Study of the Allegro Core Performance

The presented paper is related to introduction of the design and neutronic characterization of the start-up core developed for Gas cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) demonstrator. Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava joined the project ALLEGRO in last decade within the consortium of middle-European institutions. In the development plan of the GEN IV GFR the ALLEGRO demonstrator is one of the most necessary steps. The ALLEGRO reactor is small helium cooled 75 MWth thermal power unit. Its main objective is to demonstrate the key GFR technologies and to perform tests of innovative materials. The reactor core is based on the standard and MOX pin type fuel in the first phase of the project. The active core of a large GFR 2400 makes use of ceramic materials, but in the first ALLEGRO core MOX fuel will be used. It will be mainly to demonstrate the viability of the technology and to acquire necessary experimental data for further research. In the presented works are identified the main discrepancies between ALLEGRO and GFR 2400 designs, the sensitivity analysis was performed for both reactors. Neutronic characterization is aimed to determination of the standard neutronic parameters using conventional computational systems. The results of sensitivity and uncertainty calculations are presented in conjunction with similarity analysis

CALVING ANALYSIS IN COWS OF CHAROLAIS BREED AT SELECTED FARM

At our work we have analysed the organisation of calving in Charolais breed during the years from 1998 to 2001 at selected farm. Our monitoring of calving during winter season (from January to February) shows the percentage of calving was in particular years ranged from 43.2 to 71.1. The most calves were born in February. We found out (total all years) diffi cult calving (value 3) in 2 cases in April (1998 and 1999) and 1 case in February (1998) and 1 in March (1999). Calving marked with value 2 (total of all years) we found out in January (2 cases), February (3 cases), March (4 cases) and from September to December past one case. From 18 cases of diffi cult calving what we found out, 11 calves (61.11 %) come from CHV 529 bull. In calves born by normal calving was found out average weight 34.75 kg, in ones born by calving with level 2 of diffi culty 36.36 kg, and in calves born by calving with diffi culty 3 was recorded average weight 41.5 kg. Recorded weight at 210 days of age in mostly cases was similar like in published breed standard

Investigation of the GFR2400 Reactivity Control System

The presented paper is related to the design methods and neutronic characterization of the reactivity control system in the large power unit of Generation IV Gas cooled Fast Reactor – GFR2400. The reactor core is based on carbide pin fuel type with the application of refractory metallic liners used to enhance the fission product retention of the SiC cladding. The heterogeneous design optimization of control rod is presented and the results of rods worth and their interferences in a core are evaluated. In addition, the idea of reflector removal as an additive reactivity management option is investigated and briefly described

Influence of propolis extract in Hubbard JV chickens nutrition on oxidative stabilty of meat

DOI: 10.15414/afz.2014.17.02.47–51Received 12. May 2014 ǀ Accepted 3. June 2014 ǀ Available online 23. June 2014In the experiment we evaluated the influence of propolis extract in nutrition of chickens on stability of meat in the most valuable parts of carcass that were stored by freezing at -18 °C. The hybrid combination of tested chickens was Hubbard JV. Propolis extract was added to experimental groups at a dose of 600 mg.kg-1 (group E1) and 800 mg.kg-1 (group E2). Fattening lasted 42 days. Oxidative stability of breast and thigh muscles was evaluated from the 1st day to 6th month of storage in regular month intervals. In the breast muscle, values of malondialdehyde (MDA) were from 0.212 to 0.313 mg.kg-1 in control group, from 0.186 to 0.264 mg.kg-1 in E1 group and from 0.175 to 0.259 mg.kg-1 in E2 group. In the thigh muscle, MDA values were from 0.255 to 0.339 mg.kg-1 (control group), from 0.196 to 0.279 mg.kg-1 (E1 group) and from 0.194 to 0.268 mg.kg-1 (E2 group). Application of propolis extract in Hubbard JV chickens nutrition has significant influence (P≤0.05) on decreasing of oxidative processes in breast and thigh muscles during the whole period of storage.Keywords: chickens, nutrition, feed supplements, propolis, chicken meat, oxidative stability, malondialdehyd

The impact of the humic acid and phytobiotics on performance and carcass parameters of broiler chickens

Received: 2018-05-29 | Accepted: 2018-05-29 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.173-178The aim of this experiment was to determine the influence of humic substances, and combination humic substances and selected phytobiotics on production and carcass parameters of broiler chickens. In experiment from total 200 one-day-old ROSS 308 chickens were randomized into four groups (n = 50). The control group was fed with basal diet (BD) without any additives. Group of chickens marked as treatment 1 (T1) was fed a BD containing 2% of humic acid, the group marked as treatment 2 (T2) was fed a BD containing 78% of humic acids, 18% of garlic powder (Allium sativum L.), 1% of milled dried leaves of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), 1% of milled dried leaves of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), 1% of milled dried leaves of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and 1% of milled dried leaves of bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), together 2 kg /100kg complete feed mixture (BD). In the group marked as treatment T3 were chicken fed with BD containing industrially produced coccidiostats. Experiment lasted 42 days. At the end of the experiment was average body weight (values in the order of the groups: 1808.03 ±212.39; 1981.75 ±203.32; 1895.59 ±178.75 and 1955.31 ±237.16 g ±SD) significantly higher (P0.05).Keywords: Allium sativum L., Artemisa absinthium, broiler chicken, carcass parameters, humic acid, Menyanthes trifoliata, Origanum vulgare, performance parameters, Thymus vulgarisReferencesAlipour, F., Hassanabadi, A., Golian, A., Nassiri-Moghaddam, H. (2015) Effect of plant extracts derived from thyme on male broiler performance. Poutry Science, 94 (11), 2630-2634. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev220Bacler-Żbikowska, B. (2012) Zasoby gatunkowe cennych roślin leczniczych powiatu włoszczowskiego. Część 3 – bobrek trójlistkowy Menyanthes trifoliata L. 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In: Therapeutic Foods, A volume in Handbook of Food Bioengineering, 179–208.Hafeez, A., Manner, K., Schieder, C., Zentek, J.  (2016) Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives (powdered vs.encapsulated) on performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science,  95 (3), 622-629. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev368Haselmeyer, A., Zentek, J., Chizzola, R. (2014) Effects of thyme as a feed additive in broiler chickens on thymol in gut contents, blood plasma, liver and muscle. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95 (3), 504508. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6758 Hassan, H.M.A., M.A. Mohamed, A.W. Youssef, E.R. Hassan, (2010) Effect of using organic acids to substitute antibiotic growth promoters on performance and intestinal microflora of broilers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23, (10) 1348-1353. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/japr.2013-00901Issa, K. M., Omar, J. M. A. (2012) Effect of garlic powder on performance and lipid profile of broilers. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2 (2), 62-68. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2012.22010Kamali Sangani A, Masoudi A.A, Hosseini S.A (2014) The effects of herbal plants on mucin 2 gene expression and performance in ascetic broilers. IJVM 8 (1), 47-52.Khan, U, Nikousefat, Z, Tufarelli, V, Naz, S,Javdani, M, Laudadio, V. (2010) Garlic (Allium sativum L.) supplementation in poultry diets: effect on production and physiology. World's Poultry Science Journal,   68 (3), 417-24.Kuldeep Dhama, Ruchi Tiwari, Rifat Ullah Khan et al. (2014) Growth Promoters and Novel Feed Additives Improving Poultry Production and Health, Bioactive Principles and Beneficial Applications: The Trends and Advances-A Review. International Journal of Pharmacology, 10 (3), 129-159. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2014.129.159Lala, A. O., Okwelum, N., Oso, A. O., Ajao, A. O., Adegbenjo, A. A. (2017) Response of Broiler Chickens to Varying Dosage of Humic Acid in Drinking Water. Journal of Animal Production Research, 29 (1), 288-294.  