Efficacy of Electromyographic Biofeedback in Muscle Recovery after Meniscectomy in Soccer Players

Electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF) is a therapeutic technique that has been used successfully in the rehabilitation of injuries. Although it has been applied to athletes, its use in this field is not very widespread. The objective of this study is to analyze its effectiveness in the recovery of electromyographic activity of the quadriceps after meniscectomy, evaluated through isometric contraction of the vastus lateralis. The sample comprised ten professional footballers in the Spanish League (2nd Division A) who had previously suffered a meniscus injury in their knee and had undergone a meniscectomy. The intervention consisted of EMG-BF treatment lasting between 6 and 10 sessions. The electromyographic signal was recorded using a Thought Technology ProComp Infiniti 8-channel biofeedback unit with a sampling rate of 2048 samples/second. For each session, a within-subject ABA design of 6 or 10 trials per session was used, with three pre- and three post-measures, which determined the gain for each session. The results indicated (1) improvements in all cases, (2) EMG-BF was effective, (3) the working model was statistically significant with an explained variance of between 67% and 75%, and (4) the generalizability analysis showed that the results are reliable and generalizable. The results indicate that EMG-BF is effective in neuromuscular rehabilitation after this type of interventionThis research received no external funding. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga

Estimation of Metal Loss by Corrosion Process in Heat Exchangers Applied to Hydrotreating Systems

It is well known that among of all the components of hydrotreating systems used in the industrial processes, the heat exchangers that pre-heat the reactor suffer the greatest degree of degradation by pitting corrosion due to extreme temperature exposure. Typically, two different mathematical analysis were used to estimate the probability of failure by metal loss as a consequence of pitting corrosión mechanism: short-term and long-term corrosion rate (STCR and LTCR, respectively), as designated by API 510 standard method. However, the results are often misunderstood when the difference between the calculated data of STCR and LTCR is large. For this reason, in this research the STCRs and LTCRs models were fitted to a generalized extreme value distribution (GEVD) to characterize the metal loss that take place in four heat exchangers, as well as to determine what kind of corrosion rate model is better for predicting the metal loss estimation. According to the results obtained in this research, the STCR model appears to be the most appropriate analysis for estimating future metal loss by pitting corrosion for the heat exchangers reactors used in hydrotreating systems.Thanks to Secretaria de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados SIyEA/UAEM for its financial support through research projects

Bottom-up control of sardine and anchovy population cycles in the canary current: insights from an end-to-end model simulation

Sardine and anchovy can exhibit dramatic decadal-scale shifts in abundance in response to climate variability. Sharpe declines of these populations entail particularly serious commercial and ecological consequences in eastern boundary current ecosystems, where they sustain major world fisheries and provide the forage for a broad variety of predators. Understanding the mechanisms and environmental forcing that drive the observed fish variability remains a challenging problem. The modelling study presented here provides an approach that bridges a comprehensive database with an end-to-end modelling framework enabling the investigation of the sources of variability of sardine and anchovy in the Canary Current System. Different biological traits and behaviour prescribed for sardine and anchovy gave rise to different distribution and displacements of the populations, but to a rather synchronous variability in terms of abundance and biomass, in qualitative agreement with historical landing records. Analysis of years with anomalously high increase and decline of the adult population points to food availability (instead of temperature or other environmental drivers) as the main environmental factor determining recruitment for both sardine (via spawning and survival of feeding age-0 individuals) and anchovy (via survival of feeding age-0). Consistent with this, the two species thrive under enhanced upwelling-favourable winds, but only up to some threshold of the wind velocity beyond which larval drift mortality exceeds the positive effect of the extra food supply. Based on the analysis of the simulation, we found that anchovy larvae are particularly vulnerable to enhanced wind-driven advection, and as such do better with more moderate upwelling than sardines.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ): Psychometric Properties in Its Digital Version

The Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire’s (TEOSQ’s) psychometric properties have been explored in previous studies but never in its digital version, which facilitates data collection. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the online TEOSQ by MenPas 1.0. The sample was composed of 2320 users (58.4% women; 41.6% men), between 18 and 65 years old (M = 25.27, SD = 7.39). The methods used were Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and invariance analysis from the original 13-item model. The CFA was corrected for all samples (CFI = 0.92–0.94, TLI = 0.93–0.95, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.06; df = 64; Bollen-Stine Bootstrap p = 0.02–0.07): general sample (χ2 = 720.72, χ2/df = 11.26), women (χ2 = 496.85, χ2/df = 7.76), men (χ2 = 321.67, χ2/df = 5.03), individual sports (χ2 = 525.26, χ2/df = 8.21), and team sports (χ2 = 306.01, χ2/df = 4.78). The results also indicate optimal adjustments for invariance: convergent, discriminant and composite reliability validity. The study evidence demonstrates the adequate psychometric properties of the digital version. To conclude, considering the results obtained, the model shows a good psychometric fit for the sample in its online format. The principal limitations were computer failures, as well as that the large part of the sample were users between 20 and 25 years old, so the heterogeneity should be improved. The practical implications of this study could improve the efficacy of data collection in sports motivation using the online TEOSQThis research received no external funding. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Population distribution and biomass variability of sardine and anchovy in the Canary current system as simulated by an end-to-end coupled model

