety, respectively. The results showed that moisture content have significant effects on terminal velocity in each four varieties. As moisture content increased from around 7 to 25% (w.b.), terminal velocity of jam, ILC, Pirooz and Kaka seeds increased from 13.9 to 15.1, 12.79 to 13.67, 11.35 to 11.88 and 10.21 to 10.88 m/s, respectively. The results also show that suggested mathematical model can be used for prediction the terminal velocity of chickpea varieties, successfully. The coefficients of determination (R 2 ) in predicting terminal velocity for Kaka, Pirooz, ILC and jam varieties were 0.918, 0.903, 0.854 and 0.915, respectively