Mansoub, N.H. (2011) Comparative Effects of Using Garlic as Probiotic on Performance and Serum Composition of Broiler Chickens. Annals of Biological Research, 2 (3), 486-490.Marcinčáková, D., Mačanga, J., Nagy, J., Marcinčák, S., Popelka, P., Vašková, J., Jaďuttová, I., Mellen, M. (2015) Effect of supplementation of the diet with humic acids on growth performance and carcass yield of broilers. Folia Veterinaria, 59 (3), 165-168.Milošević, N., Vidica Stanaćev, V.,  Perić, L., Stojčić, M. D., Veljić, M. (2013)  Effects of different levels of garlic powder in the diet on production parameters and slaughter traits of broiler chickens. Einfluss verschiedener Zulagen an Knoblauchpulver zum Futter auf Leistung und Schlachtkörpermerkmale von Broilern.  Archiv für Geflügelkunde., 77 (4), 254-259.Nagaraju, R., Reddy, B.S., Gloridoss, R., Suresh, B.N., Ramesh, C. (2014) Effect of dietary supplementation of humic acids on performance of broilers. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 84 (4), 447-452.Ozturk, E., Ocak, N., Turan, A.,  Cankaya, S. (2012) Performance, carcass, gastrointestinal tract and meat quality traits, and selected blood parameters of broilers fed diets supplemented with humic substances. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92 (1), 59-65.Peek, H., W.,  Landman, W., J., M.  (2011)  Coccidiosis in poultry: anticoccidial products, vaccines and other prevention strategies, 31 (3), 143-161. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2011.605247Pourmahmoud, B.,  Aghazadeh, A. M., Sis, N. M. (2013) The effect of thyme extract on growth performance, digestive organ weights and serum lipoproteins of broilers fed wheat- based diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 12 (3), 337-341. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2013.e53Ramiah, S. K., Zulkifli, I., Rahim, N. A. A., Ebrahimi, M., Meng, G. Y. (2014) Effects of Two Herbal Extracts and Virginiamycin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora Population and Fatty Acid Composition in Broiler Chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 27 (3), 375-382. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13030Samanthi, K.A.M.,  Nayananjalie, W.A.D., Adikari, A.M.J.B., Liyanag, R.  (2015) Dietary Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Supplementation on Performance, Meat Quality and Lipid Profile in Broilers. Rajarata University Journal, 3, 17-24SAS. User’s Guide 2005. Version 9.1(TS1M3). 2005. SAS Institute Inc., Carry.Seddiek, S.A., Ali, M. M., Khater, H. F., El-Shorbagy, M. M.  (2011) Anthelmintic activity of the white wormwood, Artemisia herba-alba against Heterakis gallinarum infecting turkey poults. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5 (16), 3946-3957.Slyranda Baltini Aji, Kennedy Ignatius, Asha´Adatu Y. Ado, Joel Bakari Nuhu, Auwal Abdulkarim, Usman Aliyu, Muhammad Bello Gambo, Mohammed Adamu Ibrahim, Haruna Akubakar, Mohammed M. Bukar, Hama´Adama M., Imam and Patrik T. Numan. (2011) Effect of feeding Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum) on some Performance Characteristic of Broiler Chickens. Research Journal of Poultry Science, 4 (2), 22-27. Stanaćev, V., Glamočić, D., Milošević, N., Puvača, N., Stanaćev, V., Plavša, N. (2011) Effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in fattening chick’s nutrition. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6 (4), 943-948.Šamudovská, A., Demeterová, M.  (2010) Effect of Diet Supplemented with Natural Humic Compounds and Sodium Humate on Performance and Selected Metabolic Variables in Broiler Chickens. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 79 (3), 385-393. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201079030385Taklimi, S.M.S.M., Ghahri, H., Isakan, M.A. (2012) Influence of different levels of humic acid and esterified glucomannan on growth performance  and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Agricultural Sciences, 3 (5), 663-668. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2012.35080Toghyani, M., Tohidi, M., Gheisari, A. A, Tabeidian, S. A. (2010) Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter. African Journal Biotechnology, 9 (40), 6819-6825.Wunderlich, F., Al-Quraishy, S.,  Steinbrenner, H.,  Sies, H.,  Dkhil, M. A. (2014)Towards identifying novel anti-Eimeria agents: trace elements, vitamins, and plant-based natural products.  Parasitology Research, 113 (10), 3547-3556. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4101-8Zamora, G., M., Melendez, L. A. D., Hume, M.E., Vazquez, R. S.  (2017) Performance, blood parameters, and carcass yield of broiler chickens supplemented with Mexican oregano oil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia-Brazilian Journal of Animal Science, 46 (6), 515-520.  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-9290201700060000

