Catecholamines of the adrenal medula and their morphological changes during adaptation to repeated immobilization stress

Changes of the adrenal medulla of rats were studied in the course of adaptation to repeated immobilization stress. An increase in the number of cells in the adrenal medulla was found in the adapted animals; this increase was confirmed by weight indices of the medulla and by cell counts per surface unit. Simultaneous karyometric measurements of the nuclei of adrenal medulla cells and an analysis of the catecholamine contents in the adrenals explain the increased activity of the adrenal medulla in the course of adaptation

Mechanisms of action and antiproliferative properties of Brassica oleracea juice in human breast cancer cell lines

none7noCruciferous vegetables are an important source of compounds that may be useful for chemoprevention. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of juice obtained from leaves of several varieties of Brassica oleracea on both estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (ER; MCF-7 and BT474) and ER-negative (ER; MDA-MB-231 and BT20) human breast cancer cell lines. The effect of juice on cell proliferation was evaluated on DNA synthesis and on cell cycle–related proteins. Juice markedly reduced DNA synthesis, evaluated by [3H]thymidine incorporation, starting from low concentrations (final concentration 5–15 mL/L), and this activity was independent of ER. All cauliflower varieties tested suppressed cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Cell growth inhibition was accompanied by significant cell death at the higher juice concentrations, although no evidence of apoptosis was found. Interestingly, the juice displayed a preferential activity against breast cancer cells compared with other mammalian cell lines investigated (ECV304, VERO, Hep2, 3T3, and MCF-10A) (P 0.01). At the molecular level, the inhibition of proliferation was associated with significantly reduced CDK6 expression and an increased level of p27 in ER cells but not in ER cells, whereas a common feature in all cell lines was significantly decreased retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. These results suggest that the edible part of Brassica oleracea contains substances that can markedly inhibit the growth of both ER and ER human breast cancer cells, although through different mechanisms. These results suggest that the widely available cruciferous vegetables are potential chemopreventive agents. JopenBrandi, Giorgio; Schiavano, GIUDITTA FIORELLA; Zaffaroni, N; De Marco, C; Paiardini, M; Cervasi, B; Magnani, MauroBrandi, G; Schiavano, Gf; Zaffaroni, N; De Marco, C; Paiardini, M; Cervasi, B; Magnani, M

Výroba vysokopecného koksu s optimáľnymi vlastnosťami

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Global risks – irrationality, identification and new type of threats

Systematic analysis based on the assumption of rational behaviour of human being in addition to the mathematical models is based on the inherent factors in quantification of global risks. Decisions are made based on all available information, to act in order to maximize the utility. However, the current state of global quantification of risks based on the probability of economic loss scenarios, rationality of action in emergencies excludes and puts to the forefront scenarios likelihood and severity based on information asymmetry. If all risk takers were fully informed, it would avoid the moral hazard and the amount of individual risks would be stable in the global context

Súčasné problémy karbonizácie uhlia

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Science experiences in early chilhood education

Teachers handbook series32 p.; 20 cm