Small pelagic fishes as sardine and anchovy account for as much as 20-25% of the world fisheries catch. They are particularly abundant in the four major eastern boundary upwelling ecosystems, where high levels of biological productivity are sustained by the supply of nutrient-rich water from beneath the photic zone. An intrinsic and puzzling feature of small pelagic fish is the large fluctuations of their population, typically occurring at decadal scales. The causes for such fluctuations have been extensively analyzed and discussed in the literature, yet our understanding of the mechanism involved is very limited. End-to-end models are emerging tools useful to test hypothesis for such fish population variability or to gain new insights into the problem. This comprehensive and complex model approach is now becoming possible largely thanks to the present-day computer power. This contribution focuses on the population dynamics of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in the Canary Current Upwelling Ecosystem. We describe and present the results of an end-to-end coupled model simulation including these two small pelagic species. The end-to-end application includes three model components: the ROMS circulation sub-model, the lower trophic ecosystem sub-model NEMURO, and a recently developed individual-based model for the fish (Rose et al. 2015; Fiechter et al. 2015). The computational grid for the three models covers NW Africa and the Western Iberian Peninsula at a spatial resolution of 12 km. This resolution is sufficient for certain eddy variability to occur in ROMS. Different biological traits were prescribed for anchovy and sardine: temperature optimum, diet preferences, and the onset and duration of the spawning season, among others. A hind-cast simulation of the period 1958-2007 was carried out. Model results reveal a fairly different behavior of sardine and anchovy. Anchovies gather off the northern part of Morocco and the Gulf of Cadiz, whereas sardines appear more scattered across the domain, further offshore, and further south, where upwelling favorable conditions take place year round. Both species exhibit decadal-scale fluctuations in both the location of the center of mass of the population and their biomass abundance; the latter being reasonably correlated with historical landing records.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar CEIMAR. Campus de Excelencia Andalucía Tec

FPGA Implementation for Real-Time Background Subtraction Based on Horprasert Model

Background subtraction is considered the first processing stage in video surveillance systems, and consists of determining objects in movement in a scene captured by a static camera. It is an intensive task with a high computational cost. This work proposes an embedded novel architecture on FPGA which is able to extract the background on resource-limited environments and offers low degradation (produced because of the hardware-friendly model modification). In addition, the original model is extended in order to detect shadows and improve the quality of the segmentation of the moving objects. We have analyzed the resource consumption and performance in Spartan3 Xilinx FPGAs and compared to others works available on the literature, showing that the current architecture is a good trade-off in terms of accuracy, performance and resources utilization. With less than a 65% of the resources utilization of a XC3SD3400 Spartan-3A low-cost family FPGA, the system achieves a frequency of 66.5 MHz reaching 32.8 fps with resolution 1,024 × 1,024 pixels, and an estimated power consumption of 5.76 W

Infección oculta y coinfección viral en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica por virus B

Introducción: La infección por el virus de la hepatitis B constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud a nivel mundial, su espectro clínico es variable. Objetivo: Identificar infección oculta y coinfección viral en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica por virus B. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en pacientes con hepatitis B crónica con carga viral detectable, atendidos durante el último trimestre de 2014 en el Instituto de Gastroenterología. Se estimó la seroprevalencia de anti HVC y anti HIV así como la frecuencia de AgHBs, y Anti S, las asociaciones fueron evaluadas mediante el estadígrafo x2. Resultados: Existió un predominio de las cargas virales bajas para 81.3%. El 28.7% de las muestras fueron AgHBs negativas, sugestivas de infección por virus oculto. Se detectaron niveles de protección frente al antígeno S en 20 % de los pacientes con carga viral baja. La coinfección a hepatitis C fue frecuente para 8.4 %.Conclusiones: La infección oculta al virus de hepatitis B fue frecuente en las muestras procesadas en el Instituto de Gastroenterología, con asociación a coinfección al virus de hepatitis C.Palabras clave: Hepatitis B, virus, coinfección viral, infección oculta, antígeno de superficie, carga viral, VIH.ABSTRACT Introduction: Infection with the hepatitis B virus is one of the major health problems worldwide, clinical spectrum is variable. Objective: To identify occult viral infection and co-infection in patients with chronic liver disease for virus B. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients with chronic hepatitis B with detectable viral load seen during the last quarter of 2014 in the Institute of Gastroenterology. The seroprevalence of anti HCV and anti HIV and the frequency of HBsAg and Anti S was estimated associations were evaluated using the x2 statistic. Results:There is a predominance of low viral loadsto81.3%. 28.7% of samples were HBsAg negative, suggestive of occult virus infection. Protective levels against the antigen S were detected in 20% of patients with low viral load.Hepatitis C coinfection was frequent for 8.4%. Conclusions: The occult infection hepatitis B virus is common in samples processed at the Institute of Gastroenterology with associated coinfection virus hepatitis C.Keywords: Occult hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus, viral coinfection, occult infection, surface antigen, viral load, HIV. 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Liquid methanol Monte Carlo simulations with a refined potential which includes polarizability, nonadditivity, and intramolecular relaxation

Monte Carlo simulations of liquid methanol were performed using a refined ab initio derived potential which includes polarizability, nonadditivity, and intramolecular relaxation. The results present good agreement between the energetic and structural properties predicted by the model and those predicted by ab initio calculations of methanol clusters and experimental values of gas and condensed phases. The molecular level picture of methanol shows the existence of both rings and linear polymers in the methanol liquid phase