VPLYV SELENIČITAMU SODNÉHO A SELÉNOM OBOHATENÝCH KVASNÍC NA KVALITATÍVNE PARAMETRE ŠKRUPINY VAJEC ZNÁŠKOVÝCH SLIEPOK

The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of feed supplementation with selenite or selenized yeast on eggs quality of laying hens. Hens of laying breed Isabrown were randomly divided at the day of hatching into 4 groups (n=12) and fed ad libitum for 9 months on diets which differed only in amounts or forms of selenium supplemented. Hens were fed from 1st day by standard feed mixture. Control group get only native dose of selenium (0.1 mg/kg) naturally presented in feed mixtures. First experimental group get selenium addition 0.4 mg/kg in a form of sodium selenite, second one the same dose of 0.4 mg/kg but in organic form of Se-yeast. The diet for the fourth group was supplemented with Se-yeast at Se dose 0.9 mg/kg DM. The both doses of organic selenium had significantly (P<0.05) beneficial influence on the egg weight (g±SD) (60.45±3.87a; 60.81±5.63a; 62.41±3.72b; 62.15±3.16b). Significantly lower values of egg shell weight and egg shell ratio were found out in experimental group with sodium selenite only. The significantly lower egg shell strength (N/cm2) was in the experimental groups with supplementation of Se in both forms. Average egg shell thickness (μm) were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by the supplementation of Se into the feed mixture for laying hens.Pokus bol uskutočnený s cieľom sledovania vplyvu prídavku anorganického selénu (Se) alebo selenizovaných kvasníc na kvalitu vajec znáškových sliepok. Kurčatá znáškového hybrida Isabrown boli náhodne rozdelené do 4 skupín (n = 12) a od 1.dňa života kŕmené po dobu 9 mesiacov kŕmnou zmesou s prídavkami rozdielnych množstiev alebo foriem Se. Sliepky boli kŕmené štandardnými kompletnými kŕmnymi zmesami pre odchov a neskôr v chove zmesou pre vajcia produkujúce nosnice ad libitum. Sliepky v kontrolnej skupine prijímali kompletnú kŕmnu zmes s natívnou dávkou Se, v prvej experimentálnej skupine bol prídavok Se vo forme seleničitanu sodného v množstve 0,4 mg/kg sušiny, v druhej experimentálnej skupine bola zmes obohatená o Se v dávke 0,4 mg/kg sušiny, ale vo forme organickým Se obohateného kvasničného extraktu, v tretej experimentálnej skupine dostávali sliepky zmes obohatenú o selenizované kvasnice v dávke 0,9 mg/kg sušiny, teda nad limit povolený EÚ. V pokuse boli sledované ukazovatele: hmotnosť vajec (g), merná hmotnosť vajec (g/cm3), hmotnosť škrupiny (g), merná hmotnosť škrupiny (g/cm3), percentuálny podiel škrupiny (%), pevnosť škrupiny (N/cm2) a priemerná hrúbka škrupiny (μm). Pri hmotnosti vajca sa štatisticky významne (p<0,05) prejavil priaznivý vplyv oboch dávok organickej formy Se. Štatisticky nižšia pevnosť škrupiny bola v experimentálnych skupinách s prídavkom Se v oboch formách, pri priemernej hrúbke škrupiny boli rozdiely medzi jednotlivými skupinami štatisticky nevýznamné (p>0,05)

Chemical composition of chicken meat after application of humic acid and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum

The aim of the present study was analysed and evaluated chemical parameters of chicken breast and thigh muscles after addition of humic acids and probiotic into diet for broiler chicken. A total of 200 pcs Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups (n=50). The control group of chickens was fed with complete feed mixtures without any additives. Chickens in experiment groups were fed a diet containing: P1 (1% of humic acid), P2 (1% of humic acid and probiotic supplement Lactobacillus fermentum) and P3 were fed with complete feed mixture containing combination of starter feed mixture (1. - 21. day) with coccidiostaticum Diclazuril and growth feed mixture (21. - 35. day) containing Salinomycinum sodium. Besides, the groups were kept under the same conditions. Fattening period lasted for 42 days. Chicken meat was analyzed for content of water, crude protein, fat and cholesterol. Based on the results, we can state that the application of humic acids or the combination of Humac Natur with probiotic did not affect the chemical composition of the breast muscle. In the breast muscle, the protein content in the experimental group P3 with the coccidiostat (22.98 g.100 g-1) was reduced (p &le;0.05) compared to control group (23.42 g.100 g-1). In the case of thigh muscle was significantly higher content of fat and cholesterol (p &le;0.05) in chickens feeding with addition of Humac Natur (fat - 9.08 g.100g-1; cholesterol - 0.86 mg.100g-1) and similar results were recorded in experimental group with combination of Humac Natur and probiotic (fat - 9.15 g.100g-1; cholesterol - 0.86 mg.100g-1) compared to control group (fat - 7.15 g.100g-1; cholesterol - 0.70 mg.100g-1). From a general point of view, we can recommend the application of Humac Natur, respectively combination Humac Natur with probiotics in feeding of broiler chickens Ross 308.&nbsp; 14.00 Normal 0 21 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE <!--[endif] --

InGaN/(GaN)/AlGaN/GaN normally-off metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors with etched access region

The proposal and processing aspects of the prove-of-concept InGaN/GaN/AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) high-electron mobility transistor with etched access regions are addressed. Full strain and decent quality of the epitaxial system comprising 4 nm In0.16Ga0.84N/3 nm GaN/5 nm Al0.27Ga0.73N are observed using a high-resolution transmission-electron microscopy and by deformation profile extractions. Large negative polarization charge in the MOS gate stack provides the HEMT normally-off operation, while free electrons are populated at access regions after etching. Consecutive passivation by 10 nm Al2O3 together with annealing at 300 °C improved the Al2O3/semiconductor interface, with the threshold voltage (V T ) reaching 1 V. Improvements of the present concept in comparison to the previous one with a gate recess were proved by showing the decreased drain leakage current and increased breakdown